UPLC/ESI-TOF-MS/MS分析蛇床子提取物中香豆素类化合物

目的:对蛇床子提取物中的香豆素类化合物进行快速分析与鉴定.方法:采用超高效液相色谱法(UPLC),选择C18反相色谱柱,以乙腈-水(含0.1%甲酸)为流动相,二元线性梯度洗脱进行分离;联用电喷雾飞行时间质谱(ESI-TOF-MS/MS)获得蛇床子提取物中各香豆素成分的精确分子量和分子式;采用碰撞诱导解离技术获得各化合物裂解碎片信息,结合文献对蛇床子提取物中的各化合物进行鉴定.结果:蛇床子提取物中各化合物在10 min内达到了基线分离,由MS和MS/MS结果推断其中的5种香豆素类成分分别是花椒毒酚、花椒毒素、佛手苷内酯、欧前胡素和蛇床子素.结论:UPLC/ESI-TOF-MS/MS技术能对蛇床子提取物中香豆素类化合物进行有效鉴别.     

水马桑化学成分及其乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性研究

目的:研究水马桑乙酸乙酯部位的化学成分及其乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性。方法:采用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱和制备高效液相技术等进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。通过改良的Ellman法测试所有化合物对乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制活性。结果:从水马桑乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部位分离得到6个香豆素类化合物,分别鉴定为:东莨菪内酯(1)、东莨菪苷(2)、秦皮素(3)、秦皮苷(4)、臭矢菜素A(5)、臭矢菜素B(6)。活性测试结果表明化合物6显示乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性,半数抑制浓度(IC_(50))为3.32±0.01 mmol/L。结论:其中,化合物2～6为首次从该属植物中分离得到,且以上所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,水马桑中香豆素成分有一定的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性。     

皂角刺中3个香豆素类化合物及其细胞毒活性研究

目的研究皂角刺Gleditsiae Spina(皂荚干燥棘刺)的化学成分。方法利用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱法反复进行分离纯化,通过谱学分析和理化性质鉴定表征化合物的结构。细胞毒活性采用四甲偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色法,测定化合物对肝癌(Hep G2)、肺癌(A-549)和食管癌(EC109)细胞株的细胞增殖抑制率。结果从皂角刺90%乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯部位分离得到3个香豆素类化合物,分别鉴定为滨蒿内酯(1)、异东莨菪内酯(2)和6-氨基-7-甲氧基香豆素(3)。结论化合物3为新的香豆素类化合物,命名为皂角香豆素A。化合物1、2为首次从该植物中分离得到。细胞毒活性研究显示化合物2对肺癌A549细胞有较强的增殖抑制活性,其IC50值为34.47μg/m L。     

当归中1个新香豆素类化合物及其细胞毒活性

目的研究当归Angelica sinensis干燥根的化学成分。方法运用硅胶、凝胶、MCI-Gel树脂及RP-HPLC等多种色谱技术分离纯化,并根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果从当归干燥根95%乙醇提取物中分离得到了1个新香豆素类化合物,鉴定为6-羟基-3-(4-羟基苯)-7-甲基-香豆素(1);化合物1对A549和MCF-7细胞株IC50值分别为3.2和2.8μmol/L。结论化合物1为1个新的香豆素类化合物,命名为云归香豆素A;其对A549和MCF-7细胞株表现了明显的体外细胞毒活性。     

青花椒根皮中1个新的香豆素类化合物

目的对青花椒Zanthoxylum schinifolium根皮中抗炎活性成分进行跟踪分离研究。方法采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、MCI以及半制备HPLC等色谱方法进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和现代谱学技术鉴定化合物的结构,以脂多糖(LPS)诱导的RAW264.7细胞炎症模型进行抗炎活性评价。结果从青花椒根皮的醋酸乙酯部位中共分离得到4个香豆素类化合物,分别鉴定为青花椒素A(1)、7-甲氧基香豆素(2)、异东莨菪内酯(3)和秦皮乙素(4)。在LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞产生一氧化氮(NO)的模型中,化合物1～4均对NO的产生具有抑制作用,半数抑制浓度(IC50)值分别为(0.21±0.03)、(0.92±0.16)、(0.15±0.02)和(0.26±0.04)μmol/L。结论化合物1为新化合物,是1个罕见的香豆素类化合物,命名为青花椒素A。化合物3为首次从该属植物中分离得到,所有化合物均具有较强的抗NO生成活性。     

羌活中香豆素类化学成分及其抗氧化活性研究

目的研究羌活Notopterygium incisum中的香豆素类化学成分及其抗氧化活性。方法采用重结晶、硅胶柱色谱、SephadexLH-20柱色谱以及制备HPLC等多种分离手段进行分离纯化,通过现代波谱学方法鉴定结构,并采用DPPH法和ABTS法对分离得到的化合物进行抗氧化活性测试。结果从羌活70%乙醇提取物中的二氯甲烷萃取层分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为佛手酚(1)、中甸前胡素(2)、镰叶芹二醇(3)、苯乙基阿魏酸酯(4)、丝立尼亭(5)、拱当归素(6)、羌活酚(7)、紫花前胡苷元(8)、(+)-cis-khellactone(9)、水合氧化前胡素(10),并经2种不同的方法测试了这类化合物的抗氧化活性。结论化合物2、6为首次从该植物中分离得到;经DPPH法和ABTS法测试发现化合物1和7具有较强的抗氧化能力;构效关系分析发现5位上具有-OH,多烯烃结构的呋喃环香豆素具有比其他香豆素类化合物更强的抗氧化活性。     

大果藤黄中2个新的香豆素类化学成分

目的研究大果藤黄Garcinia pedunculata果实的化学成分,以期发现新的活性化合物。方法运用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、Chromatorex C18、Diol silica gel、MCI gel CHP-20P以及反相半制备型高效液相等各种现代色谱分离技术进行系统的分离纯化,根据化合物的光谱数据和理化性质进行结构鉴定。结果从大果藤黄中共分离得到11个香豆素类化合物,分别鉴定为(S)-5-羟基-7-甲氧基-8-(2-羟基-3-甲基-3-丁烯-1-基)-2H-1-苯并吡喃-2-酮(1)、(S)-5-羟基-7-甲氧基-8-(2-羟基-3-乙氧基-3-甲基丁基)-2H-1-苯并吡喃-2-酮(2)、异欧前胡素(3)、橙皮油内酯(4)、(-)-3′-乙基-橙皮内酯水合物(5)、(+)-2′-羟基-异蛇床子素(6)、(+)-2′-乙酰基-3′-羟基-蛇床子素(7)、(-)-yuehgesin B(8)、异橙皮内酯(9)、(-)-橙皮内酯水合物I(10)、(-)-橙皮内酯水合物(11)。结论化合物1、2是新香豆素类化合物,命名为(S)-5,2′-二羟基-异蛇床子素和橙皮内酯水合物V,以上香豆素类成分均在大果藤黄中首次分离得到。     

蛇床子中的细胞毒活性香豆素

研究植物蛇床Cnidium monnieri干燥成熟果实中的香豆素类成分及其细胞毒活性,为进一步开发利用蛇床子提供依据。采用大孔树脂、硅胶和Sephadex LH-20、C₁₈柱色谱等方法分离纯化,并运用波谱方法对所分离的化合物进行结构鉴定。采用MTT法对所分离得到的化合物进行L1210癌细胞毒活性实验。从蛇床子中分离鉴定了11个香豆素类化合物,分别为蛇床子素(1)、佛手柑内酯(2)、花椒毒酚(3)、花椒毒素(4)、欧前胡素(5)、异虎耳草素(6)、欧前胡素酚(7)、补骨脂素(8)、5,7-二甲氧基香豆素(9)、水合羟基前胡内酯(10)、swietenocoumarin F(11)。化合物 7,9~11 为首次从蛇床属植物中分离得到。在样品溶液浓度为1×10^-5 mol·L^-1的条件下,化合物 1,5,10, 11 对小鼠白血病L1210细胞体外生长的抑制率分别是70.13%,63.10%,55.77%,75.08%,表明上述化合物对L1210细胞具有较明显的体外细胞毒活性。     

独活化学成分及药理活性研究进展

独活始载于《神农本草经》,为我国传统中药。主要含有香豆素、挥发油等类化学成分,具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗老年痴呆等药理活性。近年来,国内外研究报道,已从独活中分离得到94个化合物,其中香豆素类化合物69个,其他类化合物25个。本文主要对独活的植物资源分布、化学成分和药理活性研究进展进行了综述,旨在为促进独活植物资源的开发应用提供参考。     

小黄皮茎的化学成分及生物活性研究

目的研究小黄皮Clausenaemarginata茎的化学成分及其保肝活性。方法采用硅藻土、硅胶等多种柱色谱、中压制备液相色谱(MPLC)及制备型HPLC等方法对小黄皮茎的化学成分进行分离纯化,根据化合物理化性质结合现代波谱学方法鉴定化合物结构;并测试其对DL-半乳糖胺诱导肝细胞损伤的保护活性及其对脂多糖(LPS)诱导小鼠小胶质BV2细胞产生一氧化氮(NO)的抑制活性。结果从小黄皮茎的95%乙醇提取物的氯仿部位分离得到11个化合物,分别鉴定为nordentatin(1)、oxanordentatin(2)、5′-羟基葡萄内酯(3)、7-[(E)-7′-羟基-3′,7′-二甲基-2′,5′-二烯]-香豆素(4)、7-羟基香豆素(5)、claulamine A(6)、γ-崖椒碱(7)、开环异落叶松脂素(8)、2-{4-[(1E)-3-hydroxyprop-1-en-1-yl]-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy}propane-1,3-diol(9)、2-[4-(3-hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy]-1,3-propanediol(10)、甲基-2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基苯甲酸(11)。其中,化合物1~5为香豆素类化合物,6为咔唑生物碱,7为呋喃喹啉类生物碱,8为木脂素类化合物,9、10为苯丙素类化合物,11为酚酸类化合物。结论化合物2~4、7~11为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物5和7对DL-半乳糖胺诱导的肝细胞损伤具有一定的保护活性,化合物11对LPS诱导BV2细胞产生NO具有一定的抑制作用。     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the coumarins from Mallotus conspurcatus. METHODS The ethyl acetate part of 75% ethanol extracts from Mallotus conspurcatus was isolated. The compounds were isolated and purified with column chromatography, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR and ESI-MS data. RESULTS Twelve coumarins were determined to be malloapelin A (1), 5??-demethyl aquillochin (2), aquillochin (3), cleomiscosin B (4), 6-hydroxy-7-methoxy-coumarin (5), braylin (6), aegelinol (7), bergapten (8), isofraxidin (9), fraxidin (10), grevillone (11), and fraxetin (12). CONCLUSION Compounds 6-12 are isolated from this genus for the first time.     

阜康阿魏中倍半萜香豆素类化学成分研究

 目的对伞形科阿魏属植物阜康阿魏(Ferula fukanensis K.M.Shen)根中的倍半萜香豆素类活性成分进行分离纯化和结构确定。方法利用普通硅胶柱色谱和中压制备色谱等多种色谱技术进行反复分离纯化,根据理化性质和现代波谱技术(EI-MS,¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR)进行结构鉴定。结果从阜康阿魏根中分离得到5个倍半萜香豆素类化合物,分别鉴定为umbelliprenin(Ⅰ),fekolone(Ⅱ),badrakemone(Ⅲ),lehmannolone(Ⅳ),assafoetidin(Ⅴ)。结论化合物Ⅰ～Ⅴ为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Sesquiterpene coumarins and related derivatives from Ferula pallida

Six new compounds-two sesquiterpene coumarins, pallidones A and B (1, 2), and four related derivatives, pallidones C-F (3-6), as well as two known sesquiterpene coumarins, feselol (7) and conferol (8), have been isolated from the EtOAc extracts of the roots of Ferula pallida. All structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of spectral evidence, especially 2D NMR ((1)H-(1)H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY) and HRMS. The possible biosynthetic pathway of pallidones C-F (3-6) is discussed.     

Biologically active sesquiterpene coumarins from Ferula species

Extracts from different species of the genus Ferula (Apiaceae) have had various biomedical applications for many centuries. Many biological features of this genus such as cytotoxicity, antibacterial, antiviral, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitory and antiinflammatory activity have been attributed to sesquiterpene coumarins; structures containing a common coumarin group and a sesquiterpene moiety. This both highlights the importance of sesquiterpene coumarins as biologically active natural products and necessitates further studies on these compounds. Taking into account the versatile biological properties of compounds isolated from Ferula and the unprecedented interest in the application of natural products as a new generation of therapeutics, the present review will discuss reports on biological activities of sesquiterpene coumarins of the genus Ferula, from 1990 onwards.     

Constituents from the leaves of Phellodendron amurense var. wilsonii and their bioactivity

Two new dihydroflavonols, phellodensin-A (1) and phellodensin-C (2); three new coumarins, phellodenol-A (3), phellodenol-B (4), and phellodenol-C (5); one new chlorophyll, phellophyll-a (6); and one new phenyllactate, (2R)-sodium 3-phenyllactate (7), in addition to 35 known compounds have been isolated from the leaves of Phellodendron amurense var. wilsonii. The structures of the new compounds were established based on 1D, 2D NMR and mass spectral analyses. The stereochemistry at the C-2, C-3, and C-2' ' positions of new dihydroflavonol 1 was determined by CD spectroscopy. The known compounds were identified by comparison with authentic samples. The antioxidant and antityrosinase activities were also described.     

Modulation of Multidrug Resistance Protein 2 Efflux in the Cisplatin Resistance Human Ovarian Carcinoma Cells A2780/RCIS by Sesquiterpene Coumarins

Recent in vitro studies showed that sesquiterpene coumarins (SCs) can be used as chemosensitizers. In this study, 14 SCs were isolated and purified from roots of four Ferula species and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The purified SCs were evaluated for multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal properties in A2780/RCIS cells (cisplatin‐resistant derivatives of the human ovarian carcinoma cell line A2780P). Among the tested compounds, mogoltacin, mogoltadone, farnesiferol A, farnesiferol B, farnesiferol C, lehmferin, conferdione, and samarcandin showed significant MDR reversing effects. The combination of nontoxic concentrations of SCs (20 μM) with cisplatin enhanced cisplatin cytotoxicity on A2780/RCIS cells significantly. Flow cytometric efflux assay confirmed that the intracellular accumulation of 5‐carboxyfluorescein diacetate (5‐CFDA) was significantly increased in A2780/RCIS cells when treated with SCs. Our findings revealed that conferdione and samarcandin possessed the highest inhibitory effects on multidrug resistance‐associated protein 2 pump efflux, and therefore, these compounds could be considered as lead scaffolds for further structure modifications. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

香豆素类化学成分的药理作用及毒性机制研究进展

香豆素是一类以苯骈α-吡喃酮为基本结构的芳香族天然产物,根据化学结构可分为简单香豆素、呋喃香豆素、吡喃香豆素和其他香豆素类。该类成分在自然界中分布广泛,现代药理和临床研究表明,中药中香豆素类化合物具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗骨质疏松等多种药理活性。然而随着研究的深入与临床的大量应用,中药中香豆素类化合物被发现可致肝脏、肾脏等损伤,其安全性亦引发广泛关注。对中药中香豆素类化学成分及其药理作用进行总结,着重阐述毒性成分（异）补骨脂素、甲氧基补骨脂素、（异）欧前胡素和白花丹醌等的毒性研究进展,以期为中药中香豆素类化合物的研究与合理使用提供科学指导与借鉴,提高含香豆素类成分中药临床用药的有效性与安全性。     

Kaempferia parviflora, a plant used in traditional medicine to enhance sexual performance contains large amounts of low affinity PDE5 inhibitors

Aim of the study

A number of medicinal plants are used in traditional medicine to treat erectile dysfunction. Since cyclic nucleotide PDEs inhibitors underlie several current treatments for this condition, we sought to show whether these plants might contain substantial amounts of PDE5 inhibitors.

Materials and methods

Forty one plant extracts and eight 7-methoxyflavones from Kaempferia parviflora Wall. ex Baker were screened for PDE5 and PDE6 inhibitory activities using the two-step radioactive assay. The PDE5 and PDE6 were prepared from mice lung and chicken retinas, respectively. All plant extracts were tested at 50 μg/ml whereas the pure compounds were tested at 10 μM.

Results

From forty one plant extracts tested, four showed the PDE5 inhibitory effect. The chemical constituents isolated from rhizomes of Kaempferia parviflora were further investigated on inhibitory activity against PDE5 and PDE6. The results showed that 7-methoxyflavones from this plant showed inhibition toward both enzymes. The most potent PDE5 inhibitor was 5,7-dimethoxyflavone (IC₅₀ = 10.64 ± 2.09 μM, selectivity on PDE5 over PDE6 = 3.71). Structure activity relationship showed that the methoxyl group at C-5 position of 7-methoxyflavones was necessary for PDE5 inhibition.

Conclusions

Kaempferia parviflora rhizome extract and its 7-methoxyflavone constituents had moderate inhibitory activity against PDE5. This finding provides an explanation for enhancing sexual performance in the traditional use of Kaempferia parviflora. Moreover, 5,7-dimethoxyflavones should make a useful lead compound to further develop clinically efficacious PDE5 inhibitors.     

Antifungal constituents of Melicope borbonica

Fractionation of extracts of the leaves of Melicope borbonica (syn. Euodia borbonica var. borbonica), a medicinal plant from the Réunion Island that is traditionally used for wound healing and other ailments, afforded an acetophenone (xanthoxylin) and two coumarins, scoparone and limettin, as the major constituents. All three compounds exhibited moderate antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Penicillium expansum, in accordance with the traditional use of the plant. Moreover, 2,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone (methylxanthoxylin), three other coumarins [7-(3-methyl-2-butenyloxy)-6-methoxycoumarin, cedrelopsin and psoralen], two sesquiterpenes (alpha-curcumene and 3,6-epidioxy-1,10-bisaboladiene), eugenol, methyleugenol and a lignan (sesamin) were isolated. None of the isolated constituents exhibited antiin fl ammatory activity in vitro. No alkaloids were detected.     

Plant antitumor agents, 21. Flavones, coumarins, and an alkaloid from Sargentia greggii

Investigation of the MeOH extracts of Sargentia greggii (Rutaceae) led to the isolation of two known flavones, zapotin and 5,6,2'-trimethoxyflavone, and a new flavone, 5,6,2',3',4',6'-hexamethoxyflavone (1), whose structure was established by spectral data and confirmed by total synthesis. In addition, two known coumarins, 3-(alpha,alpha-dimethylallyl) herniarin and seselin, and a new coumarin, O-geranylosthenol (3), have been isolated from this plant. The structure of 3 was deduced from spectral data. Although the crude extracts displayed KB activity, none of the crystalline compounds were significantly active.