微量元素铜时辰毒理效应研究

目的:观察实验动物对铜的时辰反应特征,了解铜元素的时辰代谢规律,为临床合理应用含铜元素的药物提供实验依据.方法:测定铜元素LD_(50)及其相关参数,研究小鼠日节律中光照、黑暗及年节律中秋、冬和春三季铜元素急性毒性变化.结果:光照黑暗条件下对铜元素的LD_(50)有影响,但无显著差别,季节对铜的LD_(50)影响显著,春季LD_(50)最大,秋季次之,冬季最小.结论:机体对铜耐受性反应受日节律中光照的影响,同时与地球周转形成的场变化有关,临床应用铜或富含铜的药物治疗时应注意时辰因素.     

饱和脂肪胺的毒性与其结构的关系

本文将文献上公认的饱和脂肪胺的半致死量LD_(50)(mg/kg)(大鼠经口毒性)换算成LD_(50)(每公斤μg/M)作为毒性指标,用诱导效应指数I作为结构参数,经过对胺分子的I值计算和用回归分析法求得了脂肪胺的毒性与结构关系的方程LD_(50)(每公斤μg/M)=1447.629×10~3I+744986.777其相关系数为0.982,经显著性检验,P<0.01。用此方程预测了某些胺的LD_(50)值。     

盐酸小檗碱与七、八元瓜环包合作用的光谱学研究及体外释药行为

目的研究七元瓜环（Q[7]）、八元瓜环（Q[8]）与盐酸小檗碱（BH）的包合作用,以及体系pH值对包合作用的影响,为构建瓜环-盐酸小檗碱药物释放体系提供理论依据。方法紫外可见光谱法和荧光光谱法研究体系包合作用和包合比;荧光光谱法测定包合常数;紫外分光光度法测定包合物的体外药物累积释放。结果七元瓜环-盐酸小檗碱（Q[7]-BH）发生2∶1的包合作用,包合常数为6.71×104L/mol;八元瓜环-盐酸小檗碱（Q[8]-BH）发生1∶2的包合作用,包合常数为1.44×104L/mol。Q[7]、Q[8]对BH均有荧光增敏作用。BH原药400 min在人工肠液（pH 6.8的磷酸盐缓冲溶液）中的累积释放度为94.8%、在人工胃液（pH 1.2）中的累积释放度为29.4%;Q[7]-BH及Q[8]-BH的溶出曲线相似,400 min在人工胃液中的累积释放度分别为63.9%和64.4%,在人工肠液中的累积释放度分别为69.8%和75.7%。结论七、八元瓜环与盐酸小檗碱在酸性和碱性条件下均能形成包合作用,且对盐酸小檗碱有增溶作用和荧光增敏作用。     

四种药物的量—时关系的回归分析

本文研究了戊四氮、链霉素、普鲁卡因、戊巴比妥四种药物致死时间的量时关系进行了数学均数、几何均数、中位数与剂量的函数的回归方程计算,发现中位致死时间的对数值与对数剂量间符合直线关系,相关系数(r)分别为-0.997,-0.999,-0.993,-0.957,在此基础上提出计算 LD_(50)中位致死时间(T_M_(50))的具体计算方法,该值具有较好的代表性和可比性,四种药物分别为17.65,26.55,10.78,38.24分。建议用最小致死时间(tmin)、最大致死时间(tmax)及 LD_(50)中位致死时间(T_M_(50))三个参数作为反映药物致死时间的指标。     

正常C_(57)鼠肝、H_(22)肝癌及S_(180)肉瘤LD_5的纯化及其性质研究

以正常C_(57)鼠肝、H_(22)肝癌及S_(180)肉瘤,经一系列离子交换层析及亲和层析,获得了高纯度的LD_5。对三种组织的LD_5的部分酶动力学参数、亚基分子量及等电点的比较研究表明:H_(22)肝癌及S_(180)肉瘤的LD_5对丙酮酸的K_m值较正常C_(57)鼠肝LD_5显著降低,而LD_5含量(mg/g组织)、LD_5占LDH总活性的百分率均较正常高;三种组织的兔抗鼠LD_5间呈现交叉免疫反应。本研究所获的三种兔抗鼠LD_5抗体为进一步研究癌变时LD_5活性升高的分子机理奠定了基础。     

“碘附1号”消毒剂的安全性毒性研究

对新型消毒剂碘附Ⅰ号进行了急性毒性(包括经口 LD_(50)、经皮 LD_(50)和粘膜及皮肤的刺激试验)和致敏作用的研究。结果表明:大、小鼠 LD_(50)说明该碘附Ⅰ号属于低毒物质,豚鼠经皮 LD_(50)未能测出。粘膜刺激试验:碘附Ⅰ号原液对眼粘膜有强刺激作用;50%碘附Ⅰ号液有中等刺激作用;25%、5%、2%及1%的碘附Ⅰ号液无任何刺激作用。家兔皮肤刺激试验显示无皮肤刺激作用。豚鼠皮肤致敏试验结果无致敏作用。因此,我们认为碘附Ⅰ号液是一种有前途的皮肤及医疗器械消毒剂。     

败酱皂甙及其皂甙元的一般药理作用

本文对败酱皂甙及其甙元的一般药理作用进行了研究。败酱皂甙是败酱(Patrinia scabiosal-folid)中的主要成份,其他败酱属植物中同样含有败酱皂甙。败酱皂甙是十一位碳上的羟基结合葡萄糖的环烯醚萜甙类化合物。败酱皂甙不同给药途径的LD_(50)分别为595毫克/公斤(静注)、350毫克/公斤(皮下)、555毫克/公斤(腹腔)、2克/公斤(口服)。其皂甙元的LD_(50)分别为143毫克/公斤(静注)、234毫克/公斤(皮下)、182     

复配中草药杀虫剂的动物半数致死量测定

将复配剂按要求稀释成5个浓度组,给小白鼠灌胃,观察一定时间内动物中毒死亡情况,计算LD_(50)等统计指标。结果显示:对小白鼠的急性LD_(50)及其95％可信限为2206.48(1975—2466)mg/kg体重生药。结论:该复配剂对动物的急性LD_(50)属低毒,中草药含量低,即使提纯后毒性提高10倍计算,其LD_(50)也只属中等毒性。对人和动物较为安全。     

国产泰必利抗心律失常作用的实验研究

泰必利为一新型神经精神安定药,我们利用两种心律失常的动物模型研究其抗心律失常的作用。在改良的Lawson小鼠氯仿模型中,腹腔注射泰必利的治疗指数(LD_(50)/ED_(50))和安全范围(LD_5/ED_(95)分别为14.1和7.2。在狗的哇巴因模型中,泰必利的有效量为22.7±16.2mg/kg。     

醒酒液毒理学研究

本文首先报道牡丹江医学院抗衰老研究所所长吴景时教授研制的醒酒液毒理学研究。实验包括急性毒性、亚急性毒性和LD_(50)的测定等。实验结果证明A液对小白鼠的LD_(50)为123.5ml/kg(P、O、),且病理检查未发现异常(小鼠A液:10m1/kg,P、O)。本实验表明醒酒液无毒性、安全。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…