淫羊藿属植物化学成分研究概况

综述了1996～2000年报道的淫羊藿属植物化学成分的研究进展，分别对黄酮类、酚苷类、苯乙醇苷类、色酮类成分的研究情况进行了介绍。     

藏药独一味化学成分及测定方法研究进展

独一味Lamiophlomisrotata(Benth.)Kudo为唇形科独一味属植物,又名独步通[1]。其根或根茎及全草入药,生长于海拔3000m以上的裸岩等,分布于我国青海、西藏、四川、甘肃等地区,有丰富的药用资源。现已从独一味中分离和鉴定的化学成分有黄酮类、环烯醚萜类和苯乙醇苷类等成分。独一味具有多方面的药理作用。尤其具有显著的止血镇痛作用。研究发现,独一味中总黄酮具有明显的镇痛作用,是其镇痛有效部位[2]。环烯醚萜苷类成分是独一味中的主要止血活性成分,作用与云南白药相近[3];挥发油类成分是其抗肿瘤活性成分[4]。1化学成分1.1地上部分1.1.1…     

槐属苷的紫外分光光度法检测

1　材料和方法1.1　材料　仪器设备WF2 80 0 D3A型紫外分光光度计 ,北京第二光学仪器厂生产 ;R2 0 0D型电子分析天平 ,德国沙多利斯公司生产 .95 0mL·L-1乙醇 ,分析纯 ,西安化学试剂厂生产 ;染料木素 ,美国Sigma公司产品 ;槐属苷对照品 (98%以上 ) ,自制 (国内外尚无标准品出售 ) .1.2　方法　槐角甙、染料木素属黄酮类化合物 ,其紫外扫描图谱显示 ,都以带Ⅱ为主峰 (2 4 5～ 2 70nm) ,而配糖基对带Ⅱ的影响不大 ,所以我们以染料木素为标准品 ,以槐属苷为标准对照品 ,分别用乙醇配制成浓度为 11.2 8mg·L-1的溶液 ,进行紫外扫描 ,同样…     

苦豆子种子中生物碱的分离及lehmannine的结构确定

目的：研究苦豆子种子中生物碱的分离及槐果碱转移氢化制备苦参碱的研究。方法：利用离子交换,萃取和柱层,并结合转移氢化增大不同生物碱理化性质差异进行分离。结果：从苦豆子种子中分得5种生物碱,其结构经元素分析,IR,MS,1HNMR和13CNMR光谱鉴定为氧化苦参碱,氧化槐定碱,苦参碱,槐定碱和lehannine,结论：首次从苦豆子种子中分和lehmannine。     

槐角中脂溶性化学成分的研究

目的对槐角脂溶性部位进行化学成分研究。方法采用不同极性溶剂萃取并色谱分离成分,运用光谱分析进行结构鉴定。结果从槐角的丙酮可溶部位中分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为槐二醇(Ⅰ)、麦芽酚(Ⅱ)、α-乙酰基吡咯(Ⅲ)、二十六酸(Ⅳ)、二十六醇(Ⅴ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅵ)、甘油-α-单二十六酸酯(Ⅶ)、二十八醇(Ⅷ)、染料木素(Ⅸ)、山柰酚(Ⅹ)。结论首次从槐属植物中分离得到Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅶ和Ⅷ,首次从该植物果实中分离得到Ⅰ。     

槐角中脂溶性化学成分的研究

目的 对槐角脂溶性部位进行化学成分研究.方法 采用不同极性溶剂萃取并色谱分离成分,运用光谱分析进行结构鉴定.结果 从槐角的丙酮可溶部位中分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为槐二醇(Ⅰ)、麦芽酚(Ⅱ)、α-乙酰基吡咯(Ⅲ)、二十六酸(Ⅳ)、二十六醇(Ⅴ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅵ)、甘油-α-单二十六酸酯(Ⅶ)、二十八醇(Ⅷ)、染料木素(Ⅸ)、山奈酚(Ⅹ).结论 首次从槐属植物中分离得到Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅶ和Ⅷ,首次从该植物果实中分离得到Ⅰ.     

丁香属植物的化学成分和药理作用研究进展

木樨科（（ｏｌｅａｃｅａｅ）丁香属（ｓｙｒｉｎｇａ）植物资源丰富,全世界约１９种,中国盛产１５种并且分布广泛。民间对丁香属的药用价值早有认识,其中 ６种该属植物的化学成分和药理活性的研究有文献报道,为了进一步开发丁香属植物资源,本文就其化学成分和药理作用的研究现状作一简单综述。１ 化学成分１.１苯丙素酚类 丁香属植物中含有多种以甙形势存在的苯丙素酚类化合物,这些化合物分别属于香豆素类、木脂素类、苯丙醇类和苯丙酸类,木脂素类成分主要属于简单木脂素类、含７－０－９’四氢呋喃环的单环氧木脂素类和双环氧木脂…     

野牡丹属植物的化学成分、药理活性及临床应用研究概况

根据近30年的文献报道,野牡丹属植物含有多种化学成分,主要有黄酮类、鞣酸类、甾体类和萜类等,其中黄酮和可水解鞣酸类成分为本属植物的特征性成分。本属中的多种植物作为传统中药广泛被用来治疗痢疾、腹泻、溃疡、支气管炎与及妇科炎症等疾病。文章综述了野牡丹属植物化学成分、药理活性及临床应用的研究概况,并按其化学成分的结构类型进行分类,为进一步研究、开发应用此属植物资源提供资料参考。     

不同部位、不同产地苦参中三叶豆紫檀苷的HPLC测定

苦参为豆科槐属多年生落叶亚灌木植物苦参SophoraflavescensAit.的干燥根,性味苦寒,归心、肝、脾、肾、大肠、小肠诸经。具有清热燥湿、杀虫利尿的功效[1]。又用作苦味健胃剂、利尿剂、消炎药、止泻药和驱虫药[2]。苦参中的化学成分主要分为生物碱类和黄酮类。早期的研究主要集中在苦参生物碱类成分上,近年来对黄酮类成分的研究较多,并取得了很大进展。三叶豆紫檀苷为苦参中一个主要的黄酮类成分,经研究已确认其具有很强的抗真菌作用[3],能部分代表苦参的功效。本实验采用HPLC法对苦参的根、茎、叶、叶柄以及11个产地苦参根中三叶豆紫檀…     

紫金牛属植物化学成分和药理作用的研究进展

紫金牛科(Myrsinaceae)紫金牛属(Ardisia)植物全世界约300种,分布于热带美洲、太平洋诸岛、印度半岛东部、亚洲东部至南部,我国68种,12变种,分布于长江流域以南各地。本属植物多供药用,对跌打、风湿、痨咳及各类炎症有良效。有的果可食,种子可榨油。自20世纪70年代起,人们对紫金牛属植物的化学成分和药理作用进行了大量的研究,发现了一些具有生理活性的新成分,从而引起更多学者的兴趣。这些工作不仅对以化学分类学角度研究该属植物有很大启示,也对开发利用和寻找新的活性成分提供了资料。本文对该属植物的化学成分和主要药理作用进行了综述,文献从1977年收至2007年。1主要化学成分1.1皂苷类皂苷类成分是紫金牛属植物中含量最多的一类化合物,从该属植物中共分离得到28个皂苷类化合物。苷元的基本骨架均为齐墩果烷型三萜,多数化合物16位和28位有-OH或-CO取代,多数28位-OH和13位-H成醚键。糖链都连在3位-OH上,一般由3个～4个糖组成,糖链中共包含了四种单糖,分别为Glu、xyl、Ara、Rha(见表1),苷元的基本骨架见图1。图1皂苷类化合物的基本母核Ardisimamilloside F12Rha...     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…