Wnt/β-catenin与NF-κB信号通路在邻苯二甲酸二丁酯诱导雄性大鼠发生尿道下裂中的表达

目的: 利用邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)孕晚期暴露诱导子代SD大鼠发生尿道下裂,验证Wnt/β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)及核因子κB(NF-κB)信号通路中关键蛋白在胎鼠生殖结节中的差异表达,探讨该通路在DBP致大鼠生殖系统发育异常过程中的作用机制?方法:孕SD大鼠20只,随机分为DBP组和对照组,在妊娠(GD)14~18天,每天分别通过灌胃给予DBP和大豆油800 mg/kg,于GD 19天处死后取胎鼠,鉴别出DBP组中发生尿道下裂的雄性胎鼠及对照组中的雄性胎鼠,分为尿道下裂组与正常对照组,提取生殖结节组织,Western blot检测β-catenin?糖原合成酶-3β(GSK-3β)和NF-κB的表达情况?结果:DBP染毒后子代雄性胎鼠出生体重较对照组明显下降,肛门生殖器距离(AGD)明显缩短,尿道下裂发生率为46.7%,同时尿道下裂组与正常对照组中β-catenin相对表达量的比值为0.505±0.014(P < 0.05),GSK-3β与NF-κB相对表达量的比值分别为1.903±0.018和3.661±0.021(P均< 0.05)?结论:DBP可能通过干预生殖结节中Wnt/β-catenin和NF-κB信号通路的正常表达导致尿道下裂的发生?     

雄性大鼠生殖结节中相关lncRNA和mRNA可能参与邻苯二甲酸二丁酯诱导的尿道下裂形成过程

目的：探讨雄性大鼠生殖结节中长链非编码RNA（long non?coding RNA,lncRNA）和mRNA在邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（di?n?butyl phthalate,DBP）诱导雄性大鼠尿道下裂形成中的可能作用。方法：在孕鼠孕13~18 d时每天按体重800 mg/kg DBP溶于1 mL玉米油灌胃,对照组每天给予1 mL玉米油。于孕19 d时取出胎鼠,分别取下灌药组发生尿道下裂胎鼠和对照组雄性胎鼠的生殖结节,提取RNA,构建RNA测序文库测序。对测序结果的lncRNA进行筛选、差异分析和功能预测,再随机筛选8条lncRNA用qRT?PCR验证其表达量。结果：与对照组相比,尿道下裂组生殖结节中有598个差异mRNA,427个差异lncRNA,qRT?PCR结果与测序结果一致。在生物过程、细胞组成、分子功能方面,差异表达mRNA富集程度最高的分别是红细胞生长、血红蛋白合成、结合珠蛋白结合。分布最多的的信号通路为病毒性心肌炎通路。差异lncRNA功能最多分布在生长激素释放激素受体的结合;分布最多的信号通路为金葡菌感染通路。结论：邻苯二甲酸二丁酯诱导的尿道下裂雄性大鼠与正常雄性大鼠相比,其生殖结节中lncRNA和mRNA的差异表达显著,lncRNA可能通过与mRNA相互作用参与尿道下裂的形成过程。     

对尿道下裂大鼠生殖结节中lncRNA表达的初步研究

目的 探讨长链非编码RNA(LncRNA)在邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)诱导的尿道下裂大鼠生殖结节中的表达 方法 在孕鼠孕13-18天时按体重800mg/kg DBP溶于1ml玉米油灌胃,对照组每天给予1ml玉米油。于孕19天时取出胎鼠,分别取下灌药组发生尿道下裂和对照组雄性胎鼠的生殖结节,提取RNA,构建RNA测序文库测序。对测序结果的lncRNA进行筛选、差异分析和功能预测,再随机筛选4条lncRNA用qRT-PCR验证其表达量。结果 与对照组相比,尿道下裂组生殖结节中有195个差异lncRNA,136个差异mRNA,qRT-PCR结果与测序结果一致。差异lncRNA功能最多分布在生长激素释放激素受体的结合;分布最多的的信号通路为金葡菌感染通路 结论 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯诱导的尿道下裂雄性大鼠与正常雄性大鼠相比,其生殖结节中lncRNA和mRNA显著改变,lncRNA可能通过与mRNA相互作用参与到尿道下裂形成过程中生殖结节的发育。     

邻苯二甲酸二丁酯干预Fgfs信号通路致雄性仔鼠尿道下裂发生的分子机制研究

目的:通过验证邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)孕期染毒所致尿道下裂雄性仔鼠生殖结节内成纤维细胞生长因子(Fgfs)及其受体(Fgfr)信号通路中关键基因的表达异常,探讨其在DBP生殖毒性过程中的作用机制.方法:孕鼠20只,随机分2组,在怀孕(GD)14～18天期间,每天分别灌胃给予大豆油、DBP 750 mg/kg,出生后第1天(PND1),统计仔鼠出生数、尿道下裂发生率,称量雄性仔鼠体重,肛门至生殖器距离(AGD);PND7,取尿道下裂雄性仔鼠生殖结节,用实时定量(real-time quantitative)RT-PCR方法检测生殖结节中Fgf8、Fgf10、Fgfr2的mRNA表达水平.结果:DBP染毒后导致新生仔鼠与正常组相比数量明显减少,雄性仔鼠体重明显下降、AGD明显缩短,雄性仔鼠尿道下裂的发生率为48.83%.同时,与对照组相比,DBP致尿道下裂雄性仔鼠生殖结节中Fgf8、Fgf10、Fgfr2的mRNA的表达水平明显下降.结论:DBP对母体有着明显的毒性作用,DBP干预了Fgfs信号通路中关键基因的表达,这可能是DBP导致生殖结节发育异常,引起尿道下裂的重要原因.     

Lamin B1在邻苯二甲酸二丁酯致大鼠尿道下裂发生中的表达变化

目的:利用邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(di-n-butyl phthalate,DBP)胚胎晚期暴露导致SD胎鼠尿道下裂发生的动物模型,验证Lamin B1在尿道下裂与正常胎鼠阴茎中的差异表达,以进一步探讨尿道下裂的发生机制?方法:妊娠14~18天 SD雌鼠20只,随机分为2组,实验组和对照组分别给予DBP 800 mg/(kg·d)和大豆油2 ml/d灌胃,孕期第19天剖宫产后记录雄性胎鼠肛门和生殖器之间的距离(AGD)?出生体重(BW)及尿道下裂发生数,取雄性胎鼠阴茎,运用免疫印迹法和免疫组织化学方法分析Lamin B1的表达情况?结果:实验组AGD/BW与对照组相比有显著性差异(P < 0.05);尿道下裂发生率为40%;Lamin B1在对照组的相对表达量为0.923±0.013(n=10),实验组为0.593±0.014(n=10),差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);Lamin B1主要定位于尿道上皮细胞,对照组染色强度明显强于实验组?结论:DBP灌胃期间改变了尿道组织中Lamin B1的表达,影响了细胞迁移和尿生殖褶的融合,这可能是尿道下裂发生的原因之一?     

亚硒酸钠对哮喘大鼠肺组织核因子-κB和抑制蛋白α表达的影响

目的:观察哮喘大鼠肺组织中核因子-κB(NF-κB)和抑制蛋白α(IκBα)的表达及炎性细胞的浸润,探讨用亚硒酸钠干预后对其的影响及其作用机制。方法:18只健康雄性SPF级W istar大鼠随机分为哮喘组(A组),亚硒酸钠干预组(Se组)和正常对照组(C组),每组6只。A组和Se组用卵清蛋白(OVA)致敏激发复制哮喘模型,Se组每次激发前用亚硒酸钠干预,C组用生理盐水作为对照。免疫组化方法观察NF-κB、IκBα在哮喘大鼠肺组织的表达。结果:哮喘组支气管肺组织NF-κB的蛋白表达(31.96±6.22)%显著高于对照组(5.08±1.92)%,IκBα蛋白的表达(1.64±0.58)%低于对照组(14.01±3.99)%,有统计学差异(P<0.01)。干预组NF-κB(18.09±4.13)%的蛋白表达与哮喘组相比显著降低(P<0.01),IκBα(5.04±0.45)%则增高(P<0.05)。哮喘大鼠肺组织NF-κB与IκBα蛋白表达呈负相关(r=-0.819,P<0.01)。结论:亚硒酸钠能够抑制哮喘大鼠肺组织IκBα的降解和NF-κB的激活,进而抑制气道炎症。     

氟他胺对胚胎期尿道下裂大鼠PCNA、AR表达的影响

目的观察氟他胺(Flu)对胚胎期SD大鼠尿道及睾丸间质细胞增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、雄激素受体(AR)表达水平的影响,探讨其引起尿道下裂机制。方法将孕鼠于第12～17天连续皮下注射Flu(6.0546 mg/kg.d)染毒造模,在第20天行破宫产取子代雄鼠的尿道生殖结节和睾丸,用免疫组化检测大鼠尿道生殖结节、间充质细胞、尿道细胞及睾丸间质细胞PCNA、AR表达变化,RT-PCR技术检测睾丸间质细胞PCNA、AR mRNA表达变化。结果免疫组化显示PCNA在Flu染毒组大鼠生殖结节、间充质细胞、尿道细胞及睾丸间质细胞中蛋白表达明显低于对照组(P<0.05),AR在Flu染毒组尿道细胞及睾丸间质细胞表达与对照组无差异(P>0.05);RT-PCR显示:PCNA mRNA在Flu染毒组大鼠睾丸间质细胞中蛋白表达明显低于对照组(P<0.05),AR mRNA在Flu染毒组睾丸间质细胞表达与对照组无差异(P>0.05)。结论 Flu引起尿道下裂不是通过改变AR水平实现,可能是通过降低睾酮激素水平或与雄激素竞争性结合AR而导致尿道下裂的发生。     

黄芩苷对脂多糖诱导人牙龈成纤维细胞表达炎症因子的影响

  目的  从PI3K/Akt/NF-κB信号通路探讨黄芩苷对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的人牙龈成纤维细胞(HGFs)损伤的影响及机制。  方法  运用LPS诱导建立人牙龈成纤维细胞损伤模型,设置正常对照组、模型组和模型+黄芩苷(1、10和20μg/mL)组,每组设3个复孔,经不同浓度的黄芩苷干预后,Western blotting检测p-Akt、Akt、NF-κB p65等蛋白的表达,采用qPCR法检测炎性因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6等基因的表达。用PI3K抑制剂LY294002作用半小时后,再用黄芩苷干预,qPCR和Western blotting法检测Akt、p-Akt、NF-κB p65、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6等基因和蛋白的表达。  结果  与模型组比较,黄芩苷低、中、高剂量能有效降低TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β mRNA的表达水平,促进p-Akt蛋白表达,抑制NF-κB p65核蛋白表达,并呈剂量依赖性(均P < 0.05)。与模型组比较,模型+黄芩苷组p-Akt表达升高(P＜0.05),NF-κB p65表达降低(P＜0.01)。PI3K抑制剂LY294002作用后,模型+黄芩苷组p-Akt/Akt表达量(0.63±0.18)较模型组(0.56±0.14)升高(P＜0.05),模型+黄芩苷组NF-κB p65、IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α表达量较模型组降低(均P＜0.01)。黄芩苷对LY294002作用后,p-Akt/Akt、NF-κB p65、IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α表达量与模型组比较,差异无统计学意义。  结论  黄芩苷可抑制LPS诱导的人牙龈成纤维细胞损伤引起的炎症反应,其作用机制可能与促进Akt的磷酸化,抑制NF-κB p65核转录和炎性因子的释放有关。      

大鼠子痫前期模型母胎界面的核因子-κB表达与炎症反应

目的 研究大鼠子痫前期模型母胎界面的核因子-κB(NF-κB）表达与炎症反应.方法 Wistar孕鼠40只,随机分成正常对照组、子痫前期组,检测母胎界面的NF-κB表达、光镜下免疫炎症表现和血清细胞因子浓度.结果 子痫前期组大鼠母胎界面NF-κB的表达较正常对照组明显增强.同时光镜下炎症反应较重,淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞...     

邻苯二甲酸二丁酯孕期暴露仔鼠阴茎组织乳酸脱氢酶B差异表达

目的:探讨邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)孕期暴露对仔鼠阴茎组织乳酸脱氢酶B(L-lactate dehydrogenase B,LDH-B)的影响,以进一步探讨LDH-B在DBP导致的尿道下裂中的作用机制。方法:将20只受孕大鼠随机分成2组,实验组10只,对照组10只。在大鼠怀孕第14～18天(GD14～18)2组分别给予灌胃,实验组给予DBP每天800mg/kg染毒孕鼠,对照组给予大豆油每天5ml,妊娠19天(GD19)分别取出仔鼠阴茎组织提取总蛋白,通过Western-blot及免疫组化检测LDH-B的表达。结果:实验组及对照组阴茎组织中均有LDH-B的表达,实验组的相对表达量为0.078±0.02(n=10),对照组的相对表达量为0.137±0.03(n=10),实验组中表达明显减少(P<0.05)。LDH-B主要定位于大鼠阴茎组织细胞的胞浆中。结论:孕期大鼠暴露邻苯二甲酸二丁酯后仔鼠阴茎组织中LDH-B表达明显减少,可能与DBP造成机体缺氧有关。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.