组织多普勒成像技术对2型糖尿病病人心脏舒张功能的评价

目的应用组织多普勒成像技术(TDI)评价2型糖尿病病人心脏舒张功能。方法选择80例2型糖尿病病人为糖尿病组,同期80名正常健康人作为正常对照组,采用脉冲多普勒技术检测二尖瓣口血流频谱测量舒张早期峰值流速(E)、舒张晚期峰值流速(A)、E/A值,使用TDI检测二尖瓣环获取瓣环运动频谱,并测量其舒张早期运动速度峰值(Em)、舒张晚期运动速度峰值(Am)及Em/Am。结果与对照组比较,糖尿病病人E峰减少,A峰增加,E/A的值减少,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。与对照组比较,糖尿病病人Em减少,Am增加,Em/Am的值减少,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。对照组均E/A1,Em/Am1。糖尿病组,E/A1所占比例67.5%,Em/Am1所占比例91.25%。结论与测量E/A相比,使用TDI技术检测糖尿病病人Em/Am,可简单快捷、无创有效地评价糖尿病病人左心室舒张功能。     

组织速度成像技术评价糖尿病患者左室舒张功能的临床应用

目的探讨组织速度成像技术评价糖尿病患者左室舒张功能的临床应用。方法66例糖尿病患者分为单纯糖尿病组(DM组,36例)与糖尿病合并左室肥厚组(DM LVH组,30例)两组,设正常健康人38名为对照组。应用组织速度成像技术于二尖瓣环与侧壁交界处测量二尖瓣环舒张早期峰值运动速度(Em)与舒张晚期峰值运动速度(Am);应用常规超声心动图脉冲多普勒超声检查,测量二尖瓣口舒张早期血流速度(E)、舒张晚期血流速度(A);计算Em/Am、E/A和E/Em比值。结果①两组糖尿病患者Em显著低于正常对照组(P<0.01),DM LVH组Em又显著低于DM组(P<0.05);②两组糖尿病患者的E/A≤1与Em/Am≤1检出率显著高于正常对照组,而且各组应用组织速度成像方法检出率明显高于应用常规脉冲多普勒方法(P<0.01);③两组糖尿病患者E/Em显著高于正常对照组,而DM LVH组E/Em又显著高于DM组(P<0.01)。结论组织速度成像技术通过测量二尖瓣环运动速度可以评价糖尿病患者的左室舒张功能,结合传统脉冲多普勒测量二尖瓣口血流速度,可以提高评价糖尿病患者左室舒张功能的准确性。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征病人心脏结构及左心室功能变化研究

目的观察阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)病人心脏结构及左心室功能的变化。方法选取我院60例OSAHS病人为观察组;我院门诊健康体检者60名为对照组。两组均接受彩色多普勒超声检测仪检查心脏结构和左心室舒张功能,并测定每搏量(SV)、左室短轴缩短率(FS)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、心输出量(CO)。比较两组心脏结构和左心室舒张功能的变化。结果观察组病人左室舒张末内径(LV)、左室后壁厚度(LVPW)、左房舒张末内径(LA)、室间隔厚度(IVS)、右室舒张末内径(RV)、肺动脉内径(PA)、右房舒张末内径(RA)、主动脉内径(AO)指标均高于对照组(P0.05);观察组病人二尖瓣血流频谱二尖瓣舒张早期血流速度(E)、E/二尖瓣舒张晚期血流速度(A)、室间隔舒张早期运动速度(Em)、室间隔Em/舒张晚期运动速度(Am)、左室后壁Em、左室后壁Em/Am、二尖瓣环Em、二尖瓣环Em/Am功能均低于对照组(P0.05),二尖瓣环Am、室间隔Am、左室后壁Am均高于对照组(P0.05);观察组病人FS、LVEF、二尖瓣环收缩期运动速度(Sm)、室间隔Sm及左室后壁Sm功能均低于对照组(P0.05)。结论 OSAHS病人心脏结构发生明显变化,且左心室收缩、舒张功能明显减弱。     

组织多普勒显像技术评价高血压患者左室舒张功能的研究

选择轻、中度高血压患者139例，健康对照组33例，测定二尖瓣血流频谱E波速度（E）、A波速度（A）、E／A，并用组织多普勒显像（TDI）技术测量二尖瓣环侧壁收缩期运动速度（Sm）、舒张早期运动速度（Em）、舒张晚期运动速度（Am）及Em／Am。根据左室重量指数（LVMI）将高血压患者分为非左室肥厚（NLVH）组及左室肥厚（LVH）组。结果与对照组比较，NLVH组及LVH组E／A、Em、Em／Am降低；与NLVH组比较，LVH组Em、Em／Am降低。认为TDI技术测量二尖瓣环侧壁组织运动速度能准确评价高血压患者的左室舒张功能。     

绝经前后女性左室舒张功能超声心动图检测与分析

目的 通过多普勒超声心动图检测,评价绝经前后女性左室舒张功能改变及其意义.方法 随机选取门诊及住院的绝经前后女性受试者123例,其中围绝经期女性61例,绝经早期女性62例.于心尖四腔切面,应用组织多普勒成像(TDI)获得二尖瓣环附着处左室舒张早期及舒张晚期峰值速率(Em、Am),计算Em/Am.应用脉冲多普勒(PW)测量二尖瓣E峰及A峰流速,计算E/A.并计算E/Em.同时检测两组人群性激素水平,进行统计学分析.结果 绝经早期较围绝经期女性的E/A比值及Em/Am比值显著减低(P<0.01)、E/Em增高(P<0.05).结论 绝经后女性心脏左室舒张功能较绝经前显著降低,可能与绝经后女性体内性激素水平改变相关.     

组织多普勒显像评估有机磷农药中毒患者左心功能变化

目的 探讨组织多普勒显像评估急性有机磷农药中毒对左心功能的影响.方法 选择78例南华医院就诊的有机磷农药中毒病人,分为轻中度中毒42例和重度中毒36例2组,与我院同期体检的正常对照组32例进行比较,入院后行血胆碱酯酶、肌酸激酶同功酶、心电图等检查.应用组织多普勒显像采集标准心尖四腔心切面左心室二尖瓣环的运动频谱,测量六位点平均收缩期峰速度(Sm)、舒张早期峰值速度(Em)、舒张晚期峰值速度(Am) 、等容舒张时间(IVRT),然后用传统脉冲多普勒超声测定二尖瓣口血流速度参数(E、A),计算E/A、Em/Am、E/Em 、Tei指数进行对照分析.结果 (1)E/A、Em/Am 、胆碱酯酶:正常对照组＞轻中度中毒组＞重度中毒组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);(2)IVRT、 E/Em、Tei指数、肌酸激酶同功酶:正常对照组＜轻中度中毒组＜重度中毒组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而重度中毒组患者左心室Em/Am＜E/A＜1,IVRT较对照组延长.E/A 与Em/Am呈正相关(P<0.001).结论 重度中毒组患者左心室收缩和舒张功能均有不同程度受损.组织多普勒显像可准确、定量、无创地评价有机磷农药中毒患者左心室功能,较传统超声、心肌酶谱更可靠,对预防心脏并发症有一定临床价值.     

老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者右心室功能的评价

目的探讨老年性慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)缓解期患者右心室功能的改变。方法应用辛普森(Simp-son)法、彩色多普勒血流显像及组织多普勒速度显像,测定COPD组及对照组的右心室射血分数(RVEF);三尖瓣血流峰值速度E峰(E)、A峰(A)、E/A比值;三尖瓣环收缩期S波的峰速度(Sm),舒张早期负向E波的峰速度(Em),舒张期负向A波的峰速度(Am)及Em/Am比值;右心室Tei指数。结果COPD组及正常组之间的RVEF、E峰、A峰、E/A比值无统计学差异,Sm、Em、Am、Em/Am比值、右心室Tei指数有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论COPD缓解期患者右心室功能下降;三尖瓣环Sm、Em、Am、Em/Am比值及右心室Tei指数能敏感地反映右心室功能的变化。     

多普勒组织成像和组织追踪技术对正常人心室长轴功能评价

目的探讨正常人左、右心室长轴功能的变化,为临床心脏功能评价提供正常值参考。方法应用脉冲多普勒组织超声技术和组织追踪技术观察110名正常成年人二尖瓣环和三尖瓣环不同位点,收缩峰值速度（Sm）,舒张早期峰值速度（Em）、舒张晚期峰值速度（Am）、Em/Am比值和各位点位移（D）的平均值,比较不同年龄组多普勒组织速度和位移,分析其变化规律和特点。结果二尖瓣环各位点Sm和D随着年龄段的增加而显著降低,左心室前壁和侧壁Sm和D高于其它位点,二尖瓣环平均Sm与年龄和左心室射血分数（LVEF）显著相关;二尖瓣环各位点Em和Em/Am随年龄明显降低,平均Em降低的年龄段比二尖瓣舒张早期充盈速度（E峰）早;三尖瓣环Sm与年龄无关,Em和Em/Am随年龄而明显降低。结论二尖瓣环和三尖瓣环多普勒组织速度和位移随年龄出现不同的变化特点,多普勒组织成像对舒张功能变化比传统超声心动敏感。     

Rho激酶抑制剂对冠心病左心室舒张功能不全患者左心室舒张功能的影响

目的探讨Rho激酶抑制剂(盐酸法舒地尔)对冠心病左心室舒张功能不全患者左心室舒张功能的影响。方法选取82例冠心病伴左心室舒张功能不全的患者,将其随机分为法舒地尔组和对照组。对照组仅采用常规抗心肌缺血治疗,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上给予盐酸法舒地尔,均治疗15d,用组织多普勒成像技术(TDI)测量左房室瓣前后叶瓣环运动的收缩期运动速度(Sm)、舒张早期运动速度(Em)、舒张晚期运动速度(Am)及Em/Am以评价左心室舒张功能。结果与对照组比较,盐酸法舒地尔组的Em、Em/Am升高,Am降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论盐酸法舒地尔可显著改善冠心病患者的左心室舒张功能。     

多普勒组织成像评价高血压患者的左心室舒张功能

目的　探讨应用多普勒组织成像 ( DTI)检测二尖瓣环舒张期运动速度评价原发性高血压左心室舒张功能的价值。方法　应用多普勒组织成像技术对 5 6例原发性高血压患者和 30例正常对照者二尖瓣环运动速度进行测定 ,并与常规多普勒超声心动图检测结果对照分析。结果　根据二尖瓣血流 E/A比值分组讨论 :1E/A<1(弛缓异常组 ) ,二尖瓣环 Ea/Aa和二尖瓣血流 E/A有较高的符合率。 2 E/A>1(假性正常组 ) Ea较正常组明显减低 ,Ea/Aa和二尖瓣血流 E/A相比有显著差异。结论　 DTI技术检测二尖瓣环舒张期运动速度可用于评价高血压患者左心室舒张功能     

多普勒组织成像测定二尖瓣环运动速度评价急性心肌梗死后患者左心室功能

目的 :应用多普勒组织成像 (DTI)技术测定二尖瓣环运动速度 ,定量分析急性心肌梗死后患者左心室收缩和舒张功能。方法 :研究对象为 6 1例确诊首次急性心肌梗死的患者和 2 0例正常人。常规行超声心动图检查及DTI技术测定二尖瓣环运动速度频谱。记录心尖四腔、心尖二腔和心尖长轴切面多普勒组织成像二尖瓣环运动速度。测定二尖瓣环运动速度参数包括 :二尖瓣环收缩速度 (Sm) ,二尖瓣环舒张早期速度 (Em) ,二尖瓣环舒张晚期速度 (Am) ,二尖瓣环舒张早期速度的比值 (E Em)。结果 :与对照组相比 ,急性心肌梗死后患者DTI可敏感地显示出二尖瓣环收缩和舒张运动速度显著下降(P <0 0 5 ) ;E Em也有显著差别 (P =0 0 13)。DTI二尖瓣环收缩速度与二尖瓣环舒张早期速度之间 ,二尖瓣环收缩速度与左心室射血分数和室壁运动积分之间存在显著的相关性。平均二尖瓣环收缩期速度≥ 8 9cm s预测射血分数 (EF)≥ 5 5 %的敏感性、特异性分别为 88 2 %、70 % ,准确率为 81 5 %。结论 :DTI测量二尖瓣环运动速度 ,作为定量检测急性心肌梗死患者近期心脏功能状态的新方法 ,具有一定的应用价值。     

Triphasic diastolic pattern and delayed timing of myocardial relaxation identify dynamic changes of left ventricular filling pressure

The case reported concerns a woman with hypertensive emergency, showing triphasic diastolic pattern with mid-diastolic velocity both at transmitral inflow and at pulsed tissue Doppler-derived septal/lateral mitral annulus. In addition, the time from EKG R wave peak to annular early diastolic velocity (Em) onset was longer than the time occurring between R peak and transmitral E velocity. E/Em ratio was 14.6 and left atrium enlarged. After blood pressure fall and clinical stabilization, the triphasic diastolic patterns were again observed. However, the timing of early diastolic velocity was the same at mitral inflow and annular tissue Doppler. E/Em ratio and left atrial volume were reduced. The present report highlights the additional value of pulsed tissue Doppler to detect alteration of diastolic properties and dynamic changes of left ventricular filling pressure.     

Tissue Doppler Combined with Pulsed‐Wave Doppler Echocardiography for Evaluating Ventricular Diastolic Function in Normal Children

Background: The ratio of the peak transmitral velocity during early diastole (E) to the peak mitral valve annular velocity during early diastole (E′) obtained by tissue Doppler imaging correlates with the left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure in adults. However, the E/E′ ratio has not been established in normal children. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of age on the various tissue Doppler indices of ventricular diastolic function. Methods: The subjects in this study included 174 children with normal cardiac function. The left and right ventricular inflow velocities were recorded, and the peak of late diastolic flow velocities (A), E, and the ratio of E/A were determined. The following tissue Doppler indices were obtained: peak velocities of early and late diastolic mitral annulus in the left ventricular lateral wall (E’l and A’l) and in the interventricular septum (E’se and A’se) and those of the lateral tricuspid annulus in the right ventricle, E’r and A’r. Results: The E’l and the E’se increased with age up to 5 years after birth, after which they became constant. The E’r was constant after birth. The E’l/A’l and E’se/A’se increased with age up to 5 years after birth, after which they became constant. The E’r/A’r was constant after birth. The Em/E’se and Em/E’l decreased with age up to 5 years after birth, after which they became constant. The Et/E’r was constant after birth. Conclusion: The age‐related changes suggest age‐related alterations in left ventricular diastolic function. Right ventricular diastolic function is constant after birth. (Echocardiography 2011;28:93‐96)     

Assessment of left ventricular functions in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia by conventional and tissue Doppler imaging

The authors sought to determine left ventricular functions by conventional and tissue Doppler imaging in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia and controls. Peak early (E) and late (A) mitral inflow velocity, E/A ratio, E deceleration time, and isovolumetric relaxation time were obtained. Peak systolic velocity (Sm), diastolic early (Em), and late (Am) velocities were measured by tissue Doppler imaging. Interventricular septum velocities, including peak systolic (Ss), diastolic early (Es), and late (As) velocities, were recorded. Peak early (E) velocity, E/A ratio, and E deceleration time were different in both groups. Isovolumetric relaxation time was prolonged in patients with coronary artery ectasia than controls. Em and Em/Am ratio were lower in patients with coronary artery ectasia than controls. Diastolic early and Es/As velocities were lower in patients with coronary artery ectasia compared with controls. The authors showed that mitral inflow-lateral annulus and interventricular septum velocities were lower in patients with coronary artery ectasia than controls indicating left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.     

左室壁内缩短分数评价收缩功能及其与舒张功能相关性的研究

目的:探讨左室壁内缩短分数(mFS )评价高血压患者收缩功能及其与左室舒张功能的关系.方法:收集高血压组51例,正常对照组47例.分析临床特点,行超声心动图检查.收缩功能测定左室室壁厚度,左室内径,左室容量,测定射血分数(EF),缩短分数(FS)以及左室mFS.心脏舒张功能,取二尖瓣血流频谱,记录二尖瓣舒张期血流频谱,记录舒张早期(E)和舒张晚期(A)血流速度峰值.采用组织速度多普勒成像技术测定二尖瓣环室间隔侧和侧壁侧的舒张早期心肌运动速度(Em)和舒张晚期心肌运动速度(Am),取平均值.探讨左室收缩功能和舒张功能的相关性.结果:①收缩功能:高血压组与正常对照组比较:左室舒张末间隔厚度明显增加[(1.18±0.28):(0.95±0.13),P<0.001]、左室舒张末后壁厚度明显增加[(1.01± 0.17):(0.89±0.17),P<0.01]、左室mFS明显降低[( 18.0± 4.9) vs (22.3±5.9), P<0.01],而2组间左室EF和FS差异无统计学意义.②舒张功能:高血压组与对照组比较,二尖瓣血流频谱差异无统计学意义;组织多普勒成像显示,二尖瓣环Em明显降低[(8.22± 2.23):(9.91±2.52),P<0.05],二尖瓣环Em/Am明显降低[(0.72± 0.23):(0.98±0.26),P<0.01]、二尖瓣E/Em明显增加[(9.38±3.19):(7.45±2.10), P<0.01].③mFS与Em/Am显著正相关(r=0.55,P<0.001 )、与E/Em显著负相关(r=-0.38,P<0.05).左室EF和FS与上述指标无相关性.结论:左室mFS是评价高血压患者收缩功能的有力指标,与早期舒张功能受损有关.     

Peak early diastolic mitral annulus velocity by tissue Doppler imaging adds independent and incremental prognostic value

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to ascertain if left ventricular mitral annulus velocities measured by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) are more powerful predictors of outcome compared with clinical data and standard Doppler-echocardiographic parameters. BACKGROUND: Tissue Doppler imaging of basal or mitral annulus velocities provides rapid assessment of ventricular long axis function. But it is not known if TDI-derived velocities in systole and diastole add incremental value and are superior to the standard Doppler-echocardiographic measurements as a predictor of outcome. METHODS: The study population consisted of 518 subjects, 353 with cardiac disease and 165 normal subjects who had full Doppler two-dimensional-echocardiographic studies with measurement of mitral inflow velocities in early and late diastole, E-wave deceleration time (DT), peak systolic mitral annular velocity (Sm) early and late diastolic mitral annular velocity (Em and Am) by TDI, early diastolic flow propagation velocity, and standard chamber dimensions. All subjects were followed up for two years. The end point was cardiac death. RESULTS: Tissue Doppler imaging mitral annulus systolic and diastolic velocities were all significantly lower in the non-survivors (all p < 0.05) as was DT (p = 0.024). In the Cox model the best predictors of mortality were Em, Sm, Am, left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular mass, and left atrial diameter in systole (LADs). By backward stepwise analysis Em and LADs were the strongest predictors. After forcing the TDI measurements into the covariate model with clinical and mitral DT <0.16 s, Em provided significant incremental value for predicting cardiac mortality (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Mitral annulus velocity measured by TDI in early diastole gives incremental predictive power for cardiac mortality compared to clinical data and standard echocardiographic measurements. This easily available measurement adds significant value in the clinical management of cardiac patients.     

组织多普勒评价健康肥胖和超重女性心功能研究

目的探讨组织多普勒成像(TDI)技术评价我国健康肥胖和超重女性的左心功能。方法选择哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院心内科2006年8月至2007年8月健康肥胖和超重成年女性60例和106例及体检健康者50名,以TDI技术测量其在二尖瓣瓣环六个取样点的收缩期、舒张早期和晚期峰值运动速度(Sm、Em和Am)及Em/Am,并计算各指标平均值(MSm、MEm、MAm和MEm/Am)。结果肥胖组、超重组和对照组在二尖瓣瓣环各取样点Em、Em/Am以及MEm、MEm/Am均差别明显;肥胖组超重组和对照组在各检测部位Sm减低、Am升高,MSm和MAm亦有相似改变;超重组Sm、Am、MSm和MAm与对照组差别无统计学意义。结论TDI技术通过测量心肌组织的运动速度显示成年健康肥胖和超重女性左心功能已出现异常改变,其敏感性优于常规超声心动图,为肥胖和超重女性左心室局部和整体功能的早期评价提供了理想的检测手段。     

组织多普勒评价健康肥胖女性左右心室功能

目的 探讨组织多普勒成像(TDI)技术评价我国健康肥胖女性左、右心室功能改变.方法 选择健康肥胖成年人140例,其中女性80例,以TDI技术测量其在二、三尖瓣瓣环收缩期、舒张早期和晚期峰值运动速度(Sm、Em和Am)和Em/Am,并计算各指标平均值(MSm、Mem、Mam和Mem/Am).结果 肥胖组和正常对照组在二、三尖瓣瓣环各取样点Sm、Em、Em/Am以及MSm、Mem、Mem/Am减低,Am、Mam升高.肥胖女性体重增加心功能进一步减低.肥胖女性较男性心功能减低更明显.结论 TDI技术显示成年健康肥胖女性左、右心室功能已出现异常改变,为肥胖女性左、右心室局部和整体功能的早期评价提供了理想的检测手段.