钙敏感性受体活化与心肌细胞缺血/再灌注损伤凋亡的关系

目的:探讨活化的钙敏感性受体与心肌细胞缺血/再灌注损伤凋亡是否有关。方法:新生鼠心肌细胞在模拟心肌缺血状态下,培养2 h后,在标准培养液中再培养24 h,从而建立一个模拟心肌缺血/再灌注模型。使用末端脱氧核苷酰基转移酶介导性dUTP切口末端标记(TUNEL),检测心肌细胞凋亡。钙敏感性受体mRNA表达通过逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)测定。采用免疫蛋白印迹法(Western blotting),测定Caspase-3和Bcl-2。结果:模拟I/R增强了钙敏感性受体表达及心肌细胞凋亡。GdCl3,一种特殊的CaSR激活剂进一步增强了钙敏感性受体表达及心肌细胞凋亡,而对Caspase-3和Bcl-2则分别起着正向及负向调节作用。结论:CaSR与新生鼠心肌细胞缺血/再灌注损伤及心肌细胞凋亡有关,其促进了Caspase-3而抑制了Bcl-2的表达。     

瑞芬太尼预处理对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响及机制

目的研究瑞芬太尼预处理对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及其可能的作用机制。方法健康SD大鼠96只,随机分为Sham组(S组)和缺血组,缺血组包括缺血再灌注组(I/R组)、瑞芬太尼预处理组(RPC组)、p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38MAPK)阻滞剂SB203580(SB)+RPC组。各组分别于再灌注末抽取静脉血、处死大鼠,收集肝组织。观察血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)水平;ELISA法检测血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)及IL-1β水平;TUNEL法测定肝细胞凋亡情况;HE染色观察肝组织病理学改变;Western blotting法测定肝组织p38MAPK及其磷酸化组分pp38MAPK的表达水平。结果与S组相比,I/R组血清ALT、AST、TNF-α及IL-1β水平均明显升高,出现明显肝组织损伤,肝细胞凋亡增加;与I/R组相比,RPC组血清ALT、AST、TNF-α及IL-1β水平均明显下降,组织病理学损伤明显减轻,肝细胞凋亡减少,肝组织pp38MAPK表达明显升高;应用p38MAPK阻断剂SB203580,肝损伤加重。结论瑞芬太尼预处理通过激活p38MAPK通路,使p38MAPK磷酸化,减轻炎症因子的产生,对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤起保护作用。这种保护作用可以被SB 203580阻断。     

七叶皂苷钠通过p38MAPK通路减少大鼠心肌梗死面积和无复流面积的研究

目的研究七叶皂苷钠(SA)通过p38MAPK通路减少大鼠心肌梗死面积和无复流面积的作用。方法成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、缺血再灌注(I/R)组、I/R+SA组、空白腺病毒+I/R组、p38MAPK腺病毒+I/R组、空白腺病毒+I/R+SA组、p38MAPK腺病毒+I/R+SA组,采用左冠状动脉前降支结扎的方式建立心肌I/R模型,给予腹腔注射SA或心肌局部多点注射腺病毒干预,硫黄素S染色检测心肌无复流面积、氯化硝基四氮唑蓝染色检测心肌梗死面积、TUNEL染色检测心肌细胞凋亡率,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测白介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)的含量,Western blot检测bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、裂解型含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶-3(cleaved caspase-3)、p-p38MPAK的表达量。结果与I/R组比较,I/R+SA组大鼠心肌无复流面积、梗死面积明显缩小,细胞凋亡率、IL-1β、TNF-α、ICAM-1的含量、Bax、Cleaved caspase-3、pp38MPAK的表达量明显减少(P<0.05);与空白腺病毒+I/R组比较,p38MAPK腺病毒+I/R组大鼠心肌无复流面积、梗死面积明显增加,细胞凋亡率、IL-1β、TNF-α、ICAM-1的含量、Bax、Cleaved caspase-3、p-p38MPAK的表达量明显增加(P<0.05);与空白腺病毒+I/R+SA组比较,p38MAPK腺病毒+I/R+SA组大鼠心肌无复流面积、梗死面积明显增加,细胞凋亡率、IL-1β、TNF-α、ICAM-1的含量、Bax、Cleaved caspase-3、p-p38MPAK的表达量明显增加(P<0.05)。结论 SA能够减少大鼠心肌I/R后梗死面积和无复流面积,抑制p38MAPK通路介导的炎症反应及细胞凋亡是SA发挥上述改善作用相关的分子机制。     

p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶在小鼠肠缺血再灌注肺损伤中的作用

目的探讨p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38MAPK)在小鼠肠缺血再灌注肺损伤的作用。方法10周龄健康雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为假手术组、缺血再灌注组和缺血再灌注+SB239063处理组(SB239063组),SB239063组于术前1h腹腔注入p38MAPK抑制剂SB239063(3mg/kg),另两组注入等量生理盐水。采用夹闭C57BL/6小鼠肠系膜前动脉45min后再灌注6h的方法造成肠缺血再灌注损伤模型。处死小鼠取肺标本,蛋白质印迹法检测肺组织磷酸化p38MAPK蛋白水平,RT-PCR检测肺组织TNF-α和IL-1βmRNA表达,H-E染色观察肺组织病理学改变。结果肠缺血再灌注导致明显肺损伤,肺组织p38MAPK活化明显增加,TNF-α和IL-1β基因表达水平明显升高(与假手术组比较P<0.01);SB239063可抑制肺组织p38MAPK活化,减轻小肠缺血再灌注引起的肺损伤,并下调肺组织TNF-α和IL-1βmRNA表达(与缺血再灌注组比较P<0.05)。结论p38MAPK在小鼠肠缺血再灌注肺损伤中起重要作用,抑制p38MAPK活化可减轻肠缺血再灌注肺损伤。     

抑制p38MAPK信号通路对尿源性脓毒血症兔肾组织细胞凋亡的影响及其作用机制

目的 探讨抑制p38MAPK信号通路对尿源性脓毒血症兔肾组织细胞凋亡的影响及其作用机制.方法 将60只新西兰兔按随机数字表法分为4组:假手术组(sham)、模型组(Model)、p38MAPK抑制剂SB203580组(SB203580)、SB203580 +p53激活剂Nutlin-3组(SB203580+ Nutlin-3),每组15只.采用输尿管近端注入大肠埃希菌菌液法制作尿源性脓毒血症模型,术前30 min静脉注射30 μg/kg SB203580或腹腔注射128 mg/kg Nutlin-3进行干预,1次/d,共3d.记录术后24、48、72 h时各组兔肛温、呼吸频率和心率;全自动分析仪检测白细胞计数以及血清肌酐、尿素氮含量;ELISA检测血清白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)含量;TUNEL染色观察肾组织细胞凋亡情况;qRT-PCR法检测肾组织MDM2和p53 mRNA表达水平;Western blot法检测肾组织Cleaved caspase-3、Bax、Bcl-2、p-p38MAPK、MDM2、p53和PUMA等蛋白表达水平.结果 与Model组比较,SB203580组兔肛温、呼吸频率、心率、白细胞计数、血清IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平以及血清肌酐和尿素氮含量降低(P＜0.05),同时肾组织细胞凋亡率、p53 mRNA以及p53、Cleaved caspase-3、Bax、PUMA、p-p38 MAPK等蛋白水平降低(P＜0.05),而MDM2 mRNA以及MDM2、Bcl-2等蛋白水平增加(P＜0.05).与SB203580组比较,SB203580+ Nutlin-3组兔肛温、呼吸频率、心率、白细胞计数、血清IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平以及血清肌酐和尿素氮含量升高(P＜0.05),同时肾组织细胞凋亡率、p53 mR-NA以及p53、Cleaved caspase-3、Bax、PUMA等蛋白水平增加(P＜0.05),Bcl-2蛋白水平降低(P＜0.05),而MDM2 mR-NA以及MDM2、p-p38MAPK等蛋白水平无显著变化(P＞0.05).结论 抑制p38 MAPK信号通路通过促进MDM2表达而抑制p53介导的细胞凋亡途径,从而减少尿源性脓毒血症兔肾组织细胞凋亡.     

七叶皂苷钠对肠缺血再灌注损伤大鼠p38MAPK信号通路的影响及其保护作用机制

目的:观察七叶皂苷钠(SA)对肠缺血再灌注(I/R)损伤大鼠p38MAPK信号通路的影响,阐明其对肠I/R损伤保护作用的机制。方法:采用夹闭肠系膜上动脉(SMA)方法建立大鼠肠I/R损伤模型。24只SD大鼠随机分为对照组(只分离出SMA,不行夹闭)、I/R组(分离出SMA,在其根部用无创伤血管夹夹闭阻断该动脉血运1h后松夹,实现再灌注)和SA组(手术过程同I/R组)。分别于夹闭前、松夹前、松夹后30min 3个时间点对各组每只大鼠给予如下处理,对照组和I/R组大鼠尾静脉推注生理盐水5 mL·kg-1;SA组大鼠尾静脉推注SA 0.9mg·Kg-1。再灌注后1h测定各组大鼠血浆肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)水平以及血浆和小肠组织中髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性和丙二醛(MDA)水平;同时免疫组织化学法检测各组大鼠小肠组织中p38MAPK和Bax蛋白的表达水平。结果:与对照组比较,I/R组大鼠血浆MPO、DAO活性及MDA、TNF-α、IL-6水平升高,小肠组织MPO活性及MDA水平升高,DAO活性降低(P<0.01);与I/R组比较,SA组大鼠血浆MPO、DAO的活性以及MDA、TNF-α和IL-6水平降低,小肠组织MPO活性及MDA水平降低,DAO活性升高(P<0.01)。免疫组织化学检测,与对照组比较,I/R组和SA组大鼠小肠组织p38MAPK和Bax的蛋白表达明显增强(P<0.01);与I/R组比较,SA组大鼠小肠组织p38MAPK和Bax的蛋白表达下降(P<0.01)。相关分析显示,大鼠小肠组织MPO、MDA、Bax蛋白表达水平以及血浆TNF-α、IL-6水平与肠组织细胞p38MAPK蛋白表达水平呈正相关关系(r分别为0.797、0.702、0.712、0.695和0.715,P<0.01)。结论:SA可能通过抑制氧自由基、炎性细胞因子的产生以及中性粒细胞的活化,下调肠组织p38MAPK的表达,从而抑制肠组织细胞凋亡,减轻肠I/R时的肠损伤。     

大鼠心肌缺血后适应对p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶及细胞凋亡的影响

目的 研究大鼠缺血后适应对p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)及细胞凋亡的影响.方法 将60只大鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham组)、缺血再灌注组(R/I组)、后适应组(Post组)、SB203580组(I_p38组)、anisomycin+后适应组(Ani+post组)和anisomycin组(Ani组)6组,每组10只.建立急性心肌梗死再灌注模型,抑制剂(SB203580,1mg/kg)和激动剂(anisomycin,2mg/kg)在再灌注开始前5 min经颈静脉注射.再灌注6h后,每组处死3只大鼠,取心肌组织测定磷酸化p38(P-p38)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、Caspase- 8、Bcl-2和Bax,并提取胞浆测定细胞色素C(Cyt-c).再灌注24h后,各组剩余大鼠测定血流动力学,并抽血测定心肌酶,取心脏进行TUNEL凋亡检测或采用伊文氏蓝-三苯基氯化四氮唑法检测心肌梗死面积.结果 再灌注6h后,Post组和I_p38组的P-p38 MAPK IOD值明显低于R/I组(P均<0.05),Ani+post组和Ani组明显高于Post组(P均<0.05),Ani+post组明显低于R/I组(P<0.05);Post组和I_p38组的TNF-α和Caspase-8 IOD值均明显低于R/I组(P均<0.05),Ani+post组和Ani组均明显高于Post组(P均<0.05),Ani+post组的TNF-α IOD值明显低于R/I组(P<0.05);Post组和I_p38组的Bcl-2 IOD值明显高于R/I组(P均<0.05),Ani+post组和Ani组明显低于Post组(P均<0.05);Post组和I_p38组的Bax IOD值明显低于R/I组(P均<0.05),Ani+post组和Ani组明显高于Post组(P均<0.05);去除线粒体后胞浆中Cyt-c的表达, Post组和I_p38组明显低于R/I组(P均<0.05),Ani+post组和Ani组明显高于Post组(P均<0.05).再灌注24h后,R/I组的心率血压乘积(RPP)和左心室压力最大上升/下降速度(±dp/dt max)均明显低于Post组和I_p38组(P均<0.05),Post组明显高于Ani+post组和Ani组 (P均<0.05);Post组和I_p38组的AI明显低于R/I组(P均<0.05),Ani+post组和Ani组明显高于Post组(P均<0.05);Post组、I_p38组和Ani+post组的CK和CK-MB值均明显低于R/I组(P均<0.05),Ani+post组和Ani组均明显高于Post组(P均<0.05);Post组和I_p38组的梗死心肌面积和缺血心肌面积比值(AN/AAR)明显低于R/I组(P均<0.05),Ani+post组和Ani组明显高于Post组(P均<0.05).结论 后适应可抑制p38 MAPK在再灌注损伤中的磷酸化,其可能是通过减少P-p38来抑制TNF-α细胞受体途径和Bcl-2/Bax线粒体途径凋亡的发生.     

参附抑制缺血再灌注大鼠肠上皮细胞凋亡的作用及机制

目的:研究参附注射液对缺血再灌注大鼠黏膜上皮细胞凋亡的影响,并探讨其可能机制。方法:采用大鼠肠缺血再灌注模型,24只大鼠随机分为对照组(C组)、缺血再灌注组(I/R组)和参附治疗组(SF组),SF组于阻断前30min静注SF液每100g体重2ml。再灌注2h检测回肠黏膜上皮细胞Caspase-3、Bcl-2蛋白的表达及TUNNEL细胞凋亡检测,同时观察回肠黏膜组织TNF-α水平及病理形态学改变。结果:①凋亡细胞检测显示:I/R组凋亡细胞显著增多,SF组凋亡细胞数较I/R组显著减少而多于C组(均P<0.05);②Caspase-3、Fas蛋白的表达:Caspase-3和Fas表达均为I/R组显著多于SF组和C组(P<0.01),SF组与C组无明显差异。Caspase-3及Fas表达与凋亡细胞数目呈正相关(Caspase-3:r=0.9149,P<0.01;Fas:r=0.6694,P<0.01);③TNF-α表达:TNF-α的表达在I/R组显著高于C组和SF组(均P<0.01),SF组与C组无明显差异。TNF-α表达与凋亡细胞数目呈正相关(r=0.9133,P<0.01);④SF组小肠黏膜病理损伤程度明显减轻I/R组(P<0.01)。结论:参附注射液通过抑制TNF-α、Fas和Caspase-3表达而抑制缺血再灌注期间肠黏膜上皮细胞的凋亡,从而减轻肠黏膜缺血再灌注损伤。     

加味丹参饮抑制p38MAPK表达保护缺氧/复氧乳鼠心肌细胞损伤的实验研究

目的 观察加味丹参饮含药血清对缺氧/复氧(hypoxia/reoxygenation,H/R)乳鼠心肌细胞p38 MAPK蛋白表达的影响, 以探讨其保护心肌的作用机制. 方法 将20只SD乳鼠的心肌细胞进行原代培养, 建立H/R模型并随机分为H/R组、SB203580 (p38MAPK阻断剂组)、加味丹参饮含药血清组,正常心肌细胞组作为对照组. 采用T淋巴细胞化学染色法鉴定心肌细胞,罗丹明B(Rhodamine B)染色法观察细胞形态,MTT 比色法检测含药血清对乳鼠心肌细胞的毒性,Western-blot 法检测MKK3 (促分裂原活化蛋白激酶-激酶3)、MKK6 (促分裂原活化蛋白激酶-激酶6)、p38MAPK、phospho-p38MAPK蛋白表达. 结果 与正常血清对照组比较,H/R组MKK3、MKK6的蛋白表达增多,p38MAPK通路阻断剂SB203580和加味丹参饮均不能减少其表达;p38MAPK、phospho-p38MAPK在H/R 时表达均增加(P<0.01),而SB203580 和加味丹参饮含药血清均能减少其表达(P<0.01). 结论 加味丹参饮含药血清预处理可通过抑制缺氧,复氧心肌细胞p38MAPK信号通路发挥保护作用,抑制p38MAPK表达及其磷酸化,减轻心肌细胞损伤,起到保护心肌细胞的作用.     

p38 丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路在阻滞剂HOE642 对肺缺血再灌注保护中的作用

目的：探讨钠氢通道阻断剂HOE642对肺缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用,以及其保护作用与p38丝裂原活化 蛋白激酶(p38 mitogen activated protein kinase,p38MAPK)通路的关系。方法：选取野生小鼠36只,随机分为假手术组 (SHAM组)、肺缺血再灌注组(I/R组)和肺缺血再灌注+HOE642组(HOE组),建立肺缺血再灌注损伤模型。测定肺组 织含水量;光镜下观察肺组织病理学变化;ELISA检测炎症反应水平(IL-6,TNF-α);测定肺组织细胞内钙离子荧光 强度;测定肺组织p38MAPK的蛋白表达。结果：HOE组肺组织含水量低于I/R组,但高于SHAM组(均P<0.05);HOE 组肺组织间质水肿、出血、炎症细胞浸润的情况比I/R组明显减轻,但比SHAM组严重(均P<0.05);HOE组肺组织IL-6 和TNF-α水平低于I/R组,但高于SHAM组(均P<0.05);HOE组细胞内钙离子荧光强度低于I/R组,但高于SHAM组(均 P<0.05);HOE组肺组织p38MAPK的蛋白表达量低于I/R组,但高于SHAM组(均P<0.05)。结论：HOE642可能通过调节 p38MAPK信号通路,降低细胞内的钙离子浓度和钙超载,减轻炎症反应而发挥肺保护作用。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.