北京顺义区35～70岁农村居民社区卫生服务需求调查

目的了解顺义区农村社区卫生服务现状和居民对社区卫生服务的需求。方法自行设计农村居民社区卫生服务需求调查表,对年龄在35～70岁的农村居民进行调查。结果农村居民医疗服务知晓率和接受过医疗服务的比率为≥92.8%,97.5%的居民认为最需要的社区卫生服务为常见慢性病防治;最近1年的体检率为49.5%,86.4%的居民愿意参加社区每年一次的常规体检,可接受的费用为22.9元;农村居民喜欢的健康教育传播方式为电视、医生和广播,最需要的卫生保健知识为慢性病防治和健康饮食;有58.9%居民愿意参加综合健康管理服务,可接受的费用为40元。结论顺义区农村社区卫生服务以医疗服务为主,与农村居民对慢性病防治的迫切卫生服务需求存在较大差距,应采取有效措施,确保农村社区卫生服务落实其预防保健服务职能。     

农村居民电子健康档案建立

目的探索农村居民电子健康档案数据的采集及应用,分析农村地区建立电子健康档案的方法及困难。方法以四川省偏远农村为试点,采用集中筛查与补充检查相结合的方式,创建农村居民电子健康档案。结果在布拖县完成10 067名农村居民完成体检及健康相关调查,并建立居民电子健康档案。结论创建农村居民电子健康档案对建立健全医疗卫生网络,提高医疗卫生服务质量,整合卫生资源等方面有积极作用,并对创建农村居民电子档案存在问题提出对策。     

农村居民健康体检指南(T/CHAA 005-2019)

本标准规定了开展农村居民健康体检的原则、机构要求、检查项目、服务模式、数据的管理和利用要求,适用于在国家有关法律、法规规定下开展15岁及以上农村居民健康体检的规范化管理。     

北京市门头沟区农村居民健康状况及健康需求现况调查

目的了解门头沟区农村居民健康状况及健康需求,分析门头沟区农村居民目前存在的主要健康问题。方法采用北京市健康教育所设计的调查问卷,按照等距抽样原则,抽取900名农村居民进行问卷调查。结果除厕所卫生条件外农村居民卫生保健状况较好,调查比例均在70%以上,农村居民总吸烟率为38.9%,47.6%的农村居民做过健康体检,83.7%的农村居民去年没有患病,农村居民对慢性病知识的需求占44.9%。结论改善农村居民的厕所卫生条件,加强控烟工作力度,提高农村居民体育锻炼和健康体检的积极性,增强农村居民对隐患疾病的认识,以及有针对性地开展疾病相关知识的健康讲座将是今后我们健康教育工作的重点。     

试论农村社区家庭保健服务与家庭医生制的融合

<正>"继续加强家庭保健服务并发挥其在传染病预防健康教育中的作用项目"(简称"家保项目")是以家庭为中心,农村为基础,基层计划生育技术服务人员为核心开展的集健康教育、健康体检和健康咨询为一体的面向全人群的保健服务活动。它在融合农村的初级卫生保健服务,提高农村居民家庭的健康     

四川秦巴山区农村居民健康需求调查分析

目的了解四川秦巴山区农村居民的健康需求及影响因素,为精准扶贫、健康扶贫提供科学依据,以及在提高卫生服务利用率、优化卫生资源配置、推进健康四川建设、尽早全面建成小康社会发挥积极的作用。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对373名秦巴山区农村居民进行问卷和访谈调查。结果调查农村居民373名,城乡基本医疗保险覆盖率为94.9%;健康知识知晓率偏低,健康危险因素普遍存在。调查对象对疾病预防知识、合理膳食、药物应用知识等的健康需求分别为80.5%、60.6%、54.7%;对定期体检、健康知识咨询、免费义诊、饮食指导等卫生服务需求分别为78.6%、66.8%、54.2%、53.8%。89.3%的调查对象选择在村卫生室和镇医院就诊。结论针对农村居民对健康知识和卫生服务的需求,应加强健康教育,加强村卫生室和乡镇卫生院的建设,合理配置卫生服务资源,提高秦巴山区农村居民的健康水平。     

河北通过试点推行农民定期体检制

河北省为解决农村居民“看病难、看病贵”问题，实施农村医药卫生体制综合改革试点，为农村居民建立健康档案．45岁以上者定期进行健康体检。     

挖掘全民健康“隐性财富”

正自2016年10月以来,江苏省滨海县人民医院以开展全民免费健康体检为切入点,为全县所有常住人口,包括在滨海县居住达6个月以上的外来人口进行免费健康体检,并为每个参检对象建立电子健康档案,将全民健康体检与居民电子档案建设、基本公共卫生服务、家庭医生签约服务等工作联动,建立区域健康管理信息平台,有效发挥县、乡、村各级医疗机构医疗和健康管理服务功能,实现患者就医信息全方位     

常州市农村居民健康知识、行为及需求调查

目的 了解常州市农村居民对“全国亿万农民健康促进行动”（下称“行动”）核心信息及相关健康知识的知晓情况，以指导我市农村健康教育工作的方向，探讨新的模式，使行动工作更加深入而贴近实际。方法 采取整群抽样的方法-分别选择5个项目镇20～65岁的该地农村居民和居住在该地3a以上的外地人，在知情同意的情况下，进行问卷调查，内容包括核心信息中涉及的相关知识、相关健康行为以及对健康知识和适宜保健技能的需求情况。结果 农民基本卫生知识知晓率达76．66％；常州地区农村居民居住条件较好，饮食习惯以清淡为主，主要营养的摄入基本满足需要。成年人的人群吸烟率为42．93％，女性吸烟率达4．04％，均高于全国人群吸烟率。戒烟率为0．17％，低于全国11．5％的水平。居民饮酒率为25．18％。在健康需求方面，农民对媒体的关注多于传统的宣传形式。知识的需求偏重于行为方式疾病的防治知识并渴望得到定期体检、建立家庭健康档案、定期举办讲座、健康资料定期入户等健康服务。结论 农村居民的健康素质有待进一步提高；健康教育宣传手段与服务方向必须更新与调整；引导、创造需求，促进健康教育产业化。     

2012年中国超声诊断设备市场将达到6．2亿美元

日前，卫生部发布《关于规范新型农村合作医疗健康体检工作的意见》（以下简称《意见》），肯定了新型农村合作医疗（以下简称新农合）在扩大农民受益面、促进农村居民健康档案建立等方面的积极作用。同时指出，在体检过程中，少数地方存在服务不够规范、检查项目少、质量不高、甚至利用体检套取新农合资金等问题，     

我国农村居民健康风险分析：基于故障树分析法

农村医疗卫生服务水平和农村居民健康状况是衡量农村社会发展水平的重要指标。健康风险是农村居民家庭尤其是贫困家庭面临的重要经济风险之一,是影响农村居民生活水平和农村社会稳定的重要因素。故障树法作为一种常用的风险分析方法,能够通过树形的逻辑关系图表分析引起主要风险事故发生的原因,揭示个别事件组合可能会形成的风险状况。文章通过对农村居民健康风险故障树的构建,分析农村居民面临的健康风险,并简要介绍相应的风险评价方法和风险管理策略。     

农村大病医疗保健方案中居民就医经济风险测量（Ⅱ）

将门诊和住院就医人群分为县,乡,村三个层次医疗机构,贫困和非贫困,高危和非高危１２类人群,通过就医风险概率,风险损失额和相对风险率ＲＲ值等指标,比较各特征人群就医风险特点和差异,并用实际调查数据加以具体验证。运用上述分析方法,能初步明了政策的目标人群和潜在的各种农村乘除中合作医疗覆盖方案的各特征人群受益情况。     

北京市通州区健康促进示范村农村居民健康传播效果与需求调查

目的评价2007～2010年北京市通州区健康促进示范村健康传播效果,为实施有针对性的提供健康教育服务提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取3个乡镇作为调查乡镇,共调查1068名≥15岁且在当地行政区域内连续居住6个月以上的常住农村居民。结果农村居民高血压、糖尿病知识知晓率显著提高（P〈0.05）。电视、健康大课堂和医生咨询既是现阶段农村居民获取健康知识的主要途径,也是现阶段农村居民需要的健康教育传播形式;合理膳食知识是农村居民的首要需求。结论通过多渠道、多形式的健康传播活动是提高农村居民健康知识水平的有效途径。     

Educational and health services innovation to improve care for rural Hispanic communities in the US

BACKGROUND: Access to comprehensive and quality health care services is difficult for socioeconomically disadvantaged groups in rural regions. Barriers to health care for rural Latinos include lack of insurance, language barriers and cultural differences. For the Latino immigrant population in rural areas, barriers to access are compounded. HEALTH NEEDS OF RURAL AREAS: THE CASE OF WALHALLA, SC: The town of Walhalla, South Carolina is a rural community located in Oconee County, the northwest corner of the state. Disparities exist between rural and urban residents in several health categories, and these disparities illustrate the need to provide competent, appropriate and affordable healthcare to rural populations. The Hispanic population of Oconee has dramatically increased in the past decade, and the majority of these immigrants have no health insurance and have limited access to health services. DESIGNING A PROGRAM TO FIT THE COMMUNITY--THE "WALHALLA EXPERIENCE": The purpose of the Accessible and Culturally Competent Health Care Project (ACCHCP) is to provide care for underserved populations in Oconee County, South Carolina while providing rural educational opportunities for health services students. Funded by the Health Resources and Services Administration of DHHS, the program is designed to offer culturally appropriate, sensitive, accessible, affordable and compassionate care in a mobile clinic setting. In this interdisciplinary program, nurse practitioners, health educators, bilingual interpreters, medical residents and Clemson University students and professors all played key roles. Women in the community also serve as Promotoras or lay health advisors. The program is unique in using educational initiatives and innovative strategies for bringing health care to this underserved community and offers important information for rural health care initiatives targeting minority groups. This paper reports on the challenges and successes in the development and implementation of the ACCHCP program in Walhalla, South Carolina.     

Educational and health services innovation to improve care for rural Hispanic communities in the USA

BACKGROUND: Access to comprehensive and quality healthcare services is difficult for socioeonomically disadvantaged groups in rural regions. Barriers to health care for rural Latinos include lack of insurance, language barriers and cultural differences. For the Latino immigrant population in rural areas, barriers to access are compounded. HEALTH NEEDS OF RURAL AREAS: THE CASE OF WALHALLA, SC: The town of Walhalla, South Carolina, USA, is a rural community located in Oconee County, the northwest corner of the state. Disparities exist between rural and urban residents in several health categories, and these disparities illustrate the need to provide competent, appropriate and affordable healthcare to rural populations. The Hispanic population of Oconee has dramatically increased in the past decade, and the majority of these immigrants have no health insurance and have limited access to health services. DESIGNING A PROGRAM TO FIT THE COMMUNITY--THE "WALHALLA EXPERIENCE": The purpose of the Accessible and Culturally Competent Health Care Project (ACCHCP) is to provide care for underserved populations, in Oconee County, South Carolina while providing rural educational opportunities for health services students. Funded by the Health Resources and Services Administration of DHHS, the program is designed to offer culturally appropriate, sensitive, accessible, affordable and compassionate care in a mobile clinic setting. In this interdisplinary program, nurse practitioners, health educators, bilingual interpreters, medical residents and Clemson University students and professors all played key roles. Women in the community also serve as promotoras or lay health advisors. The program is unique in using educational initiatives and innovative strategies for bringing health care to this underserved community and offers important information for rural healthcare initiatives targeting minority groups. This article reports on the challenges and successes in the development and implementation of the ACCHCP program in Walhalla, South Carolina.     

合肥市农村居民健康知识行为现况调查

目的了解合肥市农村居民健康状况和健康需求,为进一步更好开展合肥市“全国亿万农民健康促进行动”工作提供科学的参考数据。方法采用多阶段抽样法,按照经济状况,共抽取3600人,进行调查问卷。结果合肥市农村居民健康知识知晓率和健康行为形成率分别为62.86%和59.32%;“全国亿万农民健康促进行动”相关信息总体知晓率为10.78%;农村居民最愿意接受的三种传播卫生知识的方式是：电视、广播和书报杂志。结论农村居民健康知识知晓率和健康相关行为形成率处于较低的水平。亟待加强对其进行相关知识的宣传和教育。     

山东省城乡居民健康素养现状调查

目的了解山东省城乡居民的健康素养现状,为有针对性地开展健康素养干预提供理论依据。方法2008年,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取山东省城乡居民8546人进行问卷调查。问卷采用卫生部设计的“2008年中国公民健康素养调查问卷”,由经过培训的调查员采用面对面询问方式进行调查。结果山东省城市居民具备健康素养的比例是14．93％,农村居民具备健康素养的比例是2．18％。其中,基本知识和理念素养、健康生活方式与行为素养、基本技能素养,城市居民具备的比例分别为26．91％,14．89％,35．52％,农村居民具备的比例分别为8．34％,2．09％,14．65％。城市居民具备科学健康观、安全与急救素养、传染病预防素养、基本医疗素养、慢性病预防素养的比例分别为40．11％,27．49％,8．24％,33．09％,16．27％;农村居民具备这5类健康素养的比例分别为22．65％,8．97％,1．07％,10．10％,4．03％。结论山东省城乡居民健康素养水平有很大差别,城市高于农村,应根据城乡居民的不同特点,采取针对性的干预措施,提高城乡居民的健康素养水平。     

The effects of geography and spatial behavior on health care utilization among the residents of a rural region

OBJECTIVE: This analysis determines the importance of geography and spatial behavior as predisposing and enabling factors in rural health care utilization, controlling for demographic, social, cultural, and health status factors. DATA SOURCES: A survey of 1,059 adults in 12 rural Appalachian North Carolina counties. STUDY DESIGN: This cross-sectional study used a three-stage sampling design stratified by county and ethnicity. Preliminary analysis of health services utilization compared weighted proportions of number of health care visits in the previous 12 months for regular check-up care, chronic care, and acute care across geographic, sociodemographic, cultural, and health variables. Multivariable logistic models identified independent correlates of health services utilization. DATA COLLECTION METHODS: Respondents answered standard survey questions. They located places in which they engaged health related and normal day-to-day activities; these data were entered into a geographic information system for analysis. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Several geographic and spatial behavior factors, including having a driver's license, use of provided rides, and distance for regular care, were significantly related to health care utilization for regular check-up and chronic care in the bivariate analysis. In the multivariate model, having a driver's license and distance for regular care remained significant, as did several predisposing (age, gender, ethnicity), enabling (household income), and need (physical and mental health measures, number of conditions). Geographic measures, as predisposing and enabling factors, were related to regular check-up and chronic care, but not to acute care visits. CONCLUSIONS: These results show the importance of geographic and spatial behavior factors in rural health care utilization. They also indicate continuing inequity in rural health care utilization that must be addressed in public policy.     

新疆农村居民卫生服务需求与利用状况调查

目的：了解新疆农村居民卫生服务需求利用现状,为制定农村卫生服务策略与计划提供依据。方法：采用随机整群抽样,抽取新疆新源县阿热勒托别镇、呼图壁县方草湖镇、霍城县芦草沟乡、哈密市天山乡4个乡镇的各100名农村居民,由调查员入户对农村居民卫生服务需求与利用现状等进行问卷调查。结果：调查地区农村居民新农合参合率99．5％,两周患病率15．62％,半年内高血压、糖尿病患病率分别为6．31％和1．33％。两周未就诊但自己买药者34．04％。32．6％的高血压患者和36．8％的糖尿病患者在村卫生室有健康档案。结论：新疆农村居民的卫生服务需要量大,但利用率较低,利用主要在村级医疗机构。应继续贯彻、完善新农合制度,加强农村基层医疗卫生机构能力建设与管理,开展健康教育,进一步提高农村基层医疗服务利用率。