胺甲氧斑蝥素对惊厥大鼠脑电和GABAC受体ρ2 mRNA表达的影响

 目的 研究胺甲氧斑蝥素（AMOC对电刺激大鼠坐骨神经和青霉素（PNC协同诱发痫性放电模型的对抗作用及对皮层脑电图（EcoG、诱发电位（CEP和γ-氨基丁酸（GABAC受体ρ2 mRNA表达的影响。方法 建立电刺激坐骨神经和PNC协同诱发大鼠惊厥模型,丙戊酸钠（VPA为阳性对照,以惊厥潜伏期和Racine痫性行为学分级作为评定药效指标,RM6240C型多道生物信号采集处理系统同步记录惊厥大鼠EcoG和CEP,观察AMOC的抗惊厥作用及对EcoG痫样波潜伏期、发放频率、最高振幅和CEP振幅的影响。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应技术（RT-PCR检测海马区GABA_C受体ρ2 mRNA的表达变化。结果 AMOC和VPA均能明显延长大鼠惊厥潜伏期,减轻PNC诱发大鼠惊厥发作程度,明显延长痫性放电潜伏期,减少相同时间内痫样波发放频率,降低最高振幅和诱发电位振幅,与PNC模型组相比有显著性差异（P<0.01;PNC模型组GABA_C受体ρ2 mRNA表达量较正常组下降,有统计学意义（P<0.05;AMOC和VPA组较PNC模型组明显升高,差别有统计学意义（P<0.01。结论 AMOC和VPA均可对抗电刺激坐骨神经和PNC协同诱发大鼠惊厥发作,抑制痫性放电和诱发电位振幅,提高海马区GABA_C受体ρ2 mRNA基因表达量。     

氧化槐定碱对大鼠皮层及海马谷氨酸及γ-氨基丁酸免疫阳性细胞的影响

目的：探讨氧化槐定碱(oxysophoridine, OSR)对大鼠皮层和海马谷氨酸（Glu）和γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）免疫阳性神经细胞的影响。方法:采用免疫组织化学方法（SABC）和显微图像分析技术,检测OSR对大鼠皮层、海马谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸免疫阳性神经细胞的变化。结果:侧脑室注射氧化槐定碱10 mg,大鼠皮层、海马GABA免疫阳性神经细胞数明显增加,Glu免疫反应阳性细胞数显著下降(P<0.05)。结论:OSR引起中枢神经系统Glu及GABA的平衡变化可能是导致中枢抑制作用机制之一。     

食源性GABA对人体各系统的保护作用和机制的研究进展＊

γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）既是一种抑制性神经递质，也是一种人体内分泌介质。此外，GABA也存在于中药和食品之中。GABA在中枢神经系统和其他外周器官可以特异性地结合并作用于它的两类受体：离子通道受体GABA_A和GABA_C，及G蛋白偶联受体GABA_B，GABA与这些受体结合可超极化抑制细胞兴奋，启动G蛋白偶联受体信号传递通路，进而发挥抑制神经兴奋助眠、促进神经元及身体发育、精神松弛安定、全身细胞抗炎修复等多种功能。本综述聚焦于食源性GABA对于中枢神经、心血管、泌尿和消化等各系统功能的保护作用的基础理论和临床研究，综合论述了GABA在中枢系统及非中枢神经系统中发挥的改善睡眠焦虑、缓解高血压和糖尿病、抗癌、抗癌、抗过敏，保护肝脏、肾脏和小肠等脏器功能的药理作用。食源性GABA可能成为预防多种疾病的保健食品，甚至治疗疾病的安全有效的潜在替代疗法。     

酸枣仁总皂苷对失眠老年大鼠脑氨基酸类神经递质及受体表达的影响

目的：观察酸枣仁总皂苷对老年阴血亏虚证失眠大鼠脑组织谷氨酸（Glu）、γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）及GABA_A受体表达的影响。方法：将Wistar大鼠随机分为空白对照组（等容生理盐水）,模型组（老年阴血亏虚证失眠组,等容生理盐水）,阳性对照组（安定0.18 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）,酸枣仁总皂苷低、高剂量组（15,30 g·kg^-1·d^-1）。用D-半乳糖致亚急性衰老、环磷酰胺及氢化可的松致阴血亏虚,及自制改良多平台法剥夺快动眼睡眠（REM）48 h,制作阴血亏虚证候失眠老年大鼠模型。造模后各组灌胃给药3周,采用高效液相法检测脑皮质、海马部位Glu,GABA含量;免疫组化染色及RT-PCR法检测脑皮质、海马部位GABA_AR的表达变化,并考察酸枣仁总皂苷对这些指标的影响。结果：与空白对照组比较,模型组大鼠脑皮质及海马Glu,GABA含量显著升高（P<0.01,P<0.05）,且Glu/GABA增高;脑皮质及海马部位的GABA_AR免疫化学累积吸光度明显较高（P<0.01）;皮质部位GABA_AR mRNA的表达均显著上调（P<0.01）,经酸枣仁总皂苷干预后各指标明显下降（P<0.01,P<0.05）。结论：酸枣仁总皂苷治疗阴血亏虚证老年失眠的机制可能与减少脑内氨基酸毒性作用,下调大脑皮质及海马部位GABA_AR的表达有关。     

熟地黄对动物学习记忆障碍及中枢氨基酸递质、受体的影响

目的 :观察熟地黄对动物学习记忆障碍的影响及机理。方法 :采用氯化铝 (AlCl₃)拟痴呆小鼠模型和谷氨酸单钠 (monosodium glutamate ,MSG)毁损下丘脑弓状核大鼠模型 ,通过跳台实验和Morris水迷宫实验观察熟地黄对学习记忆的影响 ;薄层扫描测定脑组织谷氨酸 (glutanate acid ,Glu)和γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid ,GABA )含量 ;免疫组化观察大鼠海马N-甲基 D-门冬氨酸受体 1(N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptorone ,NMDAR1)和GABA受体 (GABAR )在海马的表达。结果 :熟地黄能延长痴呆动物跳台实验潜伏期、减少错误次数 ;缩短水迷宫实验寻台时间 ;调节痴呆模型动物脑Glu和GABA含量 ,提高NMDAR1,GABAR在海马的表达。结论 :熟地黄有改善AlCl3 小鼠和MSG大鼠学习记忆作用 ,作用机理可能与调节脑Glu和GABA含量 ,提高MSG大鼠NMDAR1,GABAR在海马的表达有关。     

淡豆豉中产γ-氨基丁酸微生物对产毒黄曲霉菌的拮抗作用和毒素合成关键基因mRNA表达的影响

目的 考察从淡豆豉Sojae Semen Praeparatum（SSP）炮制过程中分离的15株产γ-氨基丁酸微生物对产毒黄曲霉菌的拮抗能力并筛选出具有抑制产毒黄曲霉菌生长和降解黄曲霉毒素B₁（aflatoxin B₁,AFB₁）的高效拮抗菌,探究高效拮抗菌发酵产物对黄曲霉毒素（aflatoxins）合成关键基因mRNA表达量的影响。方法 运用平板对峙法与十字交叉法检测15株产γ-氨基丁酸微生物及其发酵产物对产毒黄曲霉标准株（简称：产毒标准株）生长的影响,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（ultra performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS）检测15株菌对AFB₁的降解效果,考察其对产毒黄曲霉菌的拮抗能力并筛选出高效拮抗菌;针对高效拮抗菌发酵产物分别运用菌丝干重法检测其对产毒标准株菌丝生长的影响,实时荧光定量PCR（real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,RT-qPCR）检测其对黄曲霉毒素合成关键基因（aflR、aflD、aflM、aflP）mRNA表达的影响。结果 15株菌及其发酵产物对产毒标准株的生长抑制率分别在15.88%～56.05%和25.74%～52.12%,对AFB₁降解率在2.74%～57.87%,表明它们对产毒黄曲霉菌均有一定的拮抗作用,并筛选出具有高效拮抗作用的黑曲霉菌Aspergillus niger（JC2）和枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis（Xd1）。当高效拮抗菌发酵产物加入量为2 000 µL时,JC2和Xd1对产毒标准株菌丝生长的抑制率分别为73.82%和63.34%,且能明显抑制黄曲霉毒素合成关键基因aflR、aflD、aflM、aflP的mRNA表达。结论 淡豆豉炮制中存在既能产γ-氨基丁酸又能明显抑制产毒标准株生长和产毒的拮抗菌,其拮抗作用可能通过抑制产毒标准株菌丝生长和毒素合成关键基因的mRNA表达。     

蜘蛛香对惊厥小鼠行为学及脑组织γ-氨基丁酸和甘氨酸含量的影响

目的:观察蜘蛛香提取物对惊厥小鼠的抗惊厥作用。方法:采用腹腔注射戊四氮(PTZ)建立小鼠惊厥模型,用蜘蛛香乙醇提取物进行抗惊厥治疗,观察蜘蛛香对惊厥小鼠的行为学及脑组织氨基酸类神经递质γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)和甘氨酸(Gly)含量的影响。结果:行为学观察表明,蜘蛛香提取物对小鼠惊厥潜伏期有一定延长作用、对惊厥率的发生无明显影响,但高剂量组能明显降低惊厥小鼠的死亡率。与模型对照组比较,蜘蛛香提取物还可显著提高脑组织GABA的含量。结论:蜘蛛香提取物对小鼠惊厥潜伏期有一定延长作用,可明显降低惊厥小鼠的死亡率,作用机制可能和升高脑组织抑制性神经递质GABA含量有关。     

针刺不同腧穴对失眠大鼠下丘脑γ-氨基丁酸和γ-氨基丁酸A受体的影响

目的:通过比较针刺不同腧穴对失眠大鼠脑内γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-aminobutyric acid,GABA)和γ-氨基丁酸A受体(gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor,GABAAR)阳性表达的影响,探讨针刺不同腧穴对失眠大鼠脑内神经递质的调整作用。方法:将70只大鼠随机分为模型对照组、空白对照组、"神门"组、"内关"组、"三阴交"组、"足三里"组、"申脉-照海"组,每组10只。大鼠腹腔注射氯苯丙氨酸制造失眠模型,各治疗组针刺相应腧穴。用免疫组织化学法检测大鼠下丘脑GABA、GABAAR的阳性细胞数。结果:同空白对照组比较,模型对照组GABA、GABAAR阳性细胞数及爬竿时间明显下降(P<0.05)。与模型对照组比较,各针刺组大鼠下丘脑内GABA和GABAAR阳性细胞数量增多,同时爬竿时间延长(P<0.05)。各针刺组之间比较,"申脉-照海"组和"神门"组的疗效明显高于"足三里"组、"三阴交"组和"内关"组(P<0.05)。结论:针刺"申脉-照海"神门"内关"足三里"和"三阴交"均可提高下丘脑GABA和GABAAR,针刺可能通过此作用起到安神镇静的作用,改善机体免疫能力,达到治疗失眠的目的。治疗失眠常用穴申脉、照海和神门的调整作用较好。     

γ-氨基丁酸衍生物的合成及抗惊厥活性

 目的：寻求具有抗惊厥活性,容易进入脑内的非毒性的γ-氨基丁酸衍生物。方法：通过亚胺键将γ-氨基丁酸接到一个亲脂性载体上,设计并合成了16个γ-氨基丁酸衍生物,测试其抗惊厥活性。结果：有6个化合物具有抗惊厥活性。结论：通过亚胺键将一个亲脂性载体接到γ-氨基丁酸上制成的衍生物可能具有抗惊厥活性。     

荜澄茄素治疗失眠症的药效及相关机制研究

目的 探讨荜澄茄素对睡眠剥夺小鼠的药效及潜在作用机制。方法 首先研究荜澄茄素对正常小鼠的促睡眠作用,小鼠随机分为对照组、地西泮（2 mg/kg）组和荜澄茄素低、中、高剂量（25、50、100 mg/kg）组,各给药组ig相应药物,记录各组小鼠的入睡率以及睡眠持续时间;免疫组化法检测小鼠脑组织γ-氨基丁酸A受体α1（γ-aminobutyric acid A receptor α1,GABAA）蛋白表达;氟马西尼拮抗实验验证荜澄茄素的作用是否与苯二氮类受体有关。然后研究荜澄茄素对睡眠剥夺小鼠的作用,小鼠分为对照组、模型组、地西泮（2 mg/kg）组和荜澄茄素低、中、高剂量（10、20、40 mg/kg）组,给予药物干预后,采用旷场实验进行行为学测试;LC-MS/MS检测脑组织中神经递质GABA、L-谷氨酸（L-glutamic acid,Glu）、5-羟色胺（5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT）、5-羟吲哚乙酸（5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid,5-HIAA）的含量;免疫组化及qRT-PCR技术检测小鼠脑组织GABAAα1表达。结果 荜澄茄素对正常小鼠的促睡眠作用研究结果显示,荜澄茄素显著增加正常小鼠的入睡率（P<0.01）,并显著延长了小鼠的睡眠持续时间（P<0.01）,显著增加皮层GABAAα1表达（P<0.05）;氟马西尼可以拮抗荜澄茄素对小鼠的促睡眠作用。荜澄茄素对睡眠剥夺小鼠的作用研究结果显示,与对照组比较,模型组小鼠活动量显著增加（P<0.05）,脑组织中GABAAα1表达以及GABA、Glu、5-HIAA含量显著降低（P<0.05、0.01）;与模型组比较,荜澄茄素组小鼠活动量明显减少（P<0.05、0.01）,脑组织中GABAAα1表达以及GABA、Glu、5-HIAA含量显著升高（P<0.05、0.01）。结论 荜澄茄素对正常小鼠和睡眠剥夺小鼠均具有促睡眠作用,可能通过调控GABAAα1及脑内神经递质GABA、Glu、5-HIAA的含量而发挥作用。     

The effects of ear-point stimulation on the contents of somatostatin and Amino acid neurotransmitters in brain of rat with experimental seizure

The goal of this study was to elucidate the anti-convulsion mechanisms of ear-point stimulation in rat with experimental seizure. We prepared the epilepsy rats by intrahippocampal injection of penicillin. One hour later the lower 1/2 auricular lobules of seizure rats, containing ear-points Pizhixia and Shenmen etc., was electrically stimulated, which was imitated as ear-point electrical acupuncture in humans. Radioimmunoassay and biochemical techniques were used to determine the contents of somatostatin and amino acid neurotransmitters in hippocampus of rats. The outcomes revealed epileptiform behaviors of rat were appeared after penicillin-injected. The contents of somatostatin, aspartic acid, glutamine and GABA were increased. When these rats were subsequently given the ear-point electrical stimulation, the convulsion behaviors were definitely improved. At the same time the contents of the somatostatin, aspartic acid and glutamine in hippocampus of seizure rat were significantly decreased correspondingly. The contents of glycine, taurine and GABA had increased. Based on the results above, it was suggestive that ear-point electrical stimulation had anti-epilepsy effects, which might be involved in the decreases of the contents of the somatostatin, aspartic acid and glutamine, and increases of the contents of glycine, taurine and GABA in hippocampus of seizure rat.     

痫愈痊颗粒对戊四氮致痫大鼠海马Glu,GABA含量的影响

目的:观察痫愈痊颗粒对戊四氮致痫大鼠海马谷氨酸(Glu),γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量的影响,探讨痫愈痊颗粒治疗癫痫的机制。方法:将70只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、丙戊酸钠组(200 mg·kg-1)、痫愈痊颗粒低、高剂量组(586,1 172 mg·kg-1),采用亚惊厥剂量戊四氮(PTZ)ip建立癫痫大鼠模型,在造模同时即开始给药,共28 d。行为学观察后取海马组织,采用高效液相色谱-四级杆离子阱串联质谱仪检测海马中Glu,GABA的含量。结果:59只大鼠进入结果分析,与模型组比较,痫愈痊颗粒与丙戊酸钠干预后发作潜伏期延长、惊厥持续时间缩短(P0.01);惊厥持续时间高剂量组优于低剂量组(P0.05)。模型组与正常组相比,海马Glu含量明显上升,GABA含量明显下降(P0.01);与模型组比较,痫愈痊颗粒高、低剂量组和丙戊酸钠组可明显降低海马Glu含量,升高GABA含量(P0.05,P0.01)。结论:采用亚惊厥剂量PTZ能够建立癫痫大鼠模型;痫愈痊颗粒抗癫痫机制可能与其降低海马Glu含量,增加GABA含量有关。     

Scalp acupuncture improves disordered behavior in the valproic acid-induced rat model of autism: 头针改善丙戊酸钠诱导的孤独症大鼠行为学及其机制研究

ObjectivesTo investigate the underlying mechanisms of scalp acupuncture treatment (SAT) on autism spectrum disorder (ASD).MethodsThirty male Wistar rat pups that had been prenatally exposed to valproic acid sodium (VPA) were randomly divided into the VPA, VPA+acupoint, and VPA+ non-acupoint groups using the random number table method, with 10 rats in each group. Ten pups who had been prenatally exposed to saline were assigned to the control group (CG). There was no intervention in either the control or VPA groups. In the acupoint group, “Shenting (GV24),” bilateral “Benshen (GB13)” were manipulated. In the non-acupoint group, the area below the costal space was stimulated. Acupuncture stimulation lasted for 40 min, with manual twisting of the needles every 10 min, 5 days/week, with 2 days of rest per week, for a total duration of 4 weeks. After the corresponding treatments, behavioral tests (including the open field, social interaction, and Morris water maze tests) were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effects. RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to detect the expression of neuregulin 1 (NRG1)/ErbB4.ResultsIn the open field test, the activity time spent in the central area in the VPA+acupoint group was significantly longer than that in the VPA group and VPA+ non-acupoint group (both P<0.05). The total length in the VPA+acupoint group was significantly longer than that in the VPA group (P<0.05). The number of bouts in the central area of the VPA+acupoint group was significantly higher than that of the VPA group (P<0.05). In session I of social interaction test, all experimental rats spent more time interacting with stranger 1 (all P<0.05). In session II, the CG and VPA+acupoint groups rats showed more interest in searching for new strangers, but the VPA+non-acupoint group spent more time interacting with stranger 1 than with stranger 2(all P<0.05). In the Morris water maze test, compared with the VPA group, the latency of the VPA+acupoint group was shorter (day 2, 3, 4, 5, P<0.05); compared with VPA+acupoint group, the latency of the VPA+non-acupoint group was longer (day 2, 4, P<0.05). The mean distance in the VPA+acupoint group was shorter than that in the VPA group (day 3, 5, P<0.05). The platform quadrant time of the VPA+non-acupoint group was significantly shorter than that of the VPA+acupoint group (P<0.05) (day 6). The VPA+acupoint group had more platform crossings than the VPA group (P<0.05), and the VPA+ non-acupoint group had fewer platform crossings than the VPA+acupoint group (P<0.05) (day 6). After SAT, the expression levels of NRG1 and ErbB4 proteins in the VPA+acupoint group were significantly increased than those in the VPA group (both P<0.05) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). The expression levels of NRG1 and ErbB4 proteins in VPA+non-acupoint group were significantly less than those in the VPA+acupoint group (both P<0.05) in the mPFC. After SAT, the expression levels of NRG1 and ErbB4 proteins in the VPA+acupoint group were significantly higher than those in the VPA group (both P<0.05) in the hippocampus. The expression levels of NRG1 and ErbB4 proteins in the VPA+non-acupoint group were significantly lower than those in the VPA+acupoint group (both P<0.05) in the hippocampus. After SAT, the expression levels of mRNA levels of NRG1-ErbB4 in the mPFC and hippocampus in VPA+acupoint group were significantly higher than those in the VPA group (all P<0.05). The mRNA expression levels of NRG1-ErbB4 in the mPFC and hippocampus in VPA+ non-acupoint group were significantly lower than those in the VPA+acupoint group (all P<0.05).ConclusionsOur results suggest that SAT can improve ASD-like behaviors in young rats in a VPA model of ASD. This may be related to its function in upregulating the expression of protein and gene of NRG1 and its receptor ErbB4 in the mPFC.     

Efficacy of ear-point stimulation on experimentally induced seizure

This study was to observe the effects of ear-point stimulation on electrocorticogram of sensorimotor cortex and behaviors of rats with penicillin-induced seizure. The model of epilepsy was by injecting penicillin into the hippocampus. One hour later, the lower 1/2 auricular lobules containing ear-points Pizhixia, Shenmen_Zeng and Nao, etc. as humans, or great auricular nerve of seizure rats, were treated twice with electrical stimulation (parameters of stimulation were as follows: electrical current intensity 0.14 approximately 0.2 mA, frequency about 80Hz, 30 min on and 30 min off). The outcome showed that rats appeared epileptic-like electrocorticogram and convulsion behaviors 5 min after injected penicillin. When they were subsequently given the ear-point or great auricular nerve electrical stimulation separately, these epileptic-like electrocorticogram and seizure behaviors were definitely improved. These anti-seizure effects could be enhanced with hour extension of electrical stimulation. If the great auricular nerve of seizure rat was severed before electrical stimulating ear-points, the effects of anti-seizure disappeared. Otherwise, the seizure rats given sham ear-point electrical stimulation (the experimental conditions were same as that of ear-point stimulation other than electric current being no applied) did not show any improvement for epileptic-like electrocorticogram and seizure behaviors. Based on the results above, it was suggested that ear-point electrical stimulation could cause certainly efficacy of anti-seizure, which may be relative with the great auricular nerve.     

茸菖胶囊对戊四唑点燃模型大鼠海马BDNF及其受体TrkB表达的影响

[目的] 阐明脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)及其功能受体酷氨酸激酶B(TrkB)在癫痫后认知障碍中的作用以及茸菖胶囊对海马脑源性神经营养因子及其受体TrkB的远期影响.[方法] 以戊四唑点燃大鼠为模型,随机分为中药组?西药组?模型组和正常组,观察致痫大鼠的惊厥发作次数?级别?潜伏期,采用RT-PCR检测BDNF和TrkB基因表达水平.[结果] 各治疗组大鼠与治疗前相比,均可减少大鼠的发作程度,治疗前造模各组的发作次数无统计学差异(P>0.05),茸菖胶囊治疗后,治疗大鼠的发作评分明显下降,与模型组相比,各治疗组的发作评分较低(P<0.05),茸菖胶囊组与丙戊酸钠组的评分无统计学差异(P>0.05).各组海马组织BDNF mRNA表达显示,模型组海马组织BDNF mRNA表达较正常组?中药组和VPA组明显增多,中药组表达较其他各组增多均有统计学差异(P<0.01).海马组织TrkB mRNA表达与BDNF mRNA表达趋势相同.[结论] 茸菖胶囊可以有效控制癫痫大鼠的发作次数及级别,其作用机制与调控海马组织中BDNF?TrkB mRNA的表达有关.     

Melatonin might be one possible medium of electroacupuncture anti-seizures

To explore the alteration of melatonin (MT) levels in pineal, hippocampus and serum during seizure crises and electroacupuncture (EA) anti-seizures, we established a rat seizure model by microinjecting benzylpenicillin into hippocampus. EA was performed on "Fengu" (DU 16) and "Jinsuo" (DU 8) acupoints in rats. Electroencephalogram (EEG) of rats was recorded and the relative power (RP) of 1 approximately 30 HZ band of EEG was analyzed. A capillary electrophoresis-electrochemical detection method was used to determine MT contents. Our results indicated that MT level was elevated in pineal and hippocampus, and first had no change then significantly evaluated in serum during seizure crisis. The elevation of MT level was greatly potentiated with 30 min EA treatment (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the degree of seizures and the increases of EEG RP induced by seizures were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Because MT was considered as an antistressor and a natural downregulator of epileptiform activity, we postulate that the elevation in MT level during seizures may be one endogenous mechanism that counteracts convulsions and seizure-induced stress. A further elevation of MT levels with EA treatment suggests that MT might be one of the possible mediums of EA anti-seizures.     

茸菖胶囊对幼年大鼠癫痫后NRSF和BDNF蛋白表达的影响

[目的]研究茸菖胶囊对幼年大鼠癫痫后神经元限制性沉默因子(NRSF)和脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)蛋白表达的影响。[方法]建立戊四唑点燃癫痫模型,分为中药高、中、低剂量组、西药组、模型组和空白组,用蛋白免疫印迹杂交法检测各组NRSF和BDNF蛋白的变化。[结果]幼年大鼠致痫后模型组海马NRSF和BDNF蛋白表达升高,中药高剂量组可显著降低大鼠海马齿状回NRSF和BDNF蛋白表达(P0.01),作用优于西药组和其他中药组。[结论]中药复方茸菖胶囊抗癫痫及改善癫痫后认知障碍机制可能与调控组蛋白乙酰化修饰及其所介导的神经元基因表达有关。     

百事乐加味方对脑卒中后抑郁症大鼠海马-前额叶皮层环路炎症平衡的影响

目的研究百事乐加味方(MBD)对脑卒中后抑郁症(Post-stroke depression,PSD)大鼠炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α含量及海马(HP)、前额叶皮层(PFC)组织NF-κB表达水平的影响,从炎症平衡角度探讨复方中药防治该病可能机制。方法采用MCAO+CUMS+孤养法复合因素建立PSD模型,记录大鼠每周体重;采用ELISA方法,检测PSD大鼠血清炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的含量;采用免疫组化技术检测HP、PFC组织NF-κB的表达水平。结果对体质量影响,与PSD大鼠比较,MBD组在应激第14、21、28天能够恢复模型大鼠体重,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01~0.05);对炎症相关指标影响,与PSD大鼠比较,MBD高剂量组明显降低大鼠血清中IL-1β,IL-6、TNF-α含量,明显降低大鼠HP、PFC组织NF-κB水平,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01~0.05);MBD低剂量组明显降低大鼠血清中IL-6,TNF-α含量及大鼠HP、PFC组织NF-κB表达水平,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与卒中组比较,MBD高剂量组明显降低大鼠血清中IL-1β、IL-6含量,同时降低HP、PFC组织NF-κB的表达水平,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);低剂量治疗组HP、PFC组织NF-κB水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01~0.05)。与抑郁组比较,MBD高剂量组明显降低大鼠血清中IL-1β含量,HP、PFC组织NF-κB的表达水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01~0.05);MBD低剂量组HP、PFC组织的NF-κB表达水平略降低,但差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 MBD能有效抑制PSD大鼠相关炎症反应因子,同时降低HP、PFC组织NF-κB表达水平,改善PSD大鼠脑神经功能,从而发挥治疗作用,是其抗脑卒中后抑郁重要机制之一。     

电针对炎性痛大鼠痛行为及颈段脊髓γ-氨基丁酸受体亚型基因表达的影响

目的:观察电针对甲状腺区甲醛致痛大鼠脊髓γ-氨基丁酸受体(GABAR)表达的影响,分析针麻行甲状腺手术的镇痛机制。方法:将Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、足三里-阳陵泉组、合谷-内关组、扶突组,每组10只。甲状软骨处皮下注射2.5%甲醛造成局部炎性疼痛模型,造模后10min给予电针。分别在注药前、后观察动物的行为学(擦面反应、热痛阈值)变化。行为学观察结束后立即取C1-C3段脊髓组织,用逆转录聚合酶链反应法检测大鼠脊髓组织GABAR亚单位A(GABAAR)、B 1(GABABR 1)和B 2(GABABR 2)mRNA表达水平的变化;用H-E染色,观察甲状腺区组织病理形态变化。结果:注射甲醛后5、40、70min,动物擦面次数明显增多(均P<0.05),热痛阈明显降低(均P<0.05)。电针"扶突"合谷-"内关"后,动物的痛阈明显升高(均P<0.05),擦面次数明显减少(均P<0.05)。注射甲醛后80min,模型组脊髓GABABR 1mRNA及GABABR 2mRNA的表达明显增加(均P<0.05),GABAAR mRNA表达稍增加(P>0.05)。与模型组比,足三里-阳陵泉组、合谷-内关组、扶突组GABABR 1mRNA,合谷-内关组、扶突组GABABR 2mRNA及GABAAR mRNA的表达均进一步上调(均P<0.05)。H-E染色结果表明,电针"合谷"-"内关"及"扶突"穴可抑制甲状腺区组织炎性反应的发展。结论:电针"扶突"穴和"合谷"-"内关"可明显抑制颈部甲状腺区注射甲醛诱发的痛行为反应,上调颈段脊髓GABABR 1mRNA、GABABR 2mRNA及GABAAR mRNA的表达,减轻甲状腺区注射甲醛产生的炎性反应。