参附注射液在腰—硬联合麻醉不良反应防治中的临床价值

目的:分析在腰—硬联合麻醉时使用参附注射液出现的不良反应及防治方法。方法:选择40例在腰—硬联合麻醉下进行全子宫切除手术的患者,将其随机分成两组,对照组使用生理盐水,观察组使用参附注射液,然后观察两组患者麻醉情况。结果:观察组在阿托品、麻黄素用量和心动过缓发生率、低血压方面,都要优于对照组,两组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在对患者进行腰—硬联合麻醉之前,使用参附注射液能够降低心动过缓、低血压的发生率。     

预注甲氧明对剖宫产患者腰硬联合麻醉术中低血压的防治作用

目的 观察预注甲氧明对剖宫产患者腰硬联合麻醉(CSEA)低血压的防治效果.方法 120例剖宫产患者,随机分为4组.第Ⅰ组患者在腰麻药注入的即刻从静脉给予甲氧明2 mg,第Ⅱ组在同样时刻给予甲氧明4 mg,第Ⅲ组同样方法给予麻黄素10 mg,第Ⅳ组不预注任何药物,所有患者经上述处理后出现低血压,给予麻黄素.记录腰麻前、腰麻后1,2,3,5,25 min的血压、心率.观察并记录术中患者低血压的发生率,恶心呕吐情况,麻黄素的用量.结果 与第Ⅳ组相比,第Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ组血压升高,恶心呕吐发生率降低;第Ⅰ,Ⅱ组腰麻后1,2,3,5,25 min的心率明显降低.与第Ⅰ组相比,第Ⅱ组的心率明显降低.低血压的发生率、麻黄素用量、恶心呕吐发生率第Ⅰ,Ⅱ比第Ⅲ,Ⅳ组明显减少或降低.结论 甲氧明2～4 mg能有效地预防腰硬联合麻醉剖宫产术中的低血压,但其反射性一过性心动过缓不容忽视.     

腰硬联合麻醉和全身麻醉在老年患者股骨颈骨折手术的麻醉观察

目的 探讨腰硬联合麻醉和全身麻醉在老年患者股骨颈骨折手术治疗中的麻醉效果.方法 股骨颈骨折老年患者80例,随机分为腰硬联合麻醉观察组和全身麻醉组,各40例.记录患者麻醉中低血压、高血压、心动过缓、缺氧和出血情况,询问患者麻醉满意度和主刀医师满意度.记录患者术后镇痛效果、发生恶心呕吐、头晕嗜睡、肺部感染情况.结果 与全麻组比较,腰硬联合麻醉组低血压发生率高(P＜0.05),而高血压发生率低(P＜0.05),心动过缓、缺氧、出血量、患者麻醉满意度和主刀医师满意度差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);与全麻组比较,腰硬联合麻醉组术后6 h VAS评分、恶心呕吐、头晕嗜睡和肺部感染发生率明显低(P＜0.05).结论 股骨颈骨折手术患者,全身麻醉和腰硬联合麻醉均能提供良好的麻醉和术后镇痛,而腰硬联合麻术后镇痛效果更好,并发症更少.     

麻黄素联合苯肾上腺素预防剖宫产手术腰麻低血压效果的比较

择期剖宫产手术患者120例,行腰硬联合麻醉.随机数字表法分为3组:麻黄素组(A组)、苯肾上腺素组(B组)和麻黄素+苯肾上腺素组(C组).记录3组患者麻醉前后的血压、心率,恶心或呕吐发生率,阿托品使用率和其他不良反应;新生儿脐动脉血血气分析和Apgar评分.小剂量麻黄素联合苯肾上腺素在剖宫产手术中处理腰麻低血压是一种安全有效的方法,和麻黄素、苯肾上腺相比具有一定的优势.     

静脉注射昂丹司琼对腰硬联合麻醉后不良反应的影响

目的：本研究旨在调查静脉注射5－羟色胺受体拮抗剂昂丹司琼对椎管内麻醉诱发低血压、心动过缓、寒颤影响。方法：210位接受腰硬联合麻醉患者随机分为对照组（C组）、低剂量昂丹司琼组（A组）、高剂量昂丹司琼组（B组），在麻醉前5分钟C组给予生理盐水，A组给予6mg昂丹司琼，B组给予12mg昂丹司琼。记录患者麻醉前后平均动脉压（ MAP）、心率（ HR）、寒颤。结果：各组一般情况比较无显著差别，C组麻醉后低血压、心动过缓和寒颤发生率显著高于A组和B组，A组与B组之间无显著差异。结论：昂丹司琼可以显著减少腰硬联合麻醉诱发的低血压、心动过缓、寒颤，6 mg与12 mg昂丹司琼在此方面效果无显著差异。     

曲马多联合地塞米松预防产妇腰硬联合麻醉后寒颤

目的 观察曲马多联合地塞米松预防剖宫产产妇腰硬联合麻醉时的寒颤.方法 将120例准备行剖宫产产妇随机分为4组,每组30例,即A组(生理盐水组),B组(曲马多组),C组(地塞米松组),D组(曲马多联合地基米松组),分别在腰硬联合麻醉前给予生理盐水10 ml,曲马多1.5 mg/kg,地塞米松5 mg,曲马多1.5 mg/kg+地塞米松5 mg.观察麻醉后产妇寒颤和呕吐的发生率,麻醉前,麻醉后5,10,15,30 min时产妇的无创血压和心率的变化,以及新生儿的APgar评分.结果 4组产妇同一时间点之间的血压和心率无显著差异,但各组产妇麻醉后5 min的血压明显降低,同基础值相比,有显著差异(P＜0.05).B组和D组产妇寒颤的发生率以及寒颤产妇中寒颤的平均强度都明显低于A组和C组.各组产妇呕吐的发生率以及呕吐产妇中呕吐的平均强度都无显著差异.各组产妇呕吐前的血压明显低于基础值(P＜0.05).结论曲马多可以预防产妇腰硬联合麻醉后的寒颤,但不会引起明显的呕吐,地塞米松预防寒颤的作用不明显.     

静脉滴注麻黄素预防剖腹产腰麻后低血压的临床研究

目的:研究在麻醉前静脉滴注小剂量麻黄素预防剖腹产腰麻后低血压。方法:选择在腰麻-硬膜外麻醉联合麻醉下行剖宫产的产妇60例,ASAⅠ级~Ⅱ级,随机分成两组:观察组(Ⅰ组)、对照组(Ⅱ组)每组30例。Ⅰ组麻醉前开放静脉通路,麻黄素10mg加入500ml平衡液中静脉滴注,Ⅱ组仅用平衡液静脉滴注,按10ml/kg于25min~30min内进行扩容。记录两组产妇麻醉前(T0)、麻醉后5min(T1)、麻醉后10min(T2)、麻醉后20min(T3)和麻醉后30min(T4)各时点的SBP和HR的变化,以及低血压、恶心、呕吐等并发症的发生情况,记录胎儿出生后的Apgar评分。结果:与T0时比较,Ⅰ组T1~T2时SBP下降(P<0.05),Ⅱ组T1~T3时SBP均下降,其中T1~T2时差异有显著性(P<0.01),T3时差异有显著性(P<0.05);与Ⅰ组比较,T1~T3时Ⅱ组SBP下降明显(P<0.05);两组麻醉后HR均有所增快,与T0相比差异无显著性,两组之间比较亦差异无显著性;两组低血压和恶心、呕吐的发生率两组相比差异有显著性(P<0.05),新生儿Apgar评分两组差异无显著性。结论:麻醉前预先静脉滴注麻黄素10mg能够预防剖腹产腰麻后低血压的发生,减少恶心、呕吐和心动过缓等并发症。     

腰硬联合麻醉用于妊娠期高血压剖宫产的临床体会

目的探讨腰硬联合麻醉在妊娠期高血压产妇剖宫产手术中的应用效果。方法选取妊娠期高血压拟行剖宫产产妇356例．分为腰硬联合组（E组）和硬膜外组（S组）,观察两组的麻醉起效时间、麻醉效果分级评价及麻醉对全身的影响和新生儿Apgar评分、麻醉并发症等。结果腰硬联合组麻醉起效时间显著优于硬膜外组（P〈0．05）,麻醉效果评价明显优于硬膜外组（P〈0．05）,而两组在低血压、恶心呕吐的发生率、麻黄素和阿托品的使用方面和新生儿Apgar评分、麻醉并发症等方面无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论腰硬联合麻醉起效快,效果确切,能安全有效地用于妊高征剖宫产手术麻醉。     

聚明胶肽对联合硬膜外-腰麻下剖宫产术中恶心呕吐的预防

目的 观察聚明胶肽对联合硬膜外-腰麻下剖宫产术中恶心呕吐的预防效果.方法 80例初产妇随机分为两组,A组为聚明胶肽;B组为复方氯化钠.两组患者分别于腰麻前30min内静脉输注聚明胶肽、复方氯化钠500 ml,均采用布比卡因(0.5%布比卡因3 ml 10%葡萄糖1 ml)重比重液3 ml行腰麻.腰麻后低血压持续超过3min者,静脉滴注麻黄素10mg,比较两组腰麻后低血压、恶心、呕吐等的发生率及麻黄素应用率.结果 A组低血压、恶心、呕吐的发生率、麻黄素应用率均明显低于B组(P＜0.05).结论 聚明胶肽急性高容量血液稀释可有效防治联合硬膜外-腰麻下剖宫产术中恶心呕吐的发生.     

术中应用小剂量曲马多加氟哌利多对硬腰联合麻醉后不良反应的临床研究

目的探讨小剂量曲马多加氟哌利多对临床硬腰联合麻醉后出现的低血压、恶心、呕吐及寒战等不良反应的预防及治疗作用。方法将90例硬腰联合麻醉下行腹部和下肢手术的患者随机分为A、B组和对照组各30例。A组在麻醉穿刺成功手术开始前静注曲马多1mg/kg;B组在麻醉穿刺成功手术开始前静注曲马多1mg/kg,间隔10min后加静注氟哌利多0.1mg/kg;对照组单纯静注生理盐水,注射时间及ml数同A、B组。记录麻醉开始后3h内低血压、恶心、呕吐及寒战等不良反应的发生情况。结果 A、B组不良反应发生率明显低于对照组;A组明显低于B组(P0.05)。结论曲马多合并氟哌利多对预防麻醉后相关不良反应安全有效。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.