喉罩在脑动脉瘤介入治疗中的应用

目的观察和比较喉罩置入与气管插管对脑动脉瘤介入治疗病人心血管反应的影响。方法32例45-76岁ASA分级Ⅱ-Ⅲ脑动脉瘤介入手术患者,随机分为喉罩置入组(n=16)和气管插管组(n=16)。两组均采用全凭静脉麻醉,监测并记录喉罩置入组基础值(T0)、喉罩置入前(T1)、喉罩置入后即刻(T2)、喉罩置入后3min(T3)、5min(T4)、喉罩拔除前(T5)和喉罩拔除后即刻(T6)各时点的MAP、HR值,同时记录气管插管组各相应时点的参数。结果与喉罩置入组相比,气管插管组插管后即刻和拔管即刻MAP和HR较明显升高和加快(P<0.05);组内与插管前相比,气管插管组插管后即刻MAP和HR明显升高和加快(P<0.01)。结论喉罩置入和拔出时引起心血管反应较气管导管插入时轻微,喉罩通气是脑动脉瘤介入患者可供选择的较理想的通气方式之一。     

喉罩通气与气管插管在腹腔镜胆囊切除术的比较

目的比较喉罩通气与气管插管在腹腔镜胆囊切除术通气效果及对循环的影响。方法ASAⅠ-Ⅱ择期腹腔镜胆囊切除术手术患者48例,分为喉罩置入组(Ⅰ组n=24)与气管插管组(Ⅱ组n=24)。行机械通气(IPPV),监测MAP、ECG、SpO2、VT、PETCO2、气道峰压和平台压。结果Ⅰ组一次置入成功率为91.7%、置入时间(19.7±5.7)秒,术后咽部不适和咽痛的发生率8.3%;Ⅱ组分别为85.7%、(27.9±11.3)秒和40.7%。与喉罩置入组相比,气管插管组插管后即刻MAP和HR较明显升高和加快(P<0.01);气管插管组插管后即刻MAP和HR较插管前明显升高和加快(P<0.01)。结论喉罩置入引起心血管反应轻微。对腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者,喉罩通气是可供选择的通气方式。     

ProSeal喉罩通气全麻在高血压患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的临床应用

目的 观察高血压病人腹腔镜胆囊切除术中应用ProSeal喉罩通气全麻对患者血压和心率的影响.方法 高血压腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者120例,ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,随机分为喉罩组和气管插管组,每组60例.记录诱导前(T0)、置入喉罩/插管前即刻(T1)、置入喉罩/插管后1 min(T2)、3 min(T3)、胆囊切除时(T4)、拔喉罩或拔管时(T5)6个时间点的HR、MAP、BIS,并进行组间比较.结果 气管插管组于插管后1 min、3 min、拔管时均较麻醉前、插管前即刻及喉罩组HR明显增快、MAP明显升高;瑞芬太尼、顺势阿曲库铵消耗总量、术毕24 h内咽喉疼痛例数气管插管组要明显高于喉罩组,胃管置入比例两组则无明显差异.结论 喉罩通气全麻在高血压病人腹腔镜胆囊切除术中可有效预防心血管应激反应,避免血压和心率的剧烈波动.     

喉罩置入和视可尼喉镜气管插管在全麻诱导期对循环和BIS影响的比较

目的比较全麻诱导期喉罩置入和视可尼气管内插管对患者心血管反应和脑电双频指数(BIS)的影响。方法选择择期行鼻内窥镜全麻手术的患者60例,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级,随机分为喉罩置入组(Ⅰ组)和视可尼气管插管组(Ⅱ组),每组30例。麻醉诱导和维持采用靶控输注丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼全静脉麻醉。比较各组患者诱导前(T1),诱导后(T2),喉罩置入或视可尼气管插管后即刻(T3)、1min(T4)、3min(T5)、5min(T6)时平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、BIS值的变化。结果Ⅰ组喉罩置入前后MAP、HR、BIS值组内比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Ⅱ组T3、T4、T5的MAP、HR较T2时点差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但BIS值明显升高(P<0.05),且在T3、T4、T5时明显高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。结论在相同麻醉深度下,全麻诱导期使用喉罩置入或视可尼气管内插管均可保持患者循环系统稳定,但视可尼气管内插管可使中枢神经兴奋性增高。     

喉罩在小儿短小手术麻醉中的应用

目的比较喉罩置入与气管内插管用于小儿七氟烷全麻短小手术对血流动力学、呼吸功能的影响。方法将65例ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级,拟在全麻下行择期短小手术的患儿,随机分为气管内插管组(T组,n=32)和喉罩置入组(L组,n=33)。两组患儿麻醉诱导成功后,L组置入喉罩,T组通过喉镜明视置入气管导管。监测记录围麻醉期不同时间点的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2),潮气量(VT)、呼气末二氧化碳分压(PETCO2)。观察记录拔除喉罩/气管导管时有无呛咳、恶心、呕吐、喉痉挛等相关副反应。结果气管内插管组在插管及拔管时的MAP、HR显著高于喉罩组(P<0.01或P<0.05);气管内插管组的副反应显著高于喉罩置入组(P<0.01或P<0.05);SpO2、VT、PETCO2组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论七氟烷全麻小儿短小手术置入喉罩操作简单,通气可靠,对心血管应激反应小,与气管内插管相比不良反应少。     

喉罩在主动脉夹层瘤介入治疗麻醉中的临床应用

目的:评价喉罩通气在主动脉夹层瘤介入手术中的可行性和安全性,并与气管插管通气作比较。方法:选择主动脉夹层瘤介入患者40例,ASA(Ⅱ～Ⅳ)级。采用随机数字法分为两组,即喉罩组(L组)与气管插管组(T组),每组20例。记录两组诱导前、诱导后、插管(置入)即刻、插管(置入)后3分钟、麻醉后30分钟、拔管(罩)即刻、拔管(罩)后5min时的HR、MAP,并记录拔管时是否出现躁动、呛咳有无咽痛、声嘶等相关并发症。结果:①置入即刻T组、拔管(罩)即刻两组HR、MAP明显快于诱导前(P<0.05),且T组明显快于L组(P<0.01);②T组复苏期躁动、呛咳、术后咽痛及声嘶等相关并发症例数明显高于L组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);③本研究中均无低氧血症和二氧化碳潴留发生。结论:喉罩具有操作简单、并发症少、应激反应小、患者血流动力学平稳等优点,较气管插管更适合应用于主动脉夹层瘤介入术中。     

喉罩在腹腔镜胆囊切除术全麻中的应用

目的:观察喉罩用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床效果。方法:100例ASAI~II级行腹腔镜胆囊切除术全麻患者,随机分为两组:喉罩组(n=50L)和气管插管组(n=50T)。全部病例均选择快速诱导,静脉注射舒芬太尼0.5g/kg,咪唑安定0.03mg/kg,依托咪酯0.2mg/kg,阿曲库铵1mg/kg,常规方法置入喉罩和气管插管,持续泵入丙泊酚100g·kg-1·min-1,每30分钟追加舒芬太尼0.1g/kg,阿曲库铵0.2mg/kg。分别在麻醉诱导前(T1),置入喉罩和气管插管后(T2),置入腹腔镜器械时(T3),胆囊切除时(T4),缝皮时(T5),喉罩和气管导管拔除后(T6)记录HR、MAP。观察喉罩组病人漏气和通气情况,两组病人于麻醉前,胆囊切除时和手术结束时取桡动脉血行血气分析。结果:插管时MAP、HR值T组明显高于L组,手术维持过程中MAP、HR值两组无显著性差异,拔管时MAP、HR值T组明显高于L组。在整个手术过程中PaO2和PaCO2两组间均无显著性差异。结论:在置入或拔出喉罩时对机体的刺激明显低于气管内插管,但手术维持过程中机体对两者的应激反应无明显差异,两者的通气效果无明显差异。     

喉罩通气麻醉在老年全髋关节置换手术的对照研究

目的:观察机械通气下喉罩麻醉在老年全髋关节置换手术应用的安全性、有效性。方法:选择全髋关节置换患者40例,ASAⅡ-Ⅲ级,随机分为喉罩组(H组,20例)和气管插管组(Q组,20例)。记录入室安静5分钟时(T0)、插管前即刻(T1)、插管后即刻(T2)、插管后3分钟(T3)、拔管时(T4)、拔管后(T5)的MAP及HR,两组侧卧位后正压通气10分钟(Ta)、手术开始(Tb)时、术毕(Tc)时的气道峰压(Pmax)和血氧饱和度(SpO2)、呼气末二氧化碳分压(PetCO2);记录两组拔管期的不良反应和术后并发症。结果:两组气道峰压和血氧饱和度、呼气末二氧化碳分压比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。H组插管后即刻及拔管时的HR、MAP均较Q组降低(P<0.05),Q组拔管期呛咳和体动发生率明显高于H组,差异有显著性(P<0.01),H组术后咽痛明显低于Q组。结论:本观察显示喉罩通气全麻可以达到与气管插管一样满意的通气效果,且喉罩组插管和拔管期心血管应激反应更小,拔管期呛咳发生率及术后并发症明显降低。     

喉罩通气在甲状腺切除手术中的应用

目的 探讨喉罩通气在甲状腺全麻手术中对血流动力学的影响.方法 选取100例择期甲状腺手术的成年患者,随机分成喉罩组(Ⅰ组)和气管插管组(Ⅱ组),每组各50例.记录患者入室后安静时(T0)、插管前即刻(T1)、插管后即刻(T2)、插管后5min (T3)、拔管即刻(T4)、拔管后5min (T5)的MAP(平均动脉压)、HR(心率)和SpO2.结果 Ⅰ组麻醉后各个时点的MAP和HR值较术前无明显的差异.Ⅱ组在麻醉后各个时点的MAP和HR值较术前有明显的升高,两组SpO2无明显的变化.Ⅰ组在T1、T2、T3、T4时点的MAP和HR值明显低于Ⅱ组(P＜0.05).Ⅰ组发生咽痛、声音嘶哑人数少于Ⅱ组.结论 喉罩通气对血流动力学的影响较小,不良反应少,可安全应用于甲状腺切除术全身麻醉中.     

喉罩在乳腺外科手术中的应用

目的 探讨喉罩在乳腺外科手术中的应用价值.方法 选择乳腺外科手术的女性患者50例,随机分为喉罩(L)组和气管插管(E)组.在快速诱导下行气管内插管或喉罩置入术,机械通气.观察气管插管、置入喉罩即刻、拔管时的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2).记录拔管时和苏醒后的不良反应等.结果 E组插管及拔管即刻MAP、HR明显高于置管前及L组,不良反应也高于L组.结论 喉罩能安全、有效地用于全身麻醉下乳腺外科手术,可有效减少应激反应,用药量少,复苏快,气道并发症少.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…