microRNA-23b对Aβ25-35导致神经细胞凋亡的作用及机制研究

为了研究miR-23b对阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer′s disease，AD）细胞模型的作用及机制，采用Aβ_25-35诱导SH-SY5Y细胞损伤建立细胞模型；采用Annexin V-FITC/PI双染结合流式细胞术检测转染miR-23b对Aβ_25-35诱导SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡情况的影响；采用JC-1探针检测转染miR-23b对Aβ_25-35损伤SH-SY5Y细胞后细胞内线粒体膜电位的影响；采用Western blot检测转染miR-23b对Aβ_25-35诱导SH-SY5Y细胞内凋亡相关蛋白Bax、Bcl-2以及自噬相关蛋白p62、LC3B、Beclin-1表达水平的变化。结果显示：miR-23b能够改善Aβ_25-35诱导SH-SY5Y细胞的凋亡水平和异常的线粒体膜电位，并缓解Aβ_25-35引起的神经细胞凋亡蛋白和自噬蛋白表达的异常，提示miR-23b能够改善Aβ_25-35导致的凋亡通路和自噬通路异常，进而缓解Aβ_25-35导致的神经细胞凋亡。     

钙稳态失衡在1-甲基-4-苯基吡啶离子诱导的人神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡中的作用

目的研究钙稳态失衡在1-甲基-4-苯基吡啶离子（MPP+）诱导SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡中的作用。方法MTT法检测细胞存活
率;Hoechst 33342 和Annexin V+PI 染色检测MPP+诱导人神经神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细胞的凋亡作用;Western blot 检测
PARP蛋白表达的变化;罗丹明123 染色检测MPP+对SH-SY5Y细胞线粒体膜电位的影响;激光共聚焦显微镜检测MPP+对
SH-SY5Y细胞胞质钙、线粒体钙和内质网钙浓度的影响以及线粒体钙通道抑制剂钌红与MPP+联合应用对线粒体游离钙浓度、
胞质游离钙浓度的影响。结果MPP+导致SH-SY5Y细胞存活率下降且具有剂量-反应关系、MPP+能导致SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡、
MPP+导致SH-SY5Y细胞线粒体膜电位下降、MPP+使SH-SY5Y细胞胞质和内质网游离钙离子浓度下降而使线粒体游离钙离子
浓度上升。钌红可对抗MPP+诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡、阻止线粒体膜电位下降,减少PARP的切割片段以及阻断线粒体游离
钙浓度的上升。结论线粒体钙超载在MPP+诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡中起重要作用。MPP+诱导人神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细
胞的凋亡可能与细胞质、线粒体及内质网的钙稳态失衡有关。
     

汉防己甲素对人神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y增殖和凋亡的影响

目的 探讨汉防己甲素对神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细胞株的增殖抑制和诱导凋亡的作用。方法 通过CCK-8实验检测汉防己甲素对于细胞生长的抑制率,流式细胞术检测Tet作用于细胞后,对细胞活性氧、线粒体膜电位、凋亡和周期的影响。结果 汉防己甲素能显著抑制SH-SY5Y细胞生长,基本呈时间－剂量依赖性。流式细胞术检测显示不同浓度汉防己甲素处理后,活性氧明显升高,线粒体膜电位明显下降,细胞凋亡比例明显升高,G₀/G₁期细胞占比明显增高。结论 汉防己甲素能够抑制SH-SY5Y细胞增殖并且诱导其发生凋亡。     

TAT-FGF21融合蛋白的构建表达纯化及神经保护活性

为了提高成纤维细胞生长因子21(FGF21)的脑内分布而设计TAT-FGF21融合蛋白并探讨其神经保护活性。通过构建pET28a-TAT-FGF21重组质粒,并转化至E.coli BL-21(DE3)感受态细菌,经异丙基硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达后通过镍离子金属鳌合亲和层析介质(Ni-NTA)亲和色谱柱分离纯化获得TAT-FGF21融合蛋白。随后利用Aβ_25-35诱导SH-SY5Y细胞损伤模型,并以TAT-FGF21融合蛋白进行干预。MTT法检测TAT-FGF21对Aβ_25-35致SH-SY5Y细胞活性下降的干预作用;DCFH-DA荧光探针法检测TAT-FGF21对Aβ_25-35致SH-SY5Y细胞内活性氧生成增加的干预作用;JC-1荧光探针法检测TAT-FGF21对Aβ_25-35致SH-SY5Y细胞线粒体膜电位异常下降的干预作用。结果显示,TAT-FGF21能够提高SH-SY5Y细胞活性、降低SH-SY5Y细胞内ROS生成水平、提高SH-SY5Y细胞线粒体膜电位,提示TAT-FGF21可以通过缓解氧化损伤发挥神经保护作用。     

α-突触核蛋白促进过氧化氢诱导的多巴胺能神经细胞凋亡

目的研究α-突触核蛋白(α-synuclein,α-syn)在过氧化氢(hydrogen peroxide,H2O2)诱导的多巴胺能神经细胞凋亡中的作用。方法通过瞬时转染重组质粒pEGFP-α-syn和pcDNA-α-syn到MES23.5多巴胺能神经细胞建立过表达α-syn细胞模型。细胞外添加H2O2(200μmol/L)处理细胞。Hoechst 33258荧光标记细胞核及AO/PI(吖啶橙/碘化丙啶)双染检测细胞凋亡。Mitotracker线粒体探针标记线粒体。结果 H2O2可增加α-syn向线粒体和细胞核的转运;H2O2可单独引起细胞凋亡,但过表达α-syn细胞的凋亡率显著高于空载质粒转染细胞(P<0.05)。结论α-Syn增强了H2O2诱导的多巴胺能神经细胞凋亡。     

丹皮酚通过抑制线粒体氧化应激防止1-甲基-4-苯基吡啶离子损伤SH-SY5Y细胞

目的 探究丹皮酚（Paeonol,Pae）防止1-甲基-4-苯基吡啶离子（1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridine, MPP+）损伤神经细胞的机制。方法 采用MPP+作用于人神经母细胞瘤细胞株SH-SY5Y建立神经细胞损伤模型。采用甲基噻唑基四唑染色法检测细胞活力,采用流式细胞仪检测细胞内活性氧（reactive oxygen species, ROS）水平,采用罗丹明123染色流式细胞仪分析SH-SY5Y细胞线粒体膜电位的改变,采用Western blot法分析线粒体细胞色素C的表达。结果 0.1~10 μmol/L Pae可以剂量依赖性地抑制MPP+诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞的凋亡;10 μmol/L Pae能够升高细胞线粒体膜电位,减少MPP+引起的细胞内ROS的产生,降低细胞色素C的表达。结论 Pae可防止MPP+损伤SH-SY5Y细胞,其保护作用可能与减少SH-SY5Y细胞内ROS生成,增强SH-SY5Y细胞清除自由基的能力以及提高SH-SY5Y细胞内线粒体膜电位水平有关。     

Bcl-2蛋白在蛋白磷酸酶抑制剂冈田酸诱导的体外神经细胞退化中的作用

目的:在体外水平条件下,探讨抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2在蛋白磷酸酶抑制剂冈田酸所诱导的阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease,AD)样神经细胞退化中是否具有细胞保护的作用.方法:以人神经母细胞瘤细胞SH-SY5Y作为体外神经细胞研究材料,采用脂质体介导重组质粒pEGFP-N1-Bcl-2瞬时转染细胞的方法,造成神经细胞外源性过表达Bcl-2蛋白与绿色荧光蛋白的融合蛋白,以荧光显微镜下观察到绿色荧光蛋白显示转染阳性细胞,再用冈田酸处理转染细胞,通过DNA荧光染料染色法显示细胞凋亡核形,显微镜下计数细胞测定凋亡率.结果:①冈田酸剂量依赖性地引起SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡,DNA荧光染料染色显示,80nmol冈田酸作用24h引起该种细胞出现多量核浓聚、核碎裂的凋亡核形;②脂质体介导pEGFP-N1-Bcl-2和空质粒pEGFP-N1瞬时转染SH-SY5Y细胞,细胞分别过表达Bcl-2-绿色荧光蛋白的融合蛋白和绿色荧光蛋白,前者主要分布于近核的胞质,而后者则在胞质和胞核中均有分布;200nmol经典促凋亡剂星形孢菌素处理细胞24h,Bcl-2重组质粒转染组的细胞凋亡率显著低于空质粒转染组的细胞凋亡率(P＜0.01);③80nmol冈田酸处理细胞24h,Bcl-2重组质粒转染组的细胞凋亡率显著低于空质粒转染组的细胞凋亡率(P<0.05).结论:冈田酸能引起体外培养神经细胞SH-SY5Y发生凋亡性退化,Bcl-2重组质粒瞬时转染引起该种细胞过表达具有抗凋亡活性的融合蛋白Bcl-2-绿色荧光蛋白,Bcl-2过表达能部分抑制冈田酸所致SH-SY5Y细胞退化,这提示Bcl-2在冈田酸所致阿尔茨海默病样神经细胞退化过程中可能具有细胞保护作用.     

Bcl-xl基因对硝普钠诱导SY5Y细胞凋亡的抑制作用

【目的】研究Bcl-xl基因对成人神经母细胞廇SH-SY5Y细胞毒性的影响.【方法】 将构建好的Bcl-xl基因重组真核表达载体pIRES2-EGFP/Bcl-xl转染SH-SY5Y细胞,并分为正常组、pIRES2-EGFP空质粒转染组、pIRES2-EGFP/Bcl-xl质粒转染组,利用凋亡诱导剂硝普钠(50 μmol/L)诱导各组细胞凋亡,行Hoechst33258细胞染色对比观察各组细胞凋亡情况,通过MTT法分析各组细胞存活率?RT-PCR与Western blotting检测转染后Bcl-xl基因的表达情况.【结果】 转染SH-SY5Y细胞后,检测结果显示Bcl-xl基因能够高效转染并在此细胞中蛋白表达,相对于未转染细胞来说,转染细胞能部分对抗硝普钠诱导的凋亡,MTT显示有统计学意义(P < 0.05).【结论】 Bcl-xl基因能够通过升高基因的表达抑制NO诱导的类神经元细胞死亡,同时也能间接说明硝普钠产生的NO对细胞的毒性可能大部分是通过凋亡途径来产生的.     

外源性一氧化碳对体外培养的SH-SY5Y细胞的影响

目的 研究不同浓度的外源性一氧化碳(CO)对体外培养的神经细胞SH-SY5Y的影响,进一步探讨CO中毒脑损伤的机制.方法 SH-SY5Y细胞在含有不同浓度CO的装置中培养12 h,然后用MTT法检测细胞存活率,DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳和流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡的发生,以激光共聚焦显微镜荧光染色法检测细胞内活性氧的产生和线粒体膜电位的变化,用荧光酶标仪测定caspase-3的活性,并用Western印迹的方法 检测Bax蛋白的表达水平.结果 1000、10000 ppm CO处理SH-SY5Y细胞12 h后显著降低细胞的存活率;诱导细胞发生凋亡,凋亡率分别达29.03%和41.67%;激光共聚焦显微镜结果 细胞内活性氧水平及caspase-3的活性显著升高;线粒体膜电位明显降低,红/绿荧光强度的比值由正常的5.97分别降低为1.56±0.07和0.34±0.02;而且细胞中Bax蛋白表达水平显著升高.而100 ppm CO对体外培养的SH-SY5Y细胞的存活率、caspase-3的活性、活性氧水平、线粒体膜电位以及Bax蛋白的表达无明显影响.结论 高浓度的外源性CO(1000、10 000ppm)对体外培养的SH-SY5Y细胞造成损伤,具有明显的细胞毒性;而低浓度的CO(100 ppm)对SH-SY5Y细胞没有明显的损伤作用.     

补骨脂素加长波紫外线光化学疗法诱导人白血病细胞凋亡时对线粒体膜电位的影响

目的 研究补骨脂素 (PSO) 加长波紫外线 (UVA) 光化学疗法 (PUVA) 诱导人白血病细胞 K562、NB4 凋亡时对线粒体膜电位的影响。方法 细胞与不同质量浓度 PSO,接受或不接受 UVA 照射后共同培养,电镜下观察细胞超微结构改变,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率和线粒体膜电位变化,采用多因素方差分析法进行统计学处理。结果 PUVA 处理后的 K562、NB4 细胞超微结构出现明显的凋亡形态学改变;PSO、UVA 照射及 PUVA 均可使细胞凋亡率增加,线粒体膜电位下降,PUVA 的作用显著强于前两者 (P＜0.01)。结论 PUVA 可诱导人白血病细胞发生凋亡,诱导凋亡的途径之一为下调线粒体膜电位水平。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.