当归补血汤的研究进展

当归补血汤作为补气生血的代表方,现代医学从药理、配方、临床的等方面做了大量的研究,笔者从当归补血汤配伍比例,以及对心脏、肾脏、肝脏、血液、骨、肿瘤等药理、临床方面进行了总结,使读者对当归补血汤的含义有更深层次的理解,使临床医生更好的使用当归补血汤。     

当归补血汤化学成分及促进造血功能的研究进展

当归补血汤作为补气生血的经典中药名方,具有促进造血、保护肾组织、调节免疫、抗纤维化、抗肿瘤及抗抑郁等作用。作者检索了近15年关于当归补血汤促进造血功能的研究文献,概括总结了当归补血汤的化学成分,并从促进造血干细胞和外周血细胞的形成、抑制造血干细胞衰老、改善骨髓造血微环境、调节肠道菌群、免疫系统以及髓外器官造血等方面综述当归补血汤对造血系统的影响,以期为当归补血汤的临床应用提供科学依据。     

当归补血汤对心血管及血液系统疾病的药理作用及机制研究进展

<正>当归补血汤(Danggui Buxue Decoction,DBD),别名黄耆当归汤、补血汤、耆归汤、黄耆补血汤等,首见于金元时期李东垣的《内外伤辨惑论》,由黄芪和当归以5∶1比例组成,方中重用黄芪大补脾肺之气以资生血之源,配以当归益血和营。两药相伍,阳生阴长,气旺血生,具有益气生血的功效,多用于治疗劳倦内伤、气血虚、阳浮于外之虚热证等。自问世以来一直作为补气生血的经典名方广泛应用于临床。现代医学研究发现当归补血汤具有广泛     

B超对当归补血汤复方及单味药治疗兔血吸虫病肝纤维化的效果评价

目的探讨B超对当归补血汤复方及单味药治疗兔血吸虫病肝纤维化效果评价的价值。方法建立家兔血吸虫性肝纤维化模型,并将实验动物分成四组,其中三组分别用从当归、黄芪、当归加黄芪中提取的口服液结合吡喹酮进行治疗,对照组只给予吡喹酮进行病原学治疗。再用B超声像图评估当归、黄芪和当归补血汤治疗血吸虫病肝纤维化的效果。结果治疗A组(当归)、B组(黄芪)和C组(当归补血汤)均对兔血吸虫病肝纤维化有一定的疗效,其中C组(当归补血汤)的疗效最好,治疗前后肝长径、厚径、横径、PV内径测值均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论当归补血汤对血吸虫病肝纤维化的治疗作用优于单味药当归或黄芪。     

当归止痛汤治疗原发性痛经38例

目的观察当归止痛汤治疗原发性痛经的临床疗效。方法应用当归止痛汤（当归、元胡、川芎、白芍、甘草）治疗原发性痛经38例。结果治愈28例,好转7例,无效3例,总有效率92.1%。结论当归止痛汤对原发性痛经有较好效果。     

当归在妇科血证中的临床应用

目的探讨当归在妇科血证的临床应用。方法分析当归在固本止崩汤、逐瘀止血汤、清肝止淋汤、安老汤、脱花煎、生化汤等妇科血证方剂中的配伍应用。结果当归补血时与补气药配伍来补血,与补阴药配伍活血补血;活血时与养血柔肝药配伍养肝血,解肝郁,气血调和。结论当归治疗妇科血证的应用广泛。     

正交t值法研究当归拈痛汤的镇痛有效药味

目的通过对冰醋酸小鼠疼痛模型评价当归拈痛汤拆方的抗痛风作用,精简处方。方法采用正交t值法对当归拈痛汤拆方。选择小鼠醋酸扭体模型,通过镇痛作用评价当归拈痛汤抗痛风的活性,筛选当归拈痛汤镇痛有效药味。结幕各拆方均有不同程度的镇痛作用,正交t值表中显示当归、羌活、防风、茵陈、苦参、猪苓、泽泻、升麻、葛根为降低醋酸致小鼠扭体次数的有效药味,苦参作用较大。结论当归拈痛汤抗痛风作用与镇痛有关。     

加味当归补血汤对肿瘤化疗疗效影响的实验研究

目的 研究中药加味当归补血汤对肿瘤化疗的增效作用。方法 以荷肝癌实体瘤、S180肉瘤小鼠为模型，观察加味当归补血汤与环磷酰胺联用对肿瘤的抑制率；以艾氏腹水癌和肝癌腹水型小鼠为模型，观察加味当归补血汤与环磷酰胺联用对小鼠生存期的影响。结果加味当归补血汤与环磷酰胺联用，对小鼠肝癌实体瘤及S180肉瘤的抑制有协同增效作用；对艾氏腹水癌和肝癌腹水型能明显延长小鼠生存期。结论 加味当归补血汤能提高肿瘤化疗的疗效，具有一定的协同增效作用。     

经方辨治风湿病

目的探讨经方在风湿病辨治中的应用。方法运用临床基础理论研究的方法。结果通过分析治疗风湿病的经方,总结出治疗风湿病的经验：（1）按方证相应使用,有柴胡桂枝汤证、桂枝芍药知母汤证、防己黄芪汤证、黄芪桂枝五物汤证、白虎桂枝汤证等;（2）合方使用,有麻杏苡甘汤、麻黄加术汤、芍药甘草汤,芍药甘草加附子汤,桂枝加附子汤,桂枝加附子去桂加白术汤等;（3）按照病机和表现使用,有乌头汤、乌头桂枝汤、葛根汤、瓜蒌桂枝汤、桂枝加葛根汤、当归四逆汤、当归四逆加吴茱萸生姜汤、四逆汤、当归芍药散等。     

当归补血汤干预化疗贫血模型小鼠药效学研究

目的：通过考察当归补血汤不同刺量配比对化疗贫血小鼠模型外周血红、白细胞计数的影响,阐释当归补血汤的“补血”效应及其抗贫血作用。方法：采用血细胞计数法测定外周血细胞和血红蛋白含量的变化。结果：当归补血汤对化疗性贫血的外周血红、白细胞计数均有提升作用,与模型组比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05）结论：当归补血汤不同剂量配比对化疗贫血具有一定的抗贫血效应。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.