卫生事业管理本科生专业认知及专业态度调查——以兰州大学为例

目的了解卫生事业管理专业本科生专业认知及专业态度,并进行影响因素分析,为该专业教育改革提供依据。方法对兰州大学2012—2016级卫生事业管理专业本科生进行匿名问卷调查。采用Epidata 3.1软件建立数据库,并运用SPSS22.0软件进行数据描述与统计分析。结果研究对象专业认知水平较低、高年级学生较低年级学生专业认知水平高;学生入校前的专业认知主要通过媒体获取(65.84%),入校后主要通过老师和同学获取(49.11%);专业认知水平与学生对"该专业就业情况"的评价、对"社会对该专业人才需求"的评价以及对"国家对该专业重视程度"的评价呈正相关。研究对象专业态度水平低;专业认知水平与专业态度水平呈正相关。高年级较低年级、较高的专业认知以及专业态度水平比较低水平者,转专业的意向率低。学生认为"教师的专业水平"、"学院对该专业的重视程度"和"授课教师对该专业的态度"为前三位影响其专业态度的因素。结论该专业本科生专业认知、专业态度水平较低;入校时间越长、较好的专业认知及态度对转专业意向率具有降低的影响。提高教师的专业水平、加强对该专业的重视程度可能对改善学生的专业认可有积极的意义。     

某医药高等专科学校临床医学生预防医学课程认知及授课满意度调查

目的 了解不同年级临床医学专业学生对预防医学课程的认知状况以及授课满意度,为改进教学方法、提高预防医学课程教学水平提供参考。方法 选取某医药高等专科学校临床医学专业2018 级(临床实习将结束)和2019级(已系统学习预防医学课程)全体临床医学专业学生为调查对象,采用微信问卷星进行调查。收集学生基本信息、对预防医学课程重要性的认知、对预防医学课程教学满意度和考试满意度等资料,并进行统计分析。结果 本次调查收到2019级临床医学专业学生问卷502份,2018级临床医学专业学生问卷247份,共749份。对开设预防医学课程总体认可度为48.2%、一般认可为50.3%、不认可为0.4%;设预防医学课程、与临床执业医师考试相关、对预防医学课程感兴趣、预防医学在实际生活中重要性、学习预防医学对自己大卫生观的树立有所帮助等 5个指标不同年级学生认知差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。预防医学课程教学总体满意度为67.9%,一般满意为32.0%,不满意为0.9%;现行考试方式的满意度为满意67.7%、一般满意31.3%、不满意为1.0%;不同年级临床医学专业学生整体满意度、绪论和健康行为干预3个指标差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 临床医学专业学生对开设预防医学课程总体的认可度处于较低水平,但经过临床实习后,对预防医学课程的认可度和教学整体满意度均有提高,因此,在预防医学课程教学中根据国家临床执业医师考试大纲,结合临床案例强调预防医学在临床实践中的作用,对提升预防医学课程重要性的认知有较大的帮助。     

某高校预防医学本科学生专业知信行调查

目的调查某高校预防医学本科学生对专业的认知现状,为进一步完善预防医学专业人才培养方案提供科学参考。方法采用整群抽样的方法,应用自填问卷的方式,对1～4年级205名预防医学专业在校本科生进行现场问卷调查。结果上大学之前16%的被调查者知道有预防医学专业,不同年级学生对预防医学专业课程设置了解差异无统计学意义(χ2=8.14,P>0.05);在学期初有学习目标的学生占54.1%;不同年级学生对预防医学专业课程学习态度差异有统计学意义(χ2=25.14,P<0.01);对毕业后去向有计划的学生占42.0%。结论该校预防医学本科生应加强对预防医学专业的全面认识,合理调整课程设置和教学方法,提高学生综合素质和竞争优势。     

关于专业调整及变更招生专业的通知

根据北京市教委及中华研修大学校部的建议 ,在听取应届毕业生及考生的意见后 ,为拓宽毕业生就业渠道 ,满足青年学生渴望学习计算机知识和技术的需求 ,使学生的知识结构更加适应人才市场激烈竞争的需要 ,为使有专升本、专本联读需求的学生能顺利实现就读 ,经中华医学会医学工程学分会与中华研修大学共同研究决定 ,对原有专业和课程设置进行如下调整 :１、将原中华研修大学应用电子技术系改为中华研修大学生物医学工程系 ;２、将原应用电子技术（医疗仪器）专业改为计算机应用（医学信息）专业 ;３、课程设置基本思路由以电子技术（医疗仪器）…     

浙江省卫生信息专业工作人员基本状况调查

目的：分析浙江省卫生信息专业人员的年龄构成、学历层次、专业构成、职称级别等方面的状况,探讨存在的问题。方法：采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,利用EpiDate3.0建立数据库,SPSS 13.0进行统计分析。结果：浙江省卫生信息专业工作人员学历结构硕士及以上占5.4%,本科占47.6%,大专占35.3%,中专占9.3%,其余为高中及以下学历。就初始专业而言,计算机占32.6%,护理占20.7%,卫生管理占8.7%;目前的专业,计算机占34.7%,护理占9.3%,卫生管理占17.7%。结论：浙江省卫生信息专业工作人员整体学历分布较合理,但计算机和卫生管理专业不占优势,应加强继续教育和专业培养,以适应卫生信息管理工作的需要。     

临床医学专业学生对循证医学双语教学的认知与需求调查分析

目的了解安徽省某医科大学临床医学专业学生对循证医学双语教学的认知与需求状况,探讨双语教学方法在高等医学院校应用的前景。方法采取方便抽样的方法,选取临床医学专业的本科生为研究对象,采用自制调查问卷,调查学生对循证医学双语教学的认知和需求。结果共调查323名临床医学专业学生,仅有1.9%的学生深入了解双语教学模式,一般或不了解双语教学的学生占64.1%;54.8%的学生认为循证医学课程很有必要或有必要开展双语教学;40.6%的学生希望双语教学的学时数占该课程总学时的60%～80%;16.4%的学生希望双语教学的重点在系统评价和meta分析;不同年级的学生和既往参与双语教学的经历是循证医学双语教学的认知程度和需求情况的影响因素。结论临床医学专业大学生对循证医学双语教学的认知程度相对较低,但具有较高的需求。采取灵活多变的教学方式、提高教师双语教学的水平、选编难度适宜的教材对双语教学的推广至关重要。     

医学检验技术专业学生实验室生物安全教育情况调查分析

目的 了解医学检验技术专业学生实验室生物安全认知现状,为医学检验技术专业开展有效的实验室生物安全教育提供依据。方法 2019年4月,利用问卷星平台在线发布问卷,对西南医科大学医学检验技术专业全日制本科在校大学一至四年级共414名学生进行实验室生物安全认知情况的问卷调查。结果 共发放414份问卷,回收有效问卷389份;大学一至四年级学生的实验室生物安全基本知识得分逐级增高(43. 68±15. 78 vs. 62. 66±22. 40 vs. 70. 82±18. 05 vs. 77. 53±16. 75);学生实验室生物安全操作行为正确率总体偏低,不同年级学生生物安全操作行为在安全事故、防护设施、废弃物处理、正确洗手、安全检查、清洗实验服六个方面存在明显差异(P0. 05)。结论 医学检验技术专业学生实验室生物安全认知情况不容乐观。对医学检验技术专业,应从低年级开始开展系统、全面、深入的生物安全课程教育。     

卫生事业管理专业毕业生对学校管理的评价

[目的]了解卫生事业管理毕业生对学校管理的看法,为卫生事业管理专业学生的教育培养提供依据。[方法]对南京医科大学医政学院2014届141名卫生事业管理专业毕业生进行调查,运用SPSS软件对毕业生的基本情况、目前从事工作情况、对学校教学管理、实习管理和就业等方面的评价和建议进行统计分析。[结果]39.1%的学生认为专业设置不够合理,反映教学中的问题主要是课程体系设置不合理、教学方法、手段单一、教学内容陈旧重复;28.9%的学生认为学校提供现有学习资源、辅导和支持服务不能满足;88.3%的学生认为实习单位对于学生就业有作用,实习管理中的问题主要是实习时间短、实习管理松散、没有在科室间轮转;求职过程的主要问题是缺乏社会关系,专业不对口或专业面太窄、信息严重不足。[结论]学校教学管理中存在专业及课程体系设置不合理,教学内容、方法不能满足学生需求等问题。应把握市场需求设置专业,改革卫生事业管理教学环节;增加校内外交流,增强学生各种能力;加强实习基地建设,严格实习管理和考核;加强就业指导,树立正确就业择业观。     

卫生管理学生专业认知与专业培养方案现状研究

[目的]了解卫管学生的专业认知与专业培养方案现状,改进医学院校对卫管专业的教学方式,优化课程设置,加强专业建设。[方法]通过自行设计的调查表在南京医科大学卫管高年级学生进行调查。[结果]学生对专业认知的反馈及对课程设置、教学实践、本科生导师制等作出评价。[结论]引导学生明确定位、优化课程体系、为学生提供更多接触科研和解决实际问题的机会和途径。     

卫生管理教育教学探析

职业化管理是卫生管理的必经之路,我国卫生管理人才的培养仍处在探索阶段。为改进医学院校对卫管专业的教学方式、优化课程设置、加强专业建设,该研究在南京医科大学卫管高年级学生中进行了调查。根据学生的反馈评价,针对性地提出改进方案。     

A glimpse into the future: a survey of the expectations and ambitions of Australian health information management students

The future of the health information management profession is largely dependent on the ability of educational programs to attract high-caliber students who have a clear understanding of their future career when entering their course and who aspire to become active members of the profession after graduation. A sample of Australian health information management students was surveyed to obtain information about satisfaction with their career choice, employment options, and intended involvement in professional and postgraduate education activities. The survey looked for differences between the responses of students at different stages of their courses and changes in student responses over time. The majority of students believed that they had made the correct career choice. There was a general preference for nontraditional health information management employment positions on graduation and a strong commitment to professional involvement and postgraduate education. Significant differences in some questionnaire responses were found among the student groups. Students' responses to questionnaire items about their future careers were less likely to change compared with other questionnaire items. Implications of the results for the health information management profession and educational institutions are discussed.     

A community-based approach to the medical humanities

BACKGROUND: This paper discusses the rationale behind, and an approach to, the development of a graduate level interdisciplinary curriculum in literature and health care that incorporates community-based learning. Such an innovative approach emerges from the recognition that professional training in both health care and humanities programmes often does not model the kinds of collaborative relationships and professional values desired by contemporary health care students, providers and patients. METHOD: Recent trends in literary study and the medical humanities are described, along with the function (and benefits to students) of interdisciplinary classrooms and the role of community-based learning in higher education. The authors discuss their experiences teaching, and offer students' responses to medical humanities courses from which the concept for such a curriculum evolved. The paper offers advice on developing, evaluating and disseminating such a model curriculum for medical, nursing and graduate literature students. PROPOSAL: By linking health care with graduate English literature students, such a course would promote dialogue and understanding among health professionals, enhance student awareness of the effects of illness on patients, their caregivers and families, and encourage student activism and community service. A common set of literary works would provide a shared vocabulary and opportunities for ethical, critical and personal response. Working together in a community-based project, students from different programmes would learn to appreciate alternative professional and lay perspectives on common experiences.     

Computer education: attitudes and opinions of first-year medical students

Summary: students' attitudes towards medical informatics were evaluated with self-administered questionnaires, answered by 140 (77%) first-year medical and dental students. Fourteen per cent classified their computer literacy as negligible and 49% as deficient. Ninety-six per cent had used a computer before and 59% used one regularly. Nineteen per cent had computer education in secondary school and a further 16% attended courses given by a computer company. Only 16% read regularly about informatics. These results are similar to those observed in more industrialized countries, except that high-school education is more deficient. To 93% of these students, computer literacy is important for doctors, and to 85% computers may be very useful in many areas of health care. In the opinion of 66% of students, the computer-based patient record will be available within the next 3 to 10 years. Women showed lesser computer literacy (77% computer illiteracy to 39% in men), but there were no relevant differences in attitudes, behaviour and beliefs towards medical informatics between gender, for the same level of computer literacy. Computer education in the undergraduate curriculum was demanded by 92%, and 75% of these preferred an elective course. Weekly hours suggested for lectures should be 1 (54%) or 2 (42%), and for hands-on practice 2 (54%) or 4 (31%) hours. The curriculum should include medical applications (83% of students), information science theory and technology (44%), micro-informatics (44%), bibliographic database search (27%), programming languages (23%) and statistical packages (23%). Gender, computer literacy or course did not correlate significantly with students' opinions about the contents of undergraduate education.     

Swedish Medical Students' Views of the Changing Professional Role of Medical Doctors and the Organisation of Health Care

Medical students will influence future health care considerably. Their professional orientation while at medical school will be related to their future professional development. Therefore, it is important to study this group's view of the role of medical doctors, especially because Swedish health care is currently undergoing major changes and financial cut backs. Here, the theoretical framework was contemporary theories of competence development, which has shown that people's understanding of their work influences their actions. The aim of this study was to describe medical students' views of their future professional role in health care. In total, 57 fourth-year medical students at a Swedish university were asked to write a short essay about how they conceptualised their professional role in future health care. Fifty-three students (93%) replied. The essays were analysed qualitatively in three steps and four themes were subsequently identified: the professional role in change, organisation of health care, working conditions and the possibilities of having a balanced life. Some factors mentioned that would strongly influence the professional role were being team leader, increased specialisation, supporting the patient and computer science and technology. The students expressed ambiguous feelings about power and leadership. The results indicate that the students share a rather dark view of both the medical profession and health care, which seems to be related to stress and financial cut backs. Mentoring, time for reflection and changes in the curricula might be needed.     

潍坊市女大学生医疗健康APP知晓及影响因素分析

了解潍坊市女大学生对医疗健康APP的知晓及影响因素,为更好促进女大学生健康素养水平提供参考.方法 采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取891名潍坊市3所高校女大学生进行医疗健康APP的KAP调查,所得数据运用X2检验、二元Logistic回归进行统计分析.结果 54.6%的女大学生表示不了解医疗健康保健APP.一、二、三、四年级及以上医疗健康保健APP总体知晓率分别为39.75%,45.59%,55.78%,52.56%,差异有统计学意义(x2=16.43,P<0.05).Logistic回归分析显示,年医疗花费、健康保健信息关注度、健康保健信息认同度、咨询诊治方案认同度与医疗健康保健APP知晓均呈正相关(OR值分别为1.40,1.51,1.27,1.33,P值均<0.05).结论 潍坊市女大学生医疗健康保健APP知晓率较低,且不同特征群体间差异明显.有必要采取措施来提高女大学生对APP的知晓率,进而影响女大学生生活方式.     

课程创生取向对医学教育课程改革的启示

目的:通过医学教育改革,在医学教育过程中,要牢固树立"课程创生取向"意识.方法:通过课程创生取向对"课程实施过程"的再认识,对"课程实施过程中教师和学生角色"的再定位,不断提倡"解放主体,发展个性"的教育目标.结果:彻底克服教师在课程实施中始终处于"忠实执行者"、"相互适应取向"的层面,应用"课程创生取向"理念,使教师与学生成为课程和课程变革的唯一的、真正的主体.结论:在课程创生取向的指导下,实现课程与教学的有机整合.     

农村订单定向医学生专业承诺与自测健康的关系 ——时间管理倾向的中介作用

摘要:目的　探讨定向医学生自测健康、时间管理倾向、专业承诺三者之间关系。方法　采用自测健康评定量表、青少年时间管理倾向量表和大学生专业承诺量表对728名定向医学生进行问卷调查。结果　不同年级定向医学生在专业承诺、时间管理倾向和自测健康上均存在显著差异（P＜0.05）,专业承诺与时间管理倾向得分均以大三最高,自测健康得分以大二最低;定向医学生专业承诺、时间管理倾向和自测健康三者之间均呈现正相关（P＜0.05）;时间效能感、时间监控观、自测社会健康和时间价值感相继进入对专业承诺总分的逐步回归方程,4个变量一共解释了35.0%的变异量。时间管理倾向解释了因变量专业承诺的方差变异为53.63%。结论　定向医学生自测健康、时间管理倾向和专业承诺三者之间关系密切,时间管理倾向在定向医学生自测健康和专业承诺关系之间起部分中介作用。     

Service learning in the undergraduate health administration curriculum: theory and practice

Changing the focus of the health care system from individual to population-based health presents challenges for health administration programs as they search for innovative ways to educate students who can work in interdisciplinary and diverse environments. The increased utilization of service learning in health profession schools suggests that service learning is a way to contribute to student learning, social awareness and the health of community. Undergraduate health administration programs can take on the same challenge by integrating service learning into their curriculum. This study introduces the service learning concept into the health administration curriculum, demonstrates service learning models and recommends several health administration courses for service learning integration.     

医学生环境意识教育与和谐大学校园建设的探索

目的通过开展大学生环境意识教育及其教育效果评价,为构建和谐大学校园提供理论和实践方面的科学依据。方法选择医学院校四种专业的一年级和三年级的学生435人开展环境意识的问卷调查,其后开展一个月的环境意识教育,并对环境教育的效果进行评价。结果某医学院校大学生（医学生）环境知识的知晓率为68.4%;环境态度的合格率为33.0%;环境行为的合格率为35.4%。不同专业的环境知识知晓率有差异,预防医学、药学专业的环境知识知晓率均高于卫生事业管理专业。不同家庭所在地的大学生环境行为合格率有差异,城市学生的合格率高于农村。男生环境知识的知晓率高于女生。医学生在接受环境知识的教育后,临床医学和卫生事业管理专业学生对环境知识的知晓率明显升高,四种专业的医学生环境保护的态度均得以改善,除药学专业外,其他三个专业的环境行为合格率均明显增加。结论医学院校大学生环境知识的知晓率较高,环境态度和环境行为相对较差。大学生的专业、性别、家庭所在地对其环境意识水平有一定影响。环境教育可提升医学生环境知识的知晓率,改善其环境保护态度和环境保护行为,据此提出＂大一环境课程教育,大二环保活动参与,大三环保实践和调研,大四环保生产实习＂的校园环境意识教育的创新教育模式。     

广东某高校本科生生殖健康认知状况调查分析

目的了解广东某高校本科生生殖健康认知状况,为学校教育决策提供参考。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取医学和非医学专业的1～4年级各1个班级。参照国内外问卷,结合该校实际,设计调查问卷,进行问卷调查。结果发出问卷400份,收回有效问卷368份,医科生对艾滋病传播途径和“紧急避孕法不可替代常规避孕法“的知晓率分别为55.9%和66.5%,高于非医科生;低年级学生对艾滋病传播途径的知晓率为58.7%,高于高年级学生（42.6%）,对“紧急避孕法不可替代常规避孕法“的知晓率为49.1%,低于高年级学生（72.8%）;超过60%的学生生殖健康信息主要来源为电视、杂志和父母。超过50%的学生建议的生殖健康教育主要形式是讲座和健康小册子。结论该校本科生生殖健康知识掌握程度较低,生殖健康正规课程教育相对薄弱。