2010年西安市城乡中小学生视力调查情况分析

目的：了解西安市中小学生视力低下状况,为开展视力低下防治工作提供科学依据。

方法：采取分层随机整群抽样法,抽取3 869名学生7 738眼进行视力检查。按照视力低下诊断标准,将所有观察对象分为正常、轻度、中度、重度视力低下,所有数据均用EpiData 3.1建立数据库及SPSS 18.0进行统计分析。

结果：西安市中小学生视力低下率为54.9%,以重度视力低下为主,随着年龄及年级的增长视力低下率明显呈上升趋势,女生视力低下率明显高于男生(χ²=63.19,P<0.01)。城市学生视力低下率显著高于农村学生(χ²=547.53,P<0.01)。

结论：西安市中小学生视力低下率较高,应及早采取有效措施以预防中小学生视力低下,降低和控制视力低下的发病率。     

玻璃体切割术联合内界膜剥离术治疗黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱落

目的：探究黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱落(macular hole retinal detachment,MHRD)患者应用玻璃体切割术(pars planavitrectomy,PPV)联合内界膜剥离术(internal limiting membrane peeling,ILMP)治疗的效果。

方法：选取我院在2013-12/2015-12期间收治的、符合纳入标准的MHRD患者78例83眼。根据患者是否应用PPV联合ILMP治疗,随机分为试验组(39例40眼)和对照组(39例43眼),对照组应用PPV治疗。观察两组治疗效果; 随访6mo后,比较两组患者视力改善情况以及手术前和手术后3、6mo的平均最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA); 并记录术后并发症发生情况。

结果：治疗效果：与对照组相比,试验组的视网膜复位率为92%(37/40),具有统计学差异(χ²=6.882,P=0.009); 视力改善情况：试验组的视力改善情况较对照组好,差异有统计学意义(χ²=14.216,P<0.001); 术后BCVA：试验组术后3、6mo的BCVA显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=7.119,P<0.001; t=10.573,P<0.001); 并发症：与对照组相比,试验组发生眼内压增高和视野缺损的情况较少,具有统计学差异(χ²=11.323,P=0.001; χ²=8.573, P=0.003); 晶状体混浊发生率无明显改变,但差异有统计学意义(χ²=1.835,P=0.176)。

结论：MHRD患者应用PPV联合ILMP术后恢复情况好,并发症发生率低,能更好地提高患者视网膜复位效果。     

上海奉贤东部地区65岁以上人群白内障患病率及手术现状分析

目的：分析上海奉贤东部地区65岁以上人群白内障患病率及手术现状。

方法：采用整体随机分层抽样方法。2015-01/12期间在奉贤东区四团镇、奉城镇对>65岁人群3 050名进行调查,采用统一眼科检查和问卷调查,其中眼科检查主要包括眼部裂隙灯显微镜检查和LogMAR视力表,了解接受白内障手术情况。

结果：受检者3 050名中,发现白内障1 244例,患病率为40.79%; 不同年龄的受检者患病率不同,随着年龄的增长,患病率不断升高。年龄组患病率差异有统计学意义(χ²=558.6,P<0.001); 男性和女性的患病率分别是31.06%和49.94%,差异具有统计学意义(χ²=112.4,P<0.001); 文盲(52.04%)与非文盲(38.76%)相比,差异有统计学意义(χ²=28.78,P<0.001)。接受白内障手术的患者为765例,手术覆盖率为61.25%; 年龄、性别差异不具有统计学意义,文化程度方面：非文盲盲人手术覆盖率明显远高于文盲的,差异具有统计学意义(χ²=39.72,P<0.001)。术后矫正视力≥0.3为脱残,术后矫正视力≥0.05为脱盲,脱残率为71.50%,脱盲率为95.29%,765只手术眼中,术后共29眼出现并发症,占总手术眼的3.79%。

结论：白内障是老年人常见的主要致盲眼病,上海奉贤东部地区老年人白内障患病率较高,虽近几年开展白内障复明工程以来,手术覆盖率有了一定提高,防治白内障仍然是防盲致盲工作的首要任务。     

先天性上睑下垂合并共同性外斜视的屈光状态及眼轴长度特征

目的：探究轻中度先天性上睑下垂合并共同性外斜视患者屈光状态及眼轴长度的特征。

方法：回顾性研究。收集2011-09/2021-02我院收治的轻中度先天性上睑下垂合并共同性外斜视(CPE)患者18例，轻中度单纯先天性上睑下垂(CP)患者19例和单纯共同性外斜视(CE)患者30例。比较三组患者屈光不正的患病率、弱视率、球镜度、散光度、等效球镜及眼轴长度。

结果：CPE组发生上睑下垂双眼发病共17例(94%)，而CP组单眼发病共13例(69%)，两组患者单双眼发病有显著差异(χ²=15.531，P<0.001)。三组间屈光参差及近视患病率差异有统计学意义(χ²_屈光参差=8.732，P_屈光参差=0.013； χ²_近视=6.047，P_近视=0.049)。CPE组屈光参差(χ²=8.072，P=0.004)及近视(χ²=4.555，P=0.033)患病率高于CP组，而CPE组与CE组之间屈光参差(χ²=0.559，P=0.454)及近视(χ²=0.055，P=0.815)患病率差异无统计学意义。CPE组球镜度(χ²=-31.143，P=0.002)、散光度(χ²=-23.434，P=0.028)、等效球镜度(χ²=-30.137，P=0.003)较CP组更偏向近视，眼轴(χ²=26.289，P=0.012)长于CP组，而与CE组无显著差异。儿童患者中CPE组的球镜较CE组更偏向近视(χ²=-16.831，P=0.016)，等效球镜较CP组更偏向近视(χ²=-18.391，P=0.020)。

结论：轻中度先天性上睑下垂合并共同性外斜视可加剧轴性近视、近视性散光和屈光参差的发生发展，较单纯上睑下垂更为严重。故早期行全面眼科评估并及时手术治疗可能有助于防治CPE对视力造成的损害。     

两种手术方法治疗绝对期新生血管性青光眼的疗效对比

目的：对比观察睫状体冷凝联合复合式小梁切除术与单用睫状体冷凝技术治疗绝对期新生血管性青光眼(neovascular glaucoma, NVG)的临床效果。

方法：收集我院2012 -02/2013-06间收治的82例绝对期新生血管性青光眼病例。随机分为观察组和对照组,各41例。对照组给予睫状体冷凝术治疗; 观察组患者给予睫状体冷凝联合复合式小梁切除术治疗。对两组术后视力、眼压和并发症进行观察。

结果：观察组患者术后6mo视力提高率为61.0%,显著性高于对照组(41.5%),差异有统计学意义(χ²=3.843,P=0.018); 观察组患者术后眼压显著性低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 观察组术后眼球疼痛、前房出血和角膜水肿并发症发生率为9.8%,12.2%,9.8%,显著性低于对照组的51.2%,60.9%,48.8%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=7.594,P=0.007; χ²=9.276,P=0.000; χ²=6.835,P=0.013); 两组球结膜水肿、前房渗出、浅前房和眼球萎缩并发症的发生率比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论：相比于单用睫状体冷凝术,睫状体冷凝联合复合式小梁切除术治疗NVG具有降眼压效果好、术后并发症少、成功率高的优点,值得推广。     

青海省西宁市学龄前儿童视力及屈光状态调查

目的：对西宁市的4家幼儿园共1 084名学龄前儿童的视力及其屈光状态进行调查,以发现超出正常范围的视力异常及屈光异常。

方法：横断面调查研究。采用整体抽样的方法,于2019-10在西宁市城东、城西、城南和城北分别抽取4家幼儿园总计1 084名3～6岁学龄前儿童,检查其裸眼远视力,并使用屈光筛查仪检查屈光状态。

结果：西宁市幼儿园学龄前儿童视力异常检出率为12.21%,随着年龄的增长视力异常检出率有增加的趋势(χ²_lineartrend=94.40,P<0.05),且不同年龄组间比较具有差异性(χ²=293.55,P<0.05)。屈光异常占检查总人数的6.09%,随着年龄增长,复性远视散光比例降低(χ²_lineartrend=1.79,P>0.05)。

结论：西宁市学龄前儿童视力异常随年龄增长而逐渐增加; 屈光状态以散光为主,其中混合散光和单纯近视散光比例最高,其次为单纯远视散光和复性远视散光; 随着年龄增长,复性远视散光屈光度逐渐降低,符合儿童眼屈光发育的规律。     

遮盖疗法联合综合训练治疗屈光参差性弱视儿童的疗效及对视觉敏感度的影响

目的：探究遮盖疗法联合综合训练治疗屈光参差性弱视儿童的疗效及对视觉敏感度的影响。

方法：选取2013-01/2015-01入我院就诊的屈光参差性弱视儿童85例85眼,所有患儿入院后均予以传统遮盖疗法联合综合训练,统计分析临床疗效及视觉敏感度变化,并分析治疗前后视力、AULCSF、S_max和Fr_max变化。

结果：传统遮盖疗法配合综合训练后,患儿视力明显较治疗前改善(1.12±0.29 vs 0.45±0.25),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01); 且AULCSF、S_max和Fr_max指标均升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05); 同一空间频率敏感度比较,治疗后明显较治疗前高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随空间频率的增加对比敏感度逐渐降低。不同屈光程度治疗后总有效率差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。轻度组和中度组临床总有效率比较差异无统计学意义(χ²=3.091,P=0.079); 轻度组和重度组总有效率比较差异有统计学意义(χ²=11.471,P=0.001); 中度组和重度组临床总有效率比较差异无统计学意义(χ²=3.359,P=0.067)。此外,就配戴眼镜年龄而言,6岁及以下开始配戴总有效率明显高于6岁以后(95% vs 77%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：屈光参差性弱视儿童采用非弱视眼每天4h遮盖疗法,并佩戴矫正镜,结合综合训练,可取得确切疗效,尤其是对于7岁以下儿童。     

超广角眼底成像技术在近视青少年视网膜病变筛查中的应用

目的：应用超广角激光扫描检眼镜(Daytona P200T)对小、初、高中学段的低、中、高度近视学生的周边视网膜进行扫描，了解其周边视网膜变性的患病率和近视屈光度等的关系。

方法：采用分层随机整群抽样方法，在绵阳市随机抽取2所小学、1所初中、1所高中，筛选出近视眼学生，按屈光度不同划分为低、中、高度近视。先应用Daytona P200T在自然瞳孔下行眼底图像采集，然后散瞳后由高年资眼科主治医师在裂隙灯下前置镜眼底检查有无遗漏。

结果：不同屈光度组间周边视网膜变性患病率不同，且近视屈光度越高，周边视网膜变性患病率增高(趋势χ²=75.76，P<0.001)。比较不同屈光度组间周边视网膜变性患病率：霜样变性(STD)三组间无差异(χ²=5.66，P=0.059)，格子样变性(LD)、蜗牛迹样变性(SD)、非压迫性变白(WWP)、囊样变性(CD)、裂孔(DRP)、色素样变性(RP)三组间均有差异(P<0.01)。进一步两两比较，除WWP(χ²=9.385，P=0.002)外，低度组与中度组比较均无差异(P>0.017)，低度与高度组两两比较均有差异(P<0.017)。中度组和高度组比较，除CD(χ²=8.525，P=0.004)和RP(χ²=6.454，P=0.011)，其余均无差异。不同学段周边视网膜变性患病率比较：小学段共34眼视网膜变性(5.7%)，初中段共90眼(14.9%)，高中段130眼(21.9%)； 随学段增高周边视网膜变性患病率增高(趋势χ²=64.79，P<0.001)。WWP患病率三组间无差异(χ²=5.63，P=0.060)，其它各组间患病率均有差异。进一步两两比较，除LD(χ²=6.209，P=0.013)和STD(χ²=9.953，P=0.002)外，小学段与初中段、初中段和高中段比较，均无差异(P>0.017)； 小学段与高中段两两比较均有差异(P<0.017)。

结论：青少年近视周边视网膜变性患病率与屈光度、学段成正相关。     

全视网膜光凝联合复方樟柳碱治疗糖尿病视网膜病变

目的：观察全视网膜光凝术后联合复方樟柳碱颞浅动脉旁注射与单纯行全视网膜光凝术,两者在改善糖尿病视网膜病变患者视力及视网膜病变上是否存在着差异。

方法：回顾分析在我院确诊的糖尿病视网膜病变患者,根据治疗方法分为两组。A组全视网膜光凝术后行复方樟柳碱颞浅动脉旁注射66例109眼。B组仅行全视网膜光凝术54例71眼。

结果：A组治疗3mo后视力提高率为66.1%,B组视力提高率为46.5%,两组统计学差异显著(χ²=6.78, P<0.01)。A组治疗6mo后视力提高率为68.8%,B组视力提高率为49.3%,两组统计学差异显著(χ²=6.89,P<0.01)。A组治疗6mo后糖尿病视网膜病变改善率为61.5%,B组糖尿病视网膜病变改善率39.4%,两组统计学差异显著(χ²=8.37,P<0.01)。

结论：糖尿病视网膜病变患者全视网膜光凝术后联合复方樟柳碱颞浅动脉旁注射较单纯行视网膜光凝术,能更好的恢复视力并改善糖尿病视网膜病变。     

ARMD与转铁蛋白受体基因单核苷酸多态性相关性研究

目的：探讨中国东北地区汉族人群中年龄相关性黄斑变性(ARMD)与转铁蛋白受体2(TFR2)基因单核苷酸多态性的相关性。

方法：选取200例ARMD患者(干性100例,湿性100例)和100名健康志愿者(对照组),采集所有研究对象的外周静脉血并以EDTA抗凝处理,提取基因组DNA,根据相关文献提供的引物序列,扩增TFR2基因多态性位点rs2075674,进行聚合酶链式反应(PCR)。比较各组间的基因型频率,并按照Hardy-Weinberg平衡原理确定样本的群体代表性。

结果：TFR2基因的多态性位点rs2075674 ARMD组与对照组比较有差异(χ²=6.494,P=0.011); 湿性ARMD组与对照组比较有差异(χ²=11.054,P=0.001),而干性ARMD组与对照组无差异(χ²=1.418,P=0.234)。

结论：中国东北地区汉族人群中TFR2基因多态性rs2075674与ARMD具有相关性,且与湿性ARMD相关性较大。     

如何发挥眼保健在心脑血管疾病防治中的作用?

眼底视网膜检查为非侵入性、直接观察系统性微血管改变的唯一途径，国外多项流行病调查及队列研究证实，视网膜微血管改变及其视网膜病变为预测心脑血管疾病的发生、发展、治疗效果及预后提供了重要的临床指标。对社区人群采用数码眼底照相的筛查模式，不仅能对可预防盲的眼病（青光眼、糖尿病视网膜病变）进行筛查，而且结合高血压、高血糖、高血脂，检测视网膜微血管改变，对心脑血管疾病进行预测。此筛查模式费用低、效率高，受到社区医院欢迎，具有推广前景。     

Scotopic visual pigment composition in the retinas and vitamins A in the pigment epithelium of the goldfish

Recently, the retinas of goldfish from Grassyfork Fisheries (Martinsville, Indiana 46151, U.S.A.) were reported to possess a rhodopsin with an absorbance maximum at 499 nm, in addition to the known porphyropsin. Rhodopsin and porphyropsin are visual pigments respectively derived from the conjugation of vitamin A₁ aldehyde (retinal) and vitamin A₂ aldehyde (3-dehydroretinal) to a species-specific opsin. In this study, goldfish from a different supplier (Ozark Fisheries, Stoutland, Missouri 65567, U.S.A.) were also confirmed to possess a rhodopsin with an absorbance maximum at 499 nm. In addition, this paper describes how external factors (photoperiod, light intensity, temperature and exogenous thyroxine) affected the composition of these visual pigments in the goldfish retinas and the vitamins A (retinol/3-dehydroretinol) in their pigment epithelium.After 50 days of acclimation, constant illumination (at 30°C with a 7·5 W incandescent light bulb) and constant darkness (at 30°C) both favored high proportions of porphyropsin (more than 85%) whereas fish held under a 16L/8D cycle (at 30°C with a 7·5 W light bulb) had predominately rhodopsin (less than 10% porphyropsin). Testing at 16L/8D and 30°C, light intensities higher and lower than the equivalent of a 7·5 W bulb (i.e. 6×10¹³ photons/cm²-sec, 400–750 nm, measured at water surface) both favored significantly higher proportions of porphyropsin. Lower water temperature (10°C and 20°C) or the introduction of thyroxine to the tank water (at a concentration of 100 μg l-thyroxine per liter tank water) also resulted in significantly higher proportions of porphyropsin.Despite the influence of these external factors on the visual pigment composition in the goldfish retinas, the vitamins A (retinol and 3-dehydroretinol) in their pigment epithelium remained predominately 3-dehydroretinol. Although the rhodopsin dominated retinas were always associated with pigment epithelium of slightly lowered 3-dehydroretinol proportions, these results do not agree with previous reports on other species where the proportions of retinol and 3-dehydroretinol mirrored the ratios of rhodopsin to porphyropsin.     

Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina. Early findings

Examination of two sisters ages 2 years 10 months and 6 years four months with gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina provided an opportunity for detailed clinical investigation. Although the chorioretinal lesions were confined to the peripheral retina in the older case and were quite minimal in the younger case, there was electroretinographic evidence of marked involvement of the cone and rod systems. These cases offer an opportunity to assess an arginine restricted diet in preventing the progress of the disease.     

视觉眼电图慢,快振荡电位诊断指标参数稳定性研究

目的通过对慢振荡、快振荡电位诊断指标的变异系数的比较研究，明确慢、快振荡电位诊断指标的参数稳定性。方法随机选取正常志愿者30人，分别记录慢、快振荡电位，获得慢振荡电位十项诊断指标及快振荡电位三项诊断指标的均数及标准差，计算它们的变异系数。结果慢振荡电位的十项诊断指标中，以QArden的变异系数最小。快振荡电位的三项诊断指标中，P／TRatio的变异系数为6.2％，相位值的变异系数为7.0％，显著小于慢振荡电位诊断指标的变异系数。结论慢、快振荡电位的诊断指标中，比值的变异系数均较小，其中QArden、P／TRatio、相位值的变异系数为小，但比值作为诊断指标有一定的局限性，因此，相位值是一个参数稳定性较好的指标。     

Influence of age, gender and iris color on mechanical and chemical sensitivity of the cornea and conjunctiva

The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of age, gender and iris color on the mechanical and chemical sensitivity of the cornea and the conjunctiva. In 57 healthy subjects (27 males, 30 females; ages between 23 and 71 years), sensory thresholds to mechanical and chemical stimulation were measured in the central cornea and the temporal conjunctiva using a Belmonte's gas esthesiometer. Mechanical stimulation consisted of warmed air pulses of 3s duration at different flow rates (40-200 ml/min). For chemical (acidic) stimulation, 3-s warmed gas pulses containing 10% to 80% CO(2) in air were applied, at a flow below mechanical threshold flow. Corneal and conjunctival thresholds to mechanical and chemical stimuli increased with age. Premenopausal women were more sensitive to corneal stimulation than men of similar ages but overall differences in mechanical and chemical threshold between men and women were not significant. Individuals with blue eyes had significantly lower corneal chemical thresholds than those with brown or green eyes. Multiple linear regression analysis evidenced that corneal mechanical threshold depends on age and iris color according to the equation 58.2 ml/min+1.3.(Age-23 years)-9.7 if blue eyes. For chemical threshold, the equation was 28.6%CO(2)+05.(Age-23 years)-12.5 if blue eyes. In the case of the conjunctiva, only age determined mechanical and chemical thresholds according to the equations: 78.2 ml/min+1.4.(Age-23 years) and 41.6%CO(2)+0.8.(Age-23 years), respectively. Therefore, normal values of mechanical and chemical thresholds of the cornea and conjunctiva measured with the Belmonte gas esthesiometer can be predicted according to age and iris color. Variations of sensitivity with age, iris color and gender may reflect differences in innervation density and neural responsiveness associated with the hormonal status.     

航天科技人员干眼相关因素的调查分析及健康指导

目的:调查分析航天科技人员干眼的发病情况及相关影响因素,并根据研究结果指导其用眼卫生,改善生活工作习惯,从而加强眼部健康。方法:对2013-09/2014-06于我院体检中心进行健康体检的在职航天科技人员经过初筛,针对有干眼常见症状者进行问卷调查评分及客观临床检查。临床检查包括基础泪液分泌量检测(SchirmerⅠ)、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)测定、角结膜荧光素染色(FL),以确诊干眼。结果:在随机发放的1 000份调查问卷中有干眼主诉症状者606例(60.6%),经检查后确诊干眼的为432例(43.2%);干眼在航天科技人员主诉人群中的阳性率为71.3%;航天科技人员干眼病患病人数较多,病因除性别、年龄外,还与空调、暖气、视频终端、睡眠时间等多种影响因素密切相关。结论:干眼已逐渐成为一种流行性疾病,其症状表现多样,病因复杂,航天科技人员干眼的致病因素主要与其工作环境及方式、局部因素有关,因此应引起足够重视,根据导致干眼的不同因素给予相应的健康指导,以减少干眼的发生及控制干眼的症状。同时在眼科体检中也应把干眼筛查相关的系列检查作为常规检查项目。     

预测模型在儿童青少年近视防控中的应用进展

在医学研究中,预测模型已被广泛用于预测疾病进展和提前确定高危人群,特别是在慢性疾病的预防和诊断方面。在眼科,年龄相关性黄斑变性、糖尿病视网膜病变等眼底疾病的预测及诊断模型已经证明了专家水平的准确性。但在近视防控领域,预测模型的应用还处在探索阶段,其建立有助于提前发现近视高危人群,以便及时采取足够的户外活动、减少近距离工作等预防措施,对预防或减缓近视发生发展进程具有重要意义。由于近视发生发展的机制尚未完全阐明,预测模型应用对象、预测因子及预测结局的选择尚存在挑战和限制。本文将就不同类型近视预测模型的研究和应用进展予以综述,以期为其进一步开发和完善提供参考。     

Publication and citation analysis of the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Ophthalmology and Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology over a 10‐year period: the evolution of an ophthalmology journal

Purpose: To analyse the pattern of change in publication content and citations generated by a mid‐ranking ophthalmology journal as it evolved from the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Ophthalmology (ANZJO) to its successor, Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology (CEO). Methods: The Science Citation Index was used to analyse the publications of ANZJO and CEO over two 10‐year periods (1990–1999 and 2000–2009, respectively). Publication and citation patterns were analysed in terms of source authors, institutions and countries. As a secondary measure, journal impact factors (JIFs) were retrieved from the Journal Citation Reports at the end of each period. Results: Over the specified periods, 859 articles published in ANZJO were cited 1210 times, and 1529 articles published in CEO were cited 5374 times. Australia was the largest contributing country to both journals; however, the proportional contributions from other countries including New Zealand, UK, USA, India and China increased significantly in CEO. Articles were cited by authors from 793 institutions in 60 countries for ANZJO and 2997 institutions in 95 countries for CEO. The contribution by key authors (identified as the top 10 most‐published authors) towards total journal publications was 24% in ANZJO, but only 16% in CEO; however, these publications were responsible for 26.6% and 28.8% of the total citations, respectively. With respect to the most recent JIFs, ANZJO was 0.433 in 1999 (ranked 33 of 43 journals) and CEO was 1.35 in 2008 (ranked 27 of 48 journals). Conclusion: CEO has substantially increased the number of publications, citation counts and international sources compared with its well‐established predecessor, ANZJO, over the assessed periods. CEO also appears to have a higher international profile with increasing citations counts from more countries. This evolution from a regional, to a more international, journal has been substantial and is reflected by a significant increment in JIF, and a modest increase in overall JIF‐ranking, for CEO.     

新鲜与干燥胎儿角巩膜板层移植术远期疗效的比较

４５例（４６眼）采用新鲜与干燥的胎儿角膜、巩膜作板层移植术，其中新鲜组１９例（２０眼），存活１９眼，脱落１眼；干燥组２６例（２６眼），存活２６眼，总有效率９８％。术后２～３年随访比较，两者均具有良好的透明性，视力有不同程度提高，在相同病种其免疫排斥反应程度无显著差异，在治疗效果上具有同等价值。     

正常及白内障猕猴眼组织结构的研究

目的检测正常及白内障猕猴眼的组织结构,以供进一步的研究。方法40只猕猴眼(14只白内障)行裂隙灯、检眼镜、眼压检查,测量角膜的大小和房水量及细胞计数。摘除的眼球分别作火棉胶和石蜡包埋,光学显微镜下观察。结果猕猴眼球的前后径为(21. 0±0. 72)mm、水平径(20. 2±0. 69)mm、垂直径(19. 6±0. 71)mm。其角膜大小及眼压基本同人类。房水量平均为(180±0.028)μl,房水中无细胞。正常猕猴眼内组织结构与人眼有些差异。猕猴白内障的形态和病理改变同人眼。结论作为高等动物,尤其进行临床前的实验研究,猕猴是最理想的动物模型。