深板层角膜移植治疗角膜病的临床观察

目的：评价深板层角膜移植治疗角膜病的效果。

方法：回顾行深板层角膜移植术患者5例6眼。使用新鲜同种异体角膜3例,进行角膜巩膜缘的大植片移植,用于蚕蚀性角膜溃疡1例2眼,边缘性角膜变性1例1眼。使用保存角膜3例,进行单纯前部深板层角膜移植,用于单疱病毒性角膜炎后角膜深层斑翳2例2眼,角膜皮样瘤1例1眼。术后随访18mo,观察术后视力、植片透明度和术后并发症情况。

结果：术前视力：HM/眼前～0.06。随访5眼最佳矫正视力明显提高(0.2～0.5),1眼植片中度混浊,视力(0.05)稍有提高。

结论：深板层角膜移植治疗角膜病具有较好疗效,容易在基层医院开展。     

板层角膜移植术联合快速角膜胶原交联治疗难治性真菌性角膜溃疡

目的：观察板层角膜移植术联合快速角膜胶原交联治疗难治性真菌性角膜溃疡的临床效果。

方法：选取2017-01/2018-11在江西医专一附院眼科就诊收住院行板层角膜移植术联合快速角膜胶原交联术治疗的真菌性角膜溃疡的患者18例18眼,对治疗效果进行回顾性分析。观察术后视力、角膜植片透明度的情况及真菌复发、移植片排斥、继发性青光眼、并发性白内障等并发症的发生概率和预后。

结果：术后18例患者全部保全了眼球,术后裸眼视力提高者16眼(89%),视力不变者2眼(11%),角膜移植片发生排斥反应3眼(17%),继发性青光眼2眼(11%),并发性白内障3眼(17%)。植片透明的患者为13眼(72%),植片半透明4眼(22%),植片混浊1眼(6%)。

结论：板层角膜移植术联合快速角膜胶原交联治疗难治性真菌性角膜溃疡能提高真菌性角膜溃疡治愈率,是一种切实可行的治疗方法。     

多来源角膜植片用于治疗性角膜移植

目的 探讨多种来源的角膜植片在治疗性角膜移植的临床价值。方法 应用因眼外伤和青光眼摘除眼球的角膜、胎儿角膜、捐献或死囚角膜以及眼库提供角膜28只眼施行治疗性板层（包括反角膜板层）或穿透性角膜移植或加羊膜移植共30眼,结果 感染性角膜溃疡22眼（真菌性12眼）中19眼术后感染控制,保全了眼球,12眼视力不同程度提高。8眼蚕蚀性角膜溃疡、角膜热烧伤、角膜白斑和角膜边缘变性近穿孔都获得健全的眼表,视力提高植片透明5眼。结论 寻找多个渠道获取角膜植片进行治疗性角膜移植,效果确切,可在一定程度缓解角膜材料的紧缺状态,对抢救近穿孔的感染性角膜溃疡,具有重要意义。     

角膜基质透镜在角膜溃疡或穿孔修复中的应用

目的：研究由全飞秒激光SMILE手术所得的角膜基质透镜作为角膜移植材料治疗角膜溃疡的临床疗效。

方法：回顾性病例研究。收集本院2017-01/06角膜溃疡患者6例6眼,其中细菌性、真菌性、深层异物伴感染各1例1眼,角膜穿孔3例3眼。采用由全飞秒激光SMILE手术所得的角膜基质透镜作为角膜移植的材料进行修复手术,确保植片与角膜层间无空气间隙。术后随访1～6(平均3.71±1.56)mo,观察手术前后视力、角膜移植物存活情况及术后并发症发生情况等。

结果：所有患者均在控制感染下顺利完成手术,无术中并发症。术后所有角膜植片透明。末次随访时,患者最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)较术前明显改善(0.48±0.12 vs 1.50±0.08),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。

结论：来源于全飞秒激光屈光手术的角膜基质透镜用于角膜溃疡修复是安全有效的,但植片的远期疗效尚需进一步观察。     

前部深板层角膜移植治疗偏中心角膜溃疡穿孔效果评估

目的探讨偏中心角膜溃疡发生穿孔的患者采用前部深板层角膜移植（DLKP）治疗的有效性及可行性。方法回顾性病例研究。总结观察2008年12月至2011年1月间,11例（11眼）多种原因导致的角膜溃疡穿孔、穿孔范围1．5～2．0mm且穿孔部位在瞳孔边缘到角膜缘之间的患者行深板层角膜移植术,其中2例是独眼。术后对角膜移植片透明率、视力、眼压、角膜内皮细胞数量、排斥反应、角膜新生血管以及溃疡复发等进行评估。结果随诊观察12～24个月,平均（17．5±3．7）个月。10眼角膜移植术后愈合良好（91％）,无双前房形成,角膜移植片除穿孔区混浊外余均透明,恢复正常角膜厚度;1眼下方角膜溃疡者（患有类风湿和药物过敏）术后在溃疡处出现双前房,愈合不良导致植片混浊（9％）。所有患者视力均有提高,术前视力：光感：3眼,手动：5眼,指数：2眼,0．01～0．05：1眼;术后视力：0．01～0．05：1眼,0．1～0．2：8眼,〉0．2：2眼。眼压正常。角膜内皮数为1862～2756个／mm^2,平均（2286±293）个／mm^2。未发生排斥反应,角膜溃疡无复发,未发生角膜移植片和层间新生血管化。结论深板层角膜移植是治疗偏中心小范围角膜溃疡发生穿孔患者的有效方法。     

深板层角膜移植术治疗病毒性角膜炎疗效观察

目的：探讨深板层角膜移植术治疗单疱病毒性角膜炎的临床疗效。

方法：对105例单疱病毒性角膜炎的患者行深板层角膜移植术。术后随访12～36mo,观察角膜移植片的透明度、视力及病毒性角膜炎复发情况。

结果：患者24例剥离角膜基质至接近后弹力层,81例中央区约6mm×6mm区域达到后弹力层。101例植床透明。术后视力均有不同程度的提高,最佳矫正视力>0.5者67例,0.3～0.5者35例,<0.3者3例。观察期内无病毒性角膜炎复发及排斥反应病例。

结论：深板层角膜移植术是治疗病毒性角膜炎的有效方法,对于视力较差发作频繁的病毒性角膜炎病例应早行手术治疗。     

感染性角膜炎的角膜移植术

目的 评价感染性角膜炎角膜移植治疗的临床效果.方法 采用深板层或穿透性角膜移植治疗真菌性角膜溃疡97例(97眼),病毒性伯膜炎21例(21眼),棘阿米巴性角膜炎3例(3眼),共121例(121眼).临床观察2～20月.结果 119眼角膜植片存活,治愈率98.35%;2例复发,复发率1.65%.结论 对药物治疗无效的感染性角膜炎及时行治疗性角膜移植术,是控制感染,挽救眼球,甚至恢复有用视力的有效方法.     

个体化板层角膜移植治疗蚕蚀性角膜溃疡

目的探讨依据蚕蚀性角膜溃疡病变形态施行不同形状的个体化板层角膜移植治疗的疗效。方法回顾性系列病例研究。2008年1月至2011年6月中山眼科中心确诊的蚕蚀性角膜溃疡患者26例（31眼）,根据溃疡累及周边部角膜范围和形态选择不同手术方式,分为新月形板层角膜移植组（14眼）、D形板层角膜移植组（7眼）、指环型板层角膜移植组（3眼）和全板层角膜移植组（7眼）。术后随访6～36个月,评价患者术后视力、植片透明性、角膜散光变化规律以及并发症发生种类。结果术后6个月最佳矫正视力为0．3～0．5的患者中,新月形板层角膜移植组3例,D形板层角膜移植组4例．全板层角膜组5例：最佳矫正视力为0．6～1．0患者新月形板层角膜移植组11例．D形板层角膜移植组3例,指环形板层角膜移植组3例,全板层角膜移植组2例。术后视力提高患者比例为54％,视力不变比例为40％,视力下降比例为6％。术后6个月指环形板层角膜移植组角膜散光最低,为（2．30＋0．40）D：D形板层角膜移植组散光最高,为（3．70＋1．03）D。术后主要并发症为植片上皮愈合不良4例（13％）,蚕蚀性角膜溃疡复发2例（6％）,缝线脓肿1例（3％）,植片排斥4例（13％）。结论依据蚕蚀性角膜溃疡累及周边部角膜的部位和形态施行不同形状的板层角膜移植,可以在切除病灶的同时避免正常角膜组织的损失,减轻角膜散光程度,恢复患者的有效视力。     

深板层角膜移植术治疗瘢痕期病毒性角膜炎

目的分析深板层角膜移植术治疗瘢痕期病毒性角膜炎的临床效果。方法临床诊断明确的瘢痕期病毒性角膜炎48例（48只眼）。均有不同程度及大小的角膜白斑和基质层的新生血管,部分患眼伴有角膜基质水肿,视力均低于0．1。术前给予积极的局部和全身糖皮质激素和抗病毒治疗,然后行深板层角膜移植术,术后随访2～48个月,观察视力、植片透明度、复发率及术中术后并发症。结果3只眼术中发生后弹力层破裂,其中2只眼行前房注气术后植片与植床贴服良好,1只眼术中改为穿透性角膜移植术,其余45只眼均接受深板层角膜移植术,手术均顺利,1只眼术后1个月更换角膜植片,3只眼复发未及时随访治疗导致植片浑浊血管化,经治疗恢复透明,4只眼出现上皮型免疫排斥反应,经积极治疗后植片恢复透明。所有术眼视力均有不同程度的提高,最佳矫正视力≥0．25者13只眼,0．12～0．2者15只眼,≤0．1者20只眼。结论深板层角膜移植术可以比较有效地治疗瘢痕期病毒性角膜炎,后弹力层的瘢痕和皱褶是影响术后视力恢复的主要原因,因此对于瘢痕期病毒性角膜炎应早行手术治疗。     

板层角膜移植术治疗真菌性角膜溃疡疗效分析

目的探讨板层角膜移植术治疗中、浅层真菌性角膜溃疡的手术适应证及临床疗效。方法67例（67眼）真菌性角膜溃疡经抗真菌药物治疗效果不满意者行板层角膜移植术,术后观察复发情况、角膜植片透明度及免疫排斥反应。结果术后随访6个月至2年,其中66例（66眼）术后有效控制了感染,植片透明,无排斥反应,术后视力提高至0.3-0.6。1眼真菌感染复发。结论板层角膜移植可有效治疗中、浅层真菌性角膜溃疡。     

穿透性角膜移植治疗重症真菌性角膜溃疡效果观察

目的探讨穿透性角膜移植治疗重症真菌性角膜溃疡的临床效果。方法对重症真菌性角膜溃疡10例(10眼)行穿透性角膜移植术,随访3~6月。结果术后10眼感染全部得到控制,8眼植片透明,1眼行二次穿透性角膜移植,术后角膜透明。术后视力均比术前提高。结论穿透性角膜移植治疗真菌性角膜溃疡可有效地控制感染,改善视功能,效果较好。     

角膜板层清创联合无缝线羊膜移植术治疗表浅真菌性角膜炎

目的：观察角膜板层清创联合无缝线羊膜移植术治疗表浅真菌性角膜炎的临床疗效。

方法：选取2012-04/2013-10在我院确诊的表浅真菌性角膜炎患者经局部+全身抗真菌药物治疗效果欠佳者22例22眼,采用角膜板层清创联合无缝线羊膜移植手术治疗,术中采用生物纤维蛋白粘合剂粘合固定羊膜植片。术后局部抗真菌治疗坚持1～2mo,随访3mo以上,裂隙灯观察角膜愈合、羊膜黏附等情况,共焦显微镜观察羊膜转归、真菌感染复发等。

结果：患者21例术后1～2wk角膜水肿、前房反应逐渐消退,未见羊膜植片脱落、溶解,未见羊膜下积液等; 2wk后羊膜植片逐渐与角膜融为一体,创面逐渐增厚,角膜上皮重建、透明度增加; 4wk后病变区逐渐瘢痕化,荧光素染色阴性; 3mo后角膜创面遗留程度不等的角膜云翳或斑翳,视力较术前有不同程度提高。其中19例术后4wk羊膜基本或完全吸收。术后1例真菌感染复发,经板层角膜移植后治愈。

结论：角膜板层清创联合无缝线羊膜移植可有效清除炎症病灶,提高局部药效,缩短手术时间,减轻术后反应,促进角膜愈合,是治疗表浅真菌性角膜炎的一种有效方法。     

Tectonic deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty in impending corneal perforation using cryopreserved cornea

We report a case of tectonic corneal transplantation for impending corneal perforation to preserve anatomic integrity using cryopreserved donor tissue. An 82-year-old woman exhibiting impending corneal perforation suffered from moderate ocular pain in the left eye for one week. After abnormal tissues around the impending perforation area were carefully peeled away using a Crescent blade and Vannas scissors, the patient received tectonic deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty using a cryopreserved cornea stored in Optisol GS® solution at -70℃ for four weeks. At six months after surgery, the cornea remained transparent and restored the normal corneal thickness. There were no complications such as corneal haze or scars, graft rejection, recurrent corneal ulcer, and postoperative rise of intraocular pressure. Cryopreserved donor lamellar tissue is an effective substitute in emergency tectonic lamellar keratoplasty, such as impending corneal perforation and severe necrotic corneal keratitis.     

不同受者同期分别接受同者的角膜移植五例

目的 为提高角膜材料的利用率,探讨将同一噶供者的二个角膜同期移植给不同受者的可行性及手术方法.方法 供者的其中一个角膜材料分别为1例角结膜恶性黑色素瘤,1例蚕蚀性角膜溃疡伴穿孔行前部分板层角膜移植术,并对1例大泡性角膜病变行深板层角膜内皮移植术.另一个角膜材料分别为眼烧伤后重度睑球粘连行全板层角膜移植和1例大泡性角膜病变行深板层角膜内皮移植术.结果 5例角膜病患者手术均获得成功,其中2例大泡性角膜病变患者术后1个月,角膜上皮水泡消失,角膜水肿减轻,内皮植片透明.1例角结膜恶性黑色素瘤患者,视力术前0.3提高至术后0.6,植片透明,角膜植床及结膜无色素残留.1例蚕蚀性角膜伴穿孔经羊膜移植联合部分板层角膜移植治愈.1例眼烧伤睑球粘连患者,术后1个月,睑球粘连完全解除,植片透明,视力由术前0.1提高到0.3.结论 将同一供者的角膜分别移植给不同受者,能充分利用供者角膜材料,方法可行,效果良好.     

化脓性角膜溃疡角膜移植术后感染复发的临床分析

目的 探讨化脓性角膜溃疡行角膜移植术后复发特征、治疗及转归。设计 回顾性病例系列。研究对象 2012年1月至2016年12月在北京市普仁医院因化脓性角膜溃疡行角膜移植术的292例（292眼）患者。穿透性角膜移植术（penetrating keratoplasty，PK）后者204例（204眼），板层角膜移植术（lamellar keratoplasty，LK）后者88例（88眼）。方法 对292例（292眼）患者中术后早期（3个月）复发的15例患者的临床特征、复发率、复发时间、复发表现及处理进行分析，分析复发的危险因素、复发特点及其处理之间的关系。主要指标 临床特征、复发率、复发时间、复发表现及处理。结果 角膜移植术后感染总复发率5.1%（15/292例）。PK术后复发率3.9%（10/204例），LK术后复发率5.7%（5/88例）。复发时间在4~90天，早期4~15天12例，平均（9.3±4.2）天，晚期16~90天3例，平均（47.0±30.6）天。复发部位：植床、植片8例，植床及角膜层间2例，植床、植片及前房积脓3例，植床、植片、前房积脓、玻璃体混浊3例。8例植床、植片感染复发患者中， 5例行PK术，3例行眼内容剜除术。2例LK术后角膜层间积脓患者行角膜植床碘烧，1例感染控制，1例再次复发，行PK术感染控制。2例植床浸润、前房积脓、玻璃体轻度混浊患者行PK术后感染复发，行眼内容剜除术。3例植床、植片浸润及前房积脓患者，1例前房冲洗+机化膜切除术后感染复发，行眼内容剜除术；1例PK术后感染控制；1例前部深板层角膜移植（deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty，DALK）术后感染复发，行眼内容剜除术。最终保留眼球7眼（46.7%）。随访3~12个月，保留眼球的7眼中，矫正视力＜0.02 3眼，0.02~0.1 2眼，0.2~0.5 1眼，＞0.5 1眼。结论 化脓性角膜溃疡行角膜移植术后感染复发的治疗根据病变部位及程度而异，多数患者视功能预后差。     

眼球爆炸伤的板层角膜移植治疗

探讨板层角膜移植治疗眼球爆炸伤的临床效果。方法 :对 2 0例 ( 2 0只眼 )眼球爆炸伤的病例施行板层角膜移植治疗。其适应症为异物及混浊斑块主要在角膜组织的中浅层、深层基本透明或深层混浊斑块不处在角膜中央的病例。结果 :2 0例病人术后全部眼部刺激症状缓解 ,18例植片透明 ,17例视力有不同程度的提高。结论 :板层角膜移植是治疗眼球爆炸伤的有效方法 ,适用于爆炸伤所致的角膜中浅层异物及斑块状混浊。     

Effect of Topical FK506 Used alone or Combined with Keratoplasty on Patients with Recurrent Mooren''''s Corneal Ulcer

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of topical 0.1% FK506 used alone or combined with keratoplasty on patients with recurrent Mooren's ulcer. METHODS: This is a retrospective interventional consecutive case series. Nine patients (15 eyes) with recurrent Mooren's ulcer were treated with topical 0.1% FK506 alone or combined with keratoplasty. Two eyes with ulcers involving less than half the corneal limbus were treated with topical 0.1% FK506. Of the other 13 eyes with ulcers involving more than half the limbus, twelve were treated with excision of the ulcer and adjacent conjunctiva combined with lamellar keratoplasty. One eye with a central impending corneal perforation was treated with penetrating keratoplasty. Topical 0.1% FK506 was given post-operatively to all thirteen eyes after re-epithelia-lisation of the cornea. FK506 levels in the surgically resected cornea and conjunctiva of the operated eyes were measured using enzyme immunoassay procedures. Twelve patients (17 eyes) with recurrent Mooren's ulcer treated with lamellar keratoplasty combined with topical 0.1% dexamethasone were taken as the control. The main measure of the outcome was the recurrence of Mooren's ulcer in the patients. RESULTS: Nine patients (15 eyes) with recurrent Mooren's ulcer were all successfully treated. Vision in 5 eyes improved by two lines or better after treatment. No recurrence was observed during the follow up period of 12 to 22 months. After topical application of 0.1% FK506, concentrations of 30 to approximately 350 ng/g of FK506 were found in the cornea and conjunctiva. Seven eyes of Mooren' s ulcer in the control group recurred during the follow up period. CONCLUSION: Topical 0.1% FK506 used alone or combined with keratoplasty is a safe and effective therapy for patients with recurrent Mooren's ulcer.     

Effect of FK506 eye-drop combined with keratoplasty on recurrent Mooren's ulcer

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of FK506 eye-drop combined with keratoplasty on recurrent Mooren's ulcer. METHODS: 9 cases (15 eyes) of recurrent Mooren's ulcer were treated with topical FK506 eye-drop combined with keratoplasty. Of the 15 eyes, two of Mooren's ulcer smaller than half circle of the limbus were treated with 0.1% FK506 eye-drop. Among the other 13 eyes of the ulcer larger than half the circle of the limbus, 12 eyes were treated with excision of conjunctiva combined with lamellar keratoplasty. One eye with a central corneal perforation was treated with penetrating keratoplasty. FK506 eye-drop 0.1% was given to the 13 operated eyes after the re-epithelialization of the cornea. The effect of FK506 on recurrent Mooren's ulcer was observed. Measurements of FK506 in surgically resected cornea and conjunctiva, and aqueous humor of the operated eyes were performed using enzyme immunoassay procedure. Twelve cases of recurrent Mooren's ulcer treated with lamellar keratoplasty combined with topical 0.1% dexamethasone eye-drop were taken as control. RESULTS: After application of 0.1% FK506 eye-drop, concentrations of 30 - 350 ng/g of FK506 were found in the cornea and conjunctiva, and no FK506 was measured in the aqueous humor. Nine cases (15 eyes) of recurrent Mooren's ulcer were all cured and no recurrence was observed during the follow-up time of 12 - 17 months. The vision of 5 eyes was improved more than 2 lines after the treatment. Seven eyes of Mooren's ulcer in the control group recurred. CONCLUSION: 0.1% FK506 eye-drop combined with keratoplasty is an effective treatment for recurrent Mooren's ulcer.     

Modified Allogenic Simple Limbal Epithelial Transplantation Followed by Keratoplasty as Treatment for Total Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency

Purpose: To describe a modified allogenic simple limbal epithelial transplant (SLET) technique with large donor tissue explants followed by keratoplasty.

Methods: A 69-year-old with conjunctival melanoma on her left eye developed total limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) after multiple cycles of topical mitomycin. She also had herpes stromal keratitis while on treatment with mitomycin. She underwent modified allogenic SLET with large donor limbal tissue explants glued on the cornea directly and the amniotic membrane placed over the limbal explants.

Results: Unfortunately she had recurrence of herpes simplex keratitis that caused worsening of stromal scarring and neovascularization. She underwent penetrating keratoplasty to improve vision. There were no postoperative complications and the corneal graft remains transparent 11 months after penetrating keratoplasty with 6/12 best-corrected visual acuity.

Conclusions: Modified SLET with large donor limbal explants followed by keratoplasty is an effective approach to restore corneal transparency in cases of total LSCD.     

Anterior Synechiolysis with Healon Needle and Ophthalmic Viscosurgical Devices after Anterior Lamellar Dissection in Penetrating Keratoplasty

Purpose: We described a technique to perform anterior synechiolysis with a healon needle and Viscoat® ophthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVDs) through anterior lamellar dissection in penetrating keratoplasty. Methods: OVDs were gently injected between iridocorneal adhesions with a healon needle to make a blunt dissection after anterior lamellar corneal dissection. Anterior synechiolysis at 360 degrees was completed with a healon needle and OVDs. Subsequently, the deep corneal lamella was cut with right and left Troutman-Katzin corneal scissors. 24 interrupted sutures were made with 10-0 nylon suture to implant the donor cornea. Results: In two eyes from two patients, with corneal opacity and nearly total anterior synechiae, clear grafts and relatively deep anterior chambers were achieved. Penetrating keratoplasty with anterior synechiolysis was thus successful with a healon needle and OVDs through lamellar dissection. Conclusions: Anterior synechiolysis with a healon needle and OVDs through lamellar dissection is a safe and efficient technique for keratoplasty in patients with corneal opacity with anterior synechiae.