民族药马蹄金薄层色谱鉴别方法研究

目的:建立马蹄金薄层色谱鉴别方法。方法:以β-谷甾醇为对照品,采用不同溶剂、不同展开系统进行薄层色谱实验研究。结果:以甲醇为超声提取溶剂,三氯甲烷-甲醇(35∶1)为展开剂,硅胶H板为固定相,分离效果较好。结论:该方法简便,快捷,专属性强,可用于马蹄金的鉴别。     

地黄不同炮制品薄层色谱鉴别方法的建立

目的:建立地黄不同炮制品的薄层色谱鉴别方法。方法:以D-果糖、梓醇、蔗糖、棉子糖、水苏糖、蜜二糖及甘露三糖为对照品,考察提取溶剂(水,20%甲醇,50%甲醇,80%甲醇),展开剂(正丁醇-甲醇-三氯甲烷-冰乙酸-水,乙酸乙酯-吡啶-冰乙酸-水,正丁醇-冰乙酸-水),显色剂(苯胺-二苯胺-磷酸溶液,茚三酮溶液),点样量(2,4,6μL),检视条件(日光,日光底部灯,365 nm和254 nm)对薄层色谱分析的影响,确定生地黄及熟地黄饮片的供试品溶液制备方法和最佳薄层色谱条件。结果:采用薄层色谱高效硅胶G板,以正丁醇-甲醇-三氯甲烷-冰乙酸-水(13∶5∶5∶1∶2)为展开剂展开,喷以苯胺-二苯胺-磷酸溶液,110℃下加热显色,于日光底部灯下进行检视,所得地黄不同炮制品薄层色谱分离效果和显色效果较佳,斑点清晰且特征性好。结论:该薄层色谱鉴别方法操作简便易行,定性特征明显、结果直观,可有效鉴别地黄不同炮制品,并可为熟地黄的炮制终点确定提供实验依据。     

飞扬草药材HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的:建立飞扬草药材的HPLC色谱指纹图谱.方法:采用HPLC以槲皮素、没食子酸及杨梅苷为对照物,Platisil ODS C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.05％磷酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL· min-1,柱温25℃,洗脱时间为60 min,检测波长360 nm.结果:检测了广东不同来源的12批飞扬草药材,确定9个共有色谱峰,相似度评价结果表明,各产地飞扬草药材相似度均＞0.90.结论:飞扬草HPLC指纹图谱可用于飞扬草药材的鉴别及质量控制.     

苦豆子凝胶薄层色谱鉴别研究

目的:建立苦豆子凝胶薄层色谱鉴别方法。方法:以槐定碱和苦参碱为对照品，以碘化铋钾试液为显色剂，优化不同供试品制备方法、展开剂、点样量等薄层色谱条件，考察不同薄层板、温度和湿度对苦豆子凝胶薄层色谱的影响，确定苦豆子凝胶剂的薄层色谱条件。结果:采用薄层色谱硅胶G板，甲醇溶解制备供试品溶液，点样量2～3μL,二氯甲烷-甲醇-氨水(50∶6∶1)为展开剂，薄层色谱图显示斑点清晰，分离度较好。结论:该方法操作简便可行、专属性强、重现性好，结果准确、安全可靠，可作为苦豆子凝胶的薄层鉴别方法，制定其质量标准。     

鸡矢藤的薄层色谱鉴别方法研究及应用

目的:建立鸡矢藤薄层色谱鉴别方法。方法:采用硅胶G薄层板,以氯仿-甲醇-冰醋酸-水(10∶4∶1∶1)为展开剂,鸡矢藤苷为对照品,采用薄层色谱法对不同品种和不同产地鸡矢藤药材进行定性鉴别。结果:鸡矢藤薄层色谱中,在与对照品色谱相应位置上显相同颜色的斑点。结论:该方法准确、简便,可为鸡矢藤药材的质量控制提供参考。     

肠炎宁片的薄层色谱研究

目的 建立肠炎宁片的薄层色谱方法.方法 采用不同方法及展开系统,以对照药材为对照,分别对地锦草、黄毛耳草、樟树根、香薷进行薄层色谱方法研究.结果 地锦草以正己烷-醋酸乙酯(5:1)、黄毛耳草以三氯甲烷-醋酸乙酯-甲酸(5:3:1)、樟树根以三氯甲烷一醋酸乙酯一甲醇(5:3:0.5)为展开剂,香薷采用聚酰胺薄膜以丙酮-36%醋酸(2:1)展开剂,均获理想分离效果,且阴性无干扰.结论 方法简便、快速、重复性好,可作为肠炎宁片的薄层鉴别方法.     

藏药喜马拉雅紫茉莉的薄层鉴别方法学研究

目的：建立藏药喜马拉雅紫茉莉的薄层鉴别方法。方法：以喜马拉雅紫茉莉对照药材,β-谷甾醇及胡萝卜苷为对照品,采用单因素试验方法,对影响薄层色谱的各种因素进行系统考察,筛选出最佳的薄层色谱条件,并对不同批次的药材进行鉴别。结果：筛选出了该药材最佳的薄层色谱条件,分别为硅胶G薄层板、提取溶剂（甲醇）、显色剂（5%硫酸乙醇溶液）、提取方式（甲醇超声提取）、提取时间（30 min）、展开剂（石油醚-乙酸乙酯-丙酮（5∶2∶1））及点样量（6 μL）。结论：该方法分离度高,重复性好,简便易行,可用于藏药喜马拉雅紫茉莉药材的质量控制。     

曼地亚红豆杉枝条中紫杉醇的提取纯化研究

目的:探索曼地亚红豆杉枝条中紫杉醇的提取纯化工艺.方法:提取阶段,对紫杉醇的溶剂提取、超声浸提和超临界CO_2萃取进行对比试验;纯化阶段,硅胶柱色谱及制备型薄层色谱处理提取物,正己烷沉淀结晶.HPLC检测试样中紫杉醇的含量.结果:超声提取紫杉醇的回收率最高,超临界CO_2萃取紫杉醇的提取选择性最好;硅胶柱色谱适宜的过柱次数为2次,流动相二氯甲烷.三氯甲烷一甲醇(53:44:3),薄层色谱展开剂为三氯甲烷-醋酸乙酯-甲醇(88:7:5),提取所得浸膏经过分离纯化最终得到淡黄色晶体.结论:产物中紫杉醇质量分数为87.43%,回收率89.57%,紫杉醇得到有效富集.     

复方消炎散中冰片和姜黄的薄层色谱鉴别

目的:研究复方消炎散中冰片和姜黄的薄层色谱鉴别,以提高完善复方消炎散质量标准.方法:采用薄层色谱法,在硅胶G薄层板上,以环己烷-乙酸乙酯(17∶3)为展开剂对冰片进行鉴别;以三氯甲烷-甲醇-甲酸(96∶4∶0.7)对姜黄进行鉴别.结果:TLC色谱斑点清晰,专属性强,重复性良好.结论:本方法简便、可靠、准确,可用于复方消炎散的质量控制.     

威灵仙类药材的薄层色谱鉴别研究

目的建立威灵仙类药材的薄层色谱鉴别方法。方法以甲醇为溶剂超声提取,采用硅胶G薄层板,以三氯甲烷-丙酮(9∶1)、甲苯-乙酸乙酯-甲酸(20∶3∶0.2)、甲苯-丙酮-乙酸乙酯-甲酸(16∶4∶4∶0.25)、三氯甲烷-甲醇-水(9∶2∶2)为展开剂,对威灵仙类药材进行薄层定性鉴别研究。结果在365nm紫外灯下,威灵仙与混淆品的薄层色谱图有明显差异,在相同的色谱条件下,各样品的斑点颜色、位置、数量和Rf值均有差异,且斑点集中,分离效果好。结论该方法简便、易行、专属性强,可用于鉴别威灵仙类药材。     

飞扬草混淆品通乳草的鉴别

本文对飞扬草混淆品通乳草进行了性状和显微鉴别,并与飞扬草进行了比较,为飞扬草的鉴别提供依据。     

Behavioral effects of Euphorbia hirta L.: sedative and anxiolytic properties

Lyophilised aqueous extract of Euphorbia hirta L. (Euphorbiaceae) has been evaluated for behavioral effects in mice. The extract did not induce any toxic effect when it was administered i.p. and orally. Sedative properties could be confirmed with high doses (100 mg of dried plant/kg, and more), by a decrease of behavioral parameters measured in non-familiar environment tests (activitest and staircase test), whereas anticonflict effects appeared at lower doses (12.5 and 25 mg of dried plant/kg), by an enhancement of behavioral parameters measured in the staircase test and in the light/dark choice situation test. These findings validate the traditional use of E. hirta as a sedative and reveal original anxiolytic properties.     

HPLC同时测定千金子不同部位中4种有效成分的含量

目的:考察不同产地千金子不同药用部位中4种有效成分的含量差异,为千金子药材质量控制提供依据.方法:采用HPLC,色谱柱为Apollo C18柱(4.6 mm× 250 mm,5μm),流动相乙腈-0.1％磷酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,检测波长280nm,柱温室温.结果:秦皮乙素、千金子素L1、千金子素L2和千金子素L3分别在3.23 ～ 162 mg·L-1(r =0.9998),3.02～152 mg·L-1(r =1.000 0),1.84 ～91.8 mg·L-1(r =0.999 9)和3.64 ～ 182 mg·L-1(r=1.000 0)线性关系良好;平均加样回收率分别为98.2％ (RSD 1.9％),99.8％ (RSD 2.3％),100.9％ (RSD 1.9％),101.9％ (RSD 2.5％).结论:该方法简便、可靠,重复性好,结果准确,可用于比较不同产地千金子不同药用部位的质量差异.     

超声-微波协同萃取法提取飞扬草中没食子酸的工艺研究

目的：建立超声-微波协同萃取法提取飞扬草中没食子酸的最佳工艺及其含量测定方法。方法：采用正交试验,以萃取率为评价指标,以微波功率、萃取时间及料液比为考察因素,各选取3个水平,考察没食子酸的最佳萃取工艺条件;用HPLC法测定,选用Hypersil ODSC18（4．6mm×250mm,5μm）,流动相：乙腈一0．5％磷酸（15：85）,检测波长：273nm,流速：1．0mL·min-1,柱温为室温。结果：没食子酸的最佳萃取工艺为微波功率350W,萃取时间300s,料液比1：50;没食子酸在0．56—3．36雌线性关系良好（r=0．9998）,平均回收率为101．7％,RSD=1．04％。结论：用此方法测定飞扬草中没食子酸含量灵敏度高,重复性好,样品处理方法简便可行。     

维药雪菊薄层色谱鉴别方法的研究

目的：建立雪菊的薄层色谱鉴别方法。方法：采用单因素法,筛选出最佳一维薄层色谱条件,结合二维薄层色谱法对17批不同批次的新疆雪菊药材进行鉴别。结果：一维薄层色谱采用聚酰胺薄膜为薄层板,以乙酸乙酯-丙酮-水-甲酸（7:6:1:0.3）为展开剂,点样量为1μL,展开距离为8cm,1%三氯化铝乙醇溶液为显色剂,在日光及365nm紫外灯下观察,斑点清晰,分离度较好。结果显示17批雪菊样品的主斑点与对照药材主斑点一致。二维薄层色谱的展开剂分别为乙酸乙酯-丙酮-水-甲酸（7:6:1:0.3）和乙腈-水-甲酸（4.5:5.5:0.5）,其余条件同一维薄层色谱法。结果发现17批样品主斑点一致,但不同产地的样品间微量成分斑点存在差异,说明二维薄层色谱法能够有效地区分不同产地的样品。结论：本研究所建立的薄层色谱方法分离度、重复性均较好,且简便易行,可用于雪菊药材的鉴定。     

Polyphenols from leaves of Euphorbia hirta L

Six compounds have been isolated from the leaves of Euphorbia hirta and identified as gallic acid, quercitrin, myricitriu, 3,4-di-O-galloylquinic acid, 2,4,6-tri-O-galloyl-D-glucose and 1,2,3,4, 6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose on the basis of physicochemical and spectroscopic methods.     

Antimalarial activity of 20 crude extracts from nine African medicinal plants used in Kinshasa, Congo

Twenty extracts including ten EtOH and ten CH2Cl2 from different parts of nine African medicinal plants used in Congolese traditional medicine for the treatment of malaria, were submitted to a pharmacological test in order to evaluate their effect on P. falciparum growth in vitro. Of these plant species, 14 (70%) extracts including EtOH and CH2Cl2 from Cassia occidentalis leaves, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta root bark, Euphorbia hirta whole plant, Garcinia kola stem bark and seeds, Morinda lucida leaves and Phyllanthus niruri whole plant produced more than 60% inhibition of the parasite growth in vitro at a test concentration of 6 microg/ml. Extracts from E. hirta, C. sanguinolenta and M. morindoides showed a significant chemosuppression of parasitaemia in mice infected with P. berghei berghei at orally given doses of 100-400 mg/kg per day.     

Euphorbia hirta leaf extracts increase urine output and electrolytes in rats.

Euphorbia hirta is locally used in Africa and Australia to treat numerous diseases, including hypertension and edema. The diuretic effect of the E. hirta leaf extracts were assessed in rats using acetazolamide and furosemide as standard diuretic drugs. The water and ethanol extracts (50 and 100 mg/kg) of the plant produced time-dependent increase in urine output. Electrolyte excretion was also significantly affected by the plant extracts. The water extract increased the urine excretion of Na+, K+ and HCO3-. In contrast, the ethanol extract increased the excretion of HCO3- decreased the loss of K+ and had little effect on renal removal of Na+. Acetazolamide, like the water extract, increased urine output and enhanced the excretion of Na+, K+ and HCO3-. The high-ceiling diuretic, furosemide, increased the renal excretion of Na+ and Cl-; but had no effect on K+ and HCO3- loss. This study suggests that the active component(s) in the water extract of E. hirta leaf had similar diuretic spectrum to that of acetazolamide. These results validate the traditional use of E. hirta as a diuretic agent by the Swahilis and Sukumas.     

A review of traditional remedies of ciguatera fish poisoning in the Pacific

Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is an illness caused by eating tropical coral fish contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs). The clinical management of patients with CFP is generally supportive and symptomatic in nature as no antidote exists. Of the many drugs prescribed, several have been claimed to be efficient in small, uncontrolled studies, but the outcomes of treatments with these medicines are often contradictory. In New Caledonia, traditional remedies are commonly employed in the treatment of CFP and of the 90 plant species catalogued as useful in CFP, the most popular herbal remedy by far is a decoction prepared from the leaves of Heliotropium foertherianum Diane & Hilger (Boraginaceae). Other important plants used in the treatment of CFP include Euphorbia hirta L. (Euphorbiaceae) and Vitex L. sp. (Lamiaceae). This review focuses on the evidence for efficacy of these species and pharmacological studies which support their use. Other plants used in CFP and the conventional treatment of CFP are also discussed briefly.