肾素-血管紧张素系统基因多态性与慢性心力衰竭的关系

[目的]探讨中国南方汉族人群中,血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）及血管紧张素原（AGT）双基因多态性与慢性心力衰竭发病的关系.[方法]用聚合酶链反应及限制性片段长度多态性技术检测111例慢性心力衰竭患者和110例健康者的ACE基因I/D及AGT基因M235T的多态性.[结果]①慢性心力衰竭组DD基因型与D等位基因的频率均高于对照组.DD基因型0.468比0.227,P＜0.01;D等位基因0.667比0.436,P＜0.01.②AGT基因M235T多态性在慢性心力衰竭组及对照组的分布无统计学差异.③ACE及AGT双位点多态性联合分析显示慢性心力衰竭组DD＋TT基因型频率显著高于对照组（0.351比0.117,P＜0.01）,与Ⅱ＋MM型者相比,具有该联合基因型者发生慢性心力衰竭的风险优势比（OR）为6.799,高于单基因分析的ACE-DD型者（OR=3.948）.[结论]ACE基因I/D多态性与中国南方汉族人群慢性心力衰竭的发生有关,ACE基因DD型可能是该地区慢性心力衰竭发病的遗传危险因素;单独AGT基因M235T多态性与慢性心力衰竭的发生似无明显关系,但AGT及ACE基因在慢性心力衰竭的发生中具有交互作用,DD型者若同时携带TT基因型,发生慢性心力衰竭的危险性增高.     

抑郁症患者ACE和AGT基因多态性研究

目的 探讨血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）基因插入或缺失（I/D）多态性与血管紧张素原（AGT）基因M235T多态性和抑郁症之间的关联.方法 运用聚合酶链反应结合限制性片段长度多态性检测技术（RFLP-PCR）检测150例抑郁症患者（研究组）和180例健康体检者（对照组）的ACE I/D、AGT M235T等位基因频率和基因型.同时用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测两组患者的血浆ACE含量.结果 研究组和对照组的ACE I/D位点等位基因频率和基因型差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,DD基因型的抑郁症患病风险升高（OR=2.06,95%CI：1.29～3.85）.对照组血浆ACE含量明显低于研究组,II、ID、DD基因型的血浆ACE含量不同,以DD基因型的ACE含量最高.差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）.两组间AGT M235T等位基因频率和基因型的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 ACE基因I/D多态性和抑郁症有关,DD基因型个体的抑郁症患病风险增高.     

肾素－血管紧张素系统基因多态性与冠心病合并慢性心力衰竭的关系

 【目的】探讨中国南方部分汉族人群的冠心病患者中，肾素－血管紧张素系统中的关键成分即血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)及血管紧张素原（AGT）双基因多态性与冠心病合并慢性心力衰竭（CHF）发病的关系。【方法】 应用聚合酶链反应及限制性片段长度多态性技术，对215例冠心病患者的ACE基因插入/缺失(I/D)及AGT M235T多态性进行检测。将其中105例合并CHF者作为病例组，其余110例心功能正常者作为对照组。【结果】①冠心病合并CHF组DD基因型及D等位基因的频率均高于对照组（前者为45.7％vs23.6％，后者为64.8％vs43.6％，P <0.01）；②AGT基因M235T多态性在两组中的分布无统计学差异；③联合分析ACE与AGT基因多态性显示，两组中同时具有DD型ACE基因及TT型AGT基因的频率分别为27.6％及14.5％，前者明显高于后者。与II+MM组合相比，具有该联合基因型的冠心病患者发生CHF的OR为5.039，较单基因ACE DD型发生CHF的OR增高。【结论】ACE基因I/D多态性与中国南方部分汉族人群冠心病患者发生CHF有关，DD型ACE基因可能是该地区CHF发病的遗传危险因素。单独的AGT基因M235T多态性似与该地区冠心病患者发生CHF无关，但联合ACE基因分析则发现，ACE和AGT基因在CHF的发生中具有协同作用，DD型基因的冠心病患者若同时携带有TT基因，发生CHF的几率增高。     

肾素血管紧张素系统基因多态性与冠心病关系的研究

目的：探讨中国苏皖地区人群血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）和血管紧张素原（AGT）基因型的分布及其与冠心病的关系。方法：应用聚合酶链反应技术,对106例冠心病患者、56例冠状动脉造影正常者以及30名健康献血员ACE插入／缺失（I／D）多态性及AGTM235T多态性进行检测。结果：ACE基因型分布及等位基因频率在病例组及对照组间差异无显著性。病例组和对照组AGT基因型总体分布差异亦无显著性,而病例组T等位基因频率（0．778）显著高于对照组（0．698,P＜0．05）。联合分析ACEDD型及AGT TT型罹患冠心病的相对风险,其比数比（OR）为3．61,高于单基因ACEDD型（1．23）及AGT TT型（1．77）。结论：AGTM235T基因多态性中T等位基因是中国苏皖地区人群冠心病发病的危险因素之一。同时具有ACE DD型及AGT TT型发生冠心病的相对风险显著高于单基因ACE DD型及单基因AGT TT型。     

肾素-血管紧张素系统基因多态性与冠心病合并慢性心力衰竭的关系

【目的】探讨中国南方部分汉族人群的冠心病患者中，肾素-血管紧张素系统中的关键成分即血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）及血管紧张素原（AGT）双基因多态性与冠心病合并慢性心力衰竭（CHF）发病的关系。【方法】应用聚合酶链反应及限制性片段长度多态性技术，对215例冠心病患者的ACE基因插入，缺失（I／D）及AGTM235T多态性进行检测。将其中105例合并CHF者作为病例组，其余110例心功能正常者作为对照组。【结果】冠心病合并CHF组DD基因型及D等位基因的频率均高于对照组（前者为45．7％vs23．6％，后者为64．8％ vs 43．6％，P〈0．01）；AGT基因M235T多态性在两组中的分布无统计学差异；联合分析ACE与AGT基因多态性显示．两组中同时具有DD型ACE基因及TT型AGT基因的频率分别为27．6％及14．5％，前者明显高于后者。与Ⅱ＋MM组合相比，具有该联合基因型的冠心病患者发生CHF的OR为5．039，较单基因ACEDD型发生CHF的OR增高。【结论】ACE基因I／D多态性与中国南方部分汉族人群冠心病患者发生CHF有关．DD型ACE基因可能是该地区CHF发病的遗传危险因素。单独的AGT基因M235T多态性似与该地区冠心病患者发生CHF无关．但联合ACE基因分析则发现，ACE和AGT基因在CHF的发生中具有协同作用，DD型基因的冠心病患者若同时携带有TT基因，发生CHF的机率增高。     

云南汉族RAS系统基因多态性与高血压病的相关性研究

目的探讨中AGT、ACE基因多态性与高血压病的相关性。方法采用病例-对照相关性研究策略，选择三代居住云南的汉族作为研究对象，用基因芯片检测技术，对100例高血压病患者及97例健康对照者进行AGT M235T（MM、MT、TT）、ACEI/D（Ⅱ、ID、DD）位点基因多态性检测。用Odd Ratio估计相对危险度。结果1、云南汉族97例健康人群中（1）AGT M235T位点的MM、MT、TT基因型频率分别是0.052、0.381、0.567；M和T的等位基因频率分别是0.242、0.758。（2）ACEI/D突变的Ⅱ、ID、DD基因型频率分别为0.340、0.598、0.062；I和D等位基因频率分别是0.680、0.320。2、云南汉族100例高血压病患者中，AGT M235T（MM、MT、TT）、ACEI/D（Ⅱ、ID、DD）位点的基因型多态性频率与对照组比较，差异无显著性意义。结论云南汉族健康人群AGT M235T、ACEI/D基因多态性可能在高血压病发生中不起直接作用。     

云南汉族RAS系统基因多态性与高血压病的相关性研究

目的探讨中AGT、ACE基因多态性与高血压病的相关性。方法采用病例-对照相关性研究策略,选择三代居住云南的汉族作为研究对象,用基因芯片检测技术,对100例高血压病患者及97例健康对照者进行AGT M235T(MM、MT、TT)、ACEI/D(Ⅱ、ID、DD)位点基因多态性检测。用Odd Ratio估计相对危险度。结果1、云南汉族97例健康人群中(1)AGT M235T位点的MM、MT、TT基因型频率分别是0.052、0.381、0.567;M和T的等位基因频率分别是0.242、0.758。(2)ACEI/D突变的Ⅱ、ID、DD基因型频率分别为0.340、0.598、0.062;I和D等位基因频率分别是0.680、0.320。2、云南汉族100例高血压病患者中,AGT M235T(MM、MT、TT)、ACEI/D(Ⅱ、ID、DD)位点的基因型多态性频率与对照组比较,差异无显著性意义。结论云南汉族健康人群AGT M235T、ACEI/D基因多态性可能在高血压病发生中不起直接作用。     

血管紧张素原基因多态性与原发性高血压的相关性研究

目的 探讨血管紧张素原AGT（M235T）基因多态性与中国四川籍汉族人群原发性高血压（EH）的关系。方法 采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）及限制性片段长度多态性分析（RFLP）方法分析人类白细胞染色体DNA中AGT（M235T）基因多态性。结果 122例EH病例组与87例正常对照组AGT（M235T）等位基因频率T，M分别为：T；0.828vs0.661,M:0.172vs0.339。基因型频率及等位基因频率符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律，EH病例组AGT（M235T）基因T等位基因频率和TT型明显高于对照组（X^2=11.7,P=0.003和X^2=15.6,P=0.0001)。结论 AGT（M235T）基因多态性与四川籍汉族人群EH密切相关。     

基因芯片技术对血管紧张素转换酶、血管紧张素原及内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因多态性与冠心病关系的研究

目的:评估血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)基因、血管紧张素原基因(AGT)及内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因(eNOS)多态性与冠心病的关系,并分析ACE、AGT和eNOS基因多态性在冠心病的发生和发展中是否存在协同作用。方法:选择冠心病患者133人及对照者154人,用基因芯片技术检测ACE、AGT和eNOS基因多态性,并对比其基因型及等位基因频率。结果:冠心病组ACE DD,AGT TT和eNOS TT基因型频率与对照组相比有显著性差异,分别为OR=2.17,P<0.01,OR=2.63,P<0.001,OR=8.50,P<0.05。ACE、AGT和eNOS基因多态性与冠心病明显相关。同时携带ACE DD和AGTTT基因型或AGT TT和eNOS TT基因型者与冠心病明显相关(OR=3.47,P<0.01,OR=1.05,P<0.01)。结论:ACE、AGT和eNOS基因多态性可能是中国人冠心病的危险因素。基因芯片技术为研究多种易感基因与冠心病的相关性提供了一项高效、敏感的方法。     

原发性高血压血管紧张素转换酶和血管紧张素原基因遗传倾向

目的 探讨血管紧张素转移酶（ACE）和血管紧张素原（AGT）基因在原发性高血压中的遗传倾向。方法 应用聚合酶链反应－限制性长度多态及四角分析法检测并比较各组ACE和AGT基因多态的频数和优势比（95％可信区间）。结果 ACE基因DD／Ⅱ基因型及D／I等位基因在各组间均无差异（P＞0．05）;而AGT基因TT／MM及T／M等位基因在高血压父母与正常血压父母的正常血压子代者间存在显著差异（P＜0．01）,优势比分别为18．0（3．09－104．9）和2．69（1．63－4．45）其余组间无明显差异（P＞0．05）。结论 AGT基因M235T突变具有明显的遗传倾向,可能是汉族人群易患高血压的候选基因（遗传标志）。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.