镉对体外培养成骨细胞增殖、凋亡、分化及矿化的影响

目的探讨镉对体外培养成骨细胞（osteoblast,OB）增殖、凋亡、分化及矿化的影响。方法用混合酶消化法分离大鼠颅盖骨成骨细胞,进行原代培养;成骨细胞与不同浓度的Cd2＋作用后,MTT法测定细胞增殖;AO/EB双染法进行凋亡形态学观察;PNPP法检测碱性磷酸酶活性;矿化结节计数和面积测量分析镉对成骨细胞矿化能力的影响。结果各剂量组氯化镉均可抑制成骨细胞增殖,其中2.0μmol/L以上剂量组与对照组相比差异有统计学显著意义（P〈0.01）;16.0μmol/L、32.0μmol/L剂量组OB可见较多凋亡细胞;各时点、各剂量组氯化镉均能抑制ALP活性,尤其是48h以上影响作用更明显（P〈0.01）;0.5μmol/L、1.0μmol/L浓度的氯化镉可明显抑制成骨细胞矿化能力。结论镉离子可以抑制成骨细胞增殖、分化及矿化能力,促进成骨细胞凋亡,对成骨细胞的骨形成能力有明显抑制作用。     

醛固酮对成骨细胞增殖分化及成骨相关基因表达的影响

目的 探讨外源性醛固酮对大鼠原代培养的成骨细胞增殖、碱性磷酸酶活性及成骨相关基因表达的影响及其机制.方法采用酶消化法体外培养大鼠成骨细胞,CCK-8试剂盒和AKP试剂盒分别检测成骨细胞的增殖和碱性磷酸酶活性情况,半定量RT-PCR和Western blotting检测成骨细胞骨形成活性相关标志物和上皮钠离子通道(α-ENaC)基因的mRNA和蛋白表达.结果与对照组相比,醛固酮浓度为1×10-2~1μmol/L范围内可以促进成骨细胞增殖,浓度为1×10-3μmol/L和10μmol/L时对成骨细胞增殖无显著影响;但醛固酮在1×10-3~10μmol/L浓度范围内对成骨细胞碱性磷酸酶活性均无明显影响.与对照组相比,醛固酮浓度为1×10-2~1μmol/L时均能上调成骨细胞中成骨细胞骨形成活性相关标志物I型胶原蛋白(Coll-Ia)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、骨桥蛋白(OPN)和α-ENaC基因的mRNA和蛋白的表达水平(P<0.05).结论醛固酮(1×10-2~1μmol/L)能明显促进成骨细胞增殖并上调成骨细胞骨形成活性相关标志物的表达,且同时上调ENaC基因的表达,提示ENaC可能是醛固酮调节成骨细胞功能的作用靶点之一.     

淫羊藿总黄酮对体外培养成骨细胞的影响

目的：观察淫羊藿总黄酮对体外培养成骨细胞的作用。方法：取新生1－3d SD大鼠头盖骨用酶消化法分离成骨细胞。第3代细胞经MTT法、茜素红染色法观察淫羊藿总黄酮对体外培养成骨细胞增殖、矿化结节形成的影响。结果：淫羊藿总黄酮1－10μg/ml浓度具有显著的促进成骨细胞增殖及提高矿化结节形成数量的作用。结论：淫羊藿总黄酮具有促进体外成骨细胞增殖及分化成熟的作用。     

依普拉芬对新生大鼠颅盖骨成骨细胞增殖和分化的影响

目的 研究依普拉芬对体外培养的原代大鼠成骨细胞增殖和分化功能的影响.方法 体外分离培养新生大鼠颅盖骨成骨细胞,将不同浓度的依普拉芬加入培养液,测定细胞增殖情况、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性及钙化结节.结果 与阴性对照组相比, 各浓度组的依普拉芬均可增加成骨细胞数量(P＜0.01),提高细胞的ALP活性和促进钙化结节形成(P＜0.01),其中10-8～10-5 mol/L作用更为显著.结论 依普拉芬具有促进体外培养成骨细胞增殖、分化的作用.     

不同浓度淫羊藿苷对大鼠成骨细胞增殖、分化的影响

目的：观察不同浓度淫羊藿苷对体外培养大鼠成骨细胞增殖、分化及功能的影响。方法：利用酶消化法从新生小鼠颅盖骨中分离和培养成骨细胞;用组织化学染色和矿化结节法进行细胞鉴定;用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法（MTT）检测不同淫羊藿苷浓度对大鼠成骨细胞的增殖、分化作用;同时通过检测成骨细胞碱性磷酸酶的活性,以观察淫羊藿苷对成骨细胞功能的影响。结果：与各浓度组比较,10μg/L淫羊藿苷对成骨细胞的生长增殖、分化均有促进作用,且作用最强,最为持久。结论：浓度为10μg/L的淫羊藿苷能显著促进成骨细胞增殖,并增强其成骨活性。     

胃泌素及丙谷胺对结肠癌细胞株HT-29 EGF和VEGF表达的影响

目的观察五肽胃泌素(PG)及其受体拮抗剂丙谷胺(PGL)对人结肠癌细胞株HT-29表皮生长因子(EGF)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响。方法体外培养结肠癌细胞株HT-29,用PG及PGL干预。放射免疫法测定EGF,ELISA法测定VEGF。结果在PG浓度为10~(-5)mol/L、10~(-6)mol/L时,PG组EGF明显高于空白对照组(P<0.01),PG+PGL组EGF明显低于PG组(P<0.01);在PG浓度为10~(-7)mol/L时,PG组与空白对照组以及PG+PGL组与PG组EGF含量比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在PG浓度为10~(-5)mol/L时,PG组VEGF明显高于空白对照组(P<0.01),PG+PGL组VEGF明显低于PG组(P<0.01);在PG浓度为10~(-6)mol/L、10~(-7)mol/L,PG组与空白对照组以及PG+PGL组与PG组VEGF含量比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论五肽胃泌素能促进体外培养结肠癌细胞株HT-29中EGF和VEGF的表达,而其受体拮抗剂丙谷胺能部分阻断这一作用。提示胃泌素的促结肠癌细胞生长作用可能与促进EGF和VEGF表达有关。丙谷胺可部分抑制其作用。     

槐角苷及染料木素对成骨细胞生物学特性的影响

目的：比较槐角苷及染料木素对成骨细胞生物学特性的影响。方法：成骨细胞由新生24h SD大鼠头盖骨分离得到。通过细胞增殖率测定、碱性磷酸酶活性测定、茜素红染色矿化结节形态计量方法,对比槐角苷和染料木素在体外对成骨细胞骨形成功能的影响。利用基因克隆和报告基因方法,检测槐角苷和染料木素对人骨保护素（osteoprotegerin,OPG）启动子活性的作用,观察两者对骨保护素基因转录活性的调节。结果：体外培养的成骨细胞在1和0．1μmol／L槐角苷的干预下,均显示增殖刺激作用（与对照组比较P〈0．05）。10μmol／L染料木素使细胞增殖受抑制,但0.1μmol／L染料木素则显示增殖刺激作用（与对照组比较P〈O．05）。槐角苷在实验的各种浓度中均能提高ALP活性,而染料木素只在0．1μmol／L浓度才能提高ALP活性。槐角苷在10、1和0．1μmol／L浓度对成骨细胞的矿化总面积较对照组分别提高了73％、138．6％和114．3％,而染料木素各个浓度下成骨细胞矿化总面积均减少。10、1和0．1μmol／L浓度槐角苷干预后检测报告β-半乳糖苷酶基因（LacZ）活性均增加,但染料木素仅在0．1μmol／L浓度对LacZ活性有增强作用（与对照组比较P〈0．05）。结论：槐角苷能够促进成骨细胞的增殖、分化和矿化功能,与染料木素比较,不出现对成骨细胞成骨功能的抑制作用。而对于成骨细胞产生的破骨细胞抑制因子骨保护素,较染料木素有更强的上调作用。     

姜黄素对HaCaT细胞增殖、凋亡及KLF6/p21蛋白表达的影响

目的通过观察姜黄素和VEGF对HaCaT细胞增殖、凋亡及KLF6/p21蛋白表达的影响,探讨姜黄素治疗银屑病的可能机制。方法不同浓度的姜黄素(0、5、10、15、20、30、40μmol/L)作用于HaCaT细胞,CCK8法检测其对细胞增殖的影响;20μmol/L姜黄素及25ng/mL VEGF分别及联合作用于HaCaT细胞,CCK8法检测20μmol/L姜黄素对25ng/mL VEGF干预下HaCaT细胞的增殖作用,免疫蛋白印迹法检测KLF6/p21蛋白表达的改变,流式细胞仪检测其对HaCaT细胞凋亡的影响。结果 (1)姜黄素在0～40μmol/L浓度范围内呈浓度依赖性抑制HaCaT细胞增殖,20μmol/L姜黄素明显抑制HaCaT细胞增殖(P0.01),在0～40μmol/L范围内姜黄素浓度与HaCaT细胞增殖呈线性相关(r=-0.92,P0.01);与空白对照组相比,25ng/mL VEGF对HaCaT细胞有明显的促增殖作用(P0.05)。与25ng/mL VEGF组相比20μmol/L姜黄素明显抑制25ng/mL VEGF对HaCaT细胞的促增殖作用(P0.01)。(2)25ng/mL VEGF提高HaCaT细胞KLF6、p21蛋白的表达;20μmol/L姜黄素抑制HaCaT细胞KLF6、p21蛋白的表达;20μmol/L姜黄素能降低25ng/mL VEGF对HaCaT细胞KLF6、p21蛋白表达的增强作用。(3)与空白对照组(凋亡率2.2%)相比,20μmol/L姜黄素可促进HaCaT细胞凋亡(凋亡率54.1%);与25ng/mL VEGF(凋亡率1.4%)比较,20μmol/L姜黄素能明显抑制25ng/mL VEGF细胞的促增殖作用,促进细胞凋亡(凋亡率46.9%)。结论姜黄素能抑制VEGF对HaCaT细胞的促增殖作用,促进HaCaT细胞凋亡,其机制可能与可降低HaCaT细胞KLF6/p21蛋白的表达有关。     

肉桂醛对恶性黑素瘤A375细胞增殖和分泌VEGF的影响

目的研究肉桂醛对体外培养的人恶性黑素瘤细胞株A375增殖和分泌血管内皮细胞生长因子(vascularendothelial growth factor,VEGF)的影响。方法 A375细胞在体外培养扩增后,在培养基中分别加入10、20、40μmol/L肉桂醛,分别在培养24、48、72 h MTT法检测细胞活性。同时收集各个浓度肉桂醛处理不同时相的培养液样本,双抗体夹心ELISA法测定其中VEGF分泌量。结果 10μmol/L肉桂醛作用24 h即能抑制A375细胞增殖,10、20、40μmol/L肉桂醛间的抑制强度具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。40μmol/L的肉桂醛作用72 h后细胞增殖抑制率最高,达(88.91±4.5)%。随肉桂醛作用时间延长,A375细胞分泌VEGF的量逐渐减少,72 h后各浓度间的抑制作用具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。40μmol/L肉桂醛作用72 h后A375细胞分泌的VEGF含量最低,为9.55 pg/ml。结论肉桂醛能抑制人黑素瘤细胞增殖和VEGF的分泌,其抑制强度与药物浓度和作用时间成正比。     

重组人甲状旁腺激素(1-34)对体外培养成骨细胞骨形成的作用

目的 体外观察重组人甲状旁腺激素[recombinant human parathyroid hormone（1-34），rhPTH（1-34）]对成骨细胞骨形成的刺激作用。方法采用酶消化法分离获得大鼠成骨细胞，间隙加药方法给予rhPTH（1-34），观察药物对成骨细胞增殖、分化及矿化功能的影响。结果 10^-12～10^-8mol／L浓度对成骨细胞的增殖、分化和矿化功能均显示刺激作用。10^-11～10^-8mol／L浓度组的MTT、ALP的A值及矿化结节形态计量结果与对照组比较，具有显著性增加（P〈0．05），增加率以10^-9mol／L浓度组为最高，并呈剂量一效应关系。结论 rhPTH（1-34）对体外培养成骨细胞的增殖、分化和矿化功能具有明显促进作用。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.