浆液性卵巢肿瘤组织中DCR3、Survivin、PDCD5的表达

目的:探讨DCR3、Survivin、PDCD5凋亡相关基因在浆液性卵巢肿瘤组织中的表达。方法:采用免疫组化及Real-time PCR两种方法观察浆液性囊腺瘤16例、交界性浆液性囊腺瘤25例、浆液性囊腺癌48例组织中DCR3、Survivin、PDCD5的蛋白及mRNA表达。结果:DCR3、Survivin、PDCD5在卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤组织的细胞浆或核未见明显的棕黄色颗粒沉着,而在交界性浆液性囊腺瘤组织的细胞浆或核中可见弱的棕黄色颗粒沉着,浆液性囊腺癌可见强的棕黄色颗粒沉着。与卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤组相比,交界性浆液性囊腺瘤、浆液性囊腺癌中DCR3、Survivin、PDCD5 mRNA表达水平显著增高(P＜0.05)。结论:DCR3、Survivin、PDCD5凋亡相关基因在浆液性卵巢肿瘤中的蛋白及mRNA表达变化呈一致升高的趋势,其机制可能与调控凋亡有关,进而参与了卵巢肿瘤的发生发展过程,并可为卵巢肿瘤的防治提供一些新策略。     

H3K9ac、H3K4me2在卵巢浆液性上皮性肿瘤中的表达及意义

目的:探讨组蛋白H3第9位赖氨酸残基乙酰化（H3K9ac）及组蛋白H3第4位赖氨酸残基二甲基化（H3K4me2）在卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤、卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤和卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织中蛋白表达与浆液性上皮性卵巢癌发生、发展的关系及两者之间有无相关性。方法:应用免疫组织化学链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化酶连接法（SP法）检测H3K9ac、H3K4me2在30例卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤组织、30例卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤组织及40例卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织中的表达,观察表达差异并进行统计学处理。结果:H3K9ac在卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤组织中阳性表达率为93.33%,在卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤组织中阳性表达率为66.67%,在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中阳性表达率为42.50%,良性、交界性、恶性组织间两两比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。在不同手术病理分期、不同组织学分级的卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织中H3K9ac的阳性表达率有统计学差异（P＜0.05）。H3K4me2在卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤组织中阳性表达率为90%,在交界性浆液性囊腺瘤组织中阳性表达率为73.33%,在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中阳性表达率为52.50%,良性与交界性、交界性与恶性组织间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,良性与恶性组织间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。在不同手术病理分期、不同组织学分级的卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织中H3K4me2的阳性表达率无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。H3K9ac、H3K4me2在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织中的表达呈正相关（r=0.732,P＜0.001）。结论:H3K9ac、H3K4me2的低表达与浆液性上皮性卵巢癌的发生、发展有关,有可能成为浆液性上皮性卵巢癌诊断和治疗的新靶点。     

核转录因子E2F2在卵巢浆液性肿瘤组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨核转录因子E2F2在卵巢浆液性肿瘤组织中的表达及其临床意义.方法:采用免疫组化SP法检测33例卵巢浆液性囊腺癌、11例卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤、13例卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤以及12例正常卵巢组织中E2F2蛋白的表达.结果:E2F2蛋白在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌、交界性浆液性囊腺瘤、浆液性囊腺瘤以及正常卵巢组织中的阳性表达率分别为72.73%(24/33)、54.55%(6/11)、15.38(2/13)%和8.3%(1/11),E2F2蛋白在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织、交界性浆液性囊腺瘤组织中的阳性表达率明显高于在浆液性囊腺瘤、正常卵巢组织中的阳性表达率(P均＜0.05),卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组的阳性表达率值虽然高于交界性浆液性囊腺瘤组,但是两组之间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),浆液性囊腺瘤的阳性表达率接近正常卵巢组的2倍,但是两组之间的阳性表达率差异也无统计学意义(P＞0.05);在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织中,E2F2蛋白的阳性表达率随手术病理分期的增加而增加(P＜0.05), 但与病理分级以及有无淋巴结转移无关( P均＞0.05);在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织中,E2F2蛋白的表达水平随手术病理分期的增加、病理分级降低而增加(P均＜0.05),与有无淋巴结转移无关(P＞0.05).结论:在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织、交界性浆液性囊腺瘤组织中核转录因子E2F2呈现明显的高表达,且其表达水平与手术分期、病理分级相关,提示E2F2在卵巢癌的发生发展中起到促进作用.     

CLN3基因在卵巢浆液性癌中的表达

[目的]探讨CLN3基因在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的表达特点及与其生物学行为的关系.[方法]采用半定量RT-PCR方法和Western blot方法检测45例卵巢浆液性肿瘤(良性浆液性肿瘤11例,交界性肿瘤11例,浆液性癌23例)和12例正常卵巢组织中CLN3基因表达情况.[结果]卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织中CLN3 mRNA表达为3.04 0.58,交界性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤组织中表达为1.63 0.43.均明显高于正常卵巢组织和卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤(P＜0.01);卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织CLN3 mRNA表达高于交界性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤(P＜0.01);卵巢浆液性囊腺癌患者Ⅰ/Ⅱ期与Ⅲ,Ⅳ期、G1/G2与G3及有无腹水间比较差异有显著性(P＜0.05).[结论]CLN3基凶与卵巢浆液性癌的发生发展和预后可能有关,可作为卵巢浆液性癌重要的牛物学标志物.     

粘蛋白MUC1在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达及其临床意义

目的:研究粘蛋白MUC1在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达及其临床意义。方法:应用免疫组织化学SP法检测53例卵巢浆液性囊腺癌、20例交界性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤、20例卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤、20例正常卵巢组织中MUC1的表达情况。结果:MUC1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的阳性表达率为88.7%,略高于交界性浆液性囊腺瘤中的表达(70%)(P=0.1172),明显高于良性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤(35%)及正常卵巢组织(30%)中的表达(P<0.05)。MUC1的阳性表达与卵巢浆液性囊腺癌的临床分期有关(P<0.05),与年龄、组织分级和淋巴结转移无关(P>0.05)。结论:粘蛋白MUC1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌的发生、发展中起重要作用,MUC1可作为判断卵巢浆液性囊腺癌生物学行为和恶性潜能的参考指标。     

Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达及意义

目的:研究Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达及其意义.方法:应用免疫组织化学方法检测30例卵巢浆液性囊腺癌、11例交界性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤、13例卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤、11例正常卵巢组织中Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1的表达情况.结果:Lewis y抗原在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的阳性表达率为90.0%,明显高于交界性(63.6%)、良性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤(38.5%)及正常卵巢组织(0)中的表达(P均<0.05).整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的阳性表达率分别为86.7%和83.3%,高于两者在交界性(72.7%,72.7%)、良性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤(69.2%,53.8%)及正常卵巢组织(36.4%,36.4%)中的表达(P均<0.05).Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的表达呈显著正相关(P均<0.01).结论:Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的阳性表达率普遍增高,且两者的表达呈显著性正相关.提示Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌的发生、发展中起着重要作用.     

Ki67、PTEN在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤组织中Ki67和PTEN的表达及其意义。方法采用免疫组化SP法,检测32例卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤组织和26例卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织中Ki67和PTEN表达,并与10例卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤和11例正常卵巢组织进行比较。结果 Ki67和PTEN在卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤组织中阳性表达率分别为65.6%和93.8%,与卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤组织（分别为60.0%和100.%）比较,无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,而与卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织比较有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。Ⅰ、Ⅱ期卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤患者PTEN阳性表达率,与Ⅲ期患者比较,有统计学意义（P=0.03）,而Ⅰ、Ⅱ期卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤患者Ki67阳性表达率,与Ⅲ期患者比较,无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 Ki67和PTEN可能在卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤的发生、发展中起重要作用,可能成为卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤预后评价的指标。     

卵巢黏液性肿瘤中claudin-3、claudin-4的表达及其意义

目的 探讨claudin-3、-4在卵巢黏液性囊腺癌的发生、发展过程中的作用.方法 应用免疫组织化学、原位杂交方法检测卵巢上皮、黏液性囊腺瘤、交界性黏液性囊腺瘤、黏液性囊腺癌的石蜡包埋组织中claudin-3、-4和claudin-4 mRNA的表达情况.结果 claudin-3、-4、claudin-4 mRNA在卵巢上皮及卵巢黏液性囊腺瘤中表达最弱;交界性黏液囊腺瘤中表达明显增强,却明显弱于黏液性囊腺癌(P<0.05);在低分化卵巢癌中的表达强于高分化癌及中分化癌(P<0.05),中分化癌与高分化癌中的表达无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 claudin-3、-4表达增强,与黏液性囊腺癌的发生、发展密切相关,与其分化程度有关,可能会成为诊断卵巢黏液性囊腺癌的特异性标记物.     

Twist蛋白在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的表达及临床意义

[目的] 分析 Twist 蛋白与卵巢浆液性囊腺癌的关系.[方法] 采用免疫组化方法检测 Twist 蛋白在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌、卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤、卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤中的表达情况.[结果] Twist 蛋白在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌、交界性浆液性囊腺瘤、浆液性囊腺瘤中的阳性表达率分别为78.33％ (94/120)、37.50％ (3/8)、25.00％(2/8),经比较差异有统计学意义(x2=16.119,P＜0.01),但在交界性浆液性囊腺瘤、浆液性囊腺瘤中差异无统计学意义(x2=0.291,P=0.590).8例正常卵巢组织中未见 Twist蛋白阳性表达.Twist 蛋白在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织中的阳性表达率在有无淋巴结转移的组织间经比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而在绝经前后、不同的病理分期、不同组织学分级的卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织中的阳性率经比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).[结论] Twist蛋白与卵巢浆液性囊腺癌发生发展有关,可作为有无淋巴结转移的间接预测指标之一.     

Lewis y抗原及整合素α_5、β_1在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达及意义

目的：研究Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达及其意义。方法：应用免疫组织化学方法检测30例卵巢浆液性囊腺癌、11例交界性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤、13例卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤、11例正常卵巢组织中Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1的表达情况。结果：Lewis y抗原在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的阳性表达率为90.0%,明显高于交界性（63.6%）、良性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤（38.5%）及正常卵巢组织（0）中的表达（P均〈0.05）。整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的阳性表达率分别为86.7%和83.3%,高于两者在交界性（72.7%,72.7%）、良性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤（69.2%,53.8%）及正常卵巢组织（36.4%,36.4%）中的表达（P均〈0.05）。Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的表达呈显著正相关（P均〈0.01）。结论：Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的阳性表达率普遍增高,且两者的表达呈显著性正相关。提示Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌的发生、发展中起着重要作用。     

Selenium, lycopene, alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, retinol, and subsequent bladder cancer

To examine the association between serum nutrients and the development of bladder cancer we measured selenium, alpha-tocopherol, lycopene, beta-carotene, retinol, and retinol-binding protein in serum collected from 25,802 persons in Washington County, MD, in 1974. Serum samples were kept frozen at -70 degrees C. In the subsequent 12-year period, 35 cases of bladder cancer developed among participants. Comparisons of serum levels in 1974 among cases and two matched controls for each case showed that selenium was significantly lower among cases than controls (P = 0.03), lycopene was lower among cases at a borderline level of significance (P = 0.07), and alpha-tocopherol was nonsignificantly lower (P = 0.13). For selenium there was a nearly linear increase in risk with decreasing serum levels (P = 0.03). When examined by tertiles, the odds ratio associated with the lowest tertile of selenium compared to the highest tertile was 2.06. Serum levels of retinol, retinol-binding protein, and beta-carotene were similar among cases and controls. These results support a role for selenium in the prevention of bladder cancer.     

80岁以上合并肠梗阻的结直肠癌患者的外科治疗

目的 探讨80岁以上合并肠梗阻的结直肠癌患者的外科治疗策略。方法 回顾性分析中国医学科学院结直肠外科2007年1月—2018年12月行结直肠癌手术且术前合并肠梗阻的77例80岁以上患者的临床病理资料，按照手术方式分为根治组（n=58）与非根治组（n=19），比较两组患者临床病理特征、围手术期相关指标和预后。采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析，Log rank检验进行生存时间比较；应用Cox比例风险模型进行多因素分析，对影响预后的因素进行分析。结果 根治组TNM分期为Ⅳ期患者的比例明显低于非根治组（8.6% vs. 57.9%, P<0.001）。根治组患者的5年生存率明显高于非根治组（65.5% vs. 26.3%, P<0.001）。单因素分析显示TNM分期和是否行根治性手术与合并肠梗阻的老年结直肠癌患者预后相关。多因素分析表明是否行根治性手术是影响80岁以上合并肠梗阻的结直肠癌患者预后的独立因素。结论 是否行根治性手术是影响80岁以上合并肠梗阻的结直肠癌患者预后的独立因素。     

Etoposide, dexamethasone, cytarabine, and cisplatin in vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone-refractory myeloma

Based on remarkable activity in refractory lymphomas, a combination of etoposide, cisplatin (both administered by 4-day continuous infusions), cytarabine (Ara-C), and dexamethasone (EDAP) was evaluated in 20 patients with advanced myeloma refractory to standard melphalan and prednisone (MP) and/or vincristine, Adriamycin (doxorubicin; Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH), and dexamethasone (VAD) and even to high doses of melphalan (HDM) (seven patients). Forty percent of patients responded regardless of previously recognized risk factors (eg, duration of drug resistance, tumor mass, and serum lactic dehydrogenase [LDH] level). While the median survival was only 4.5 months, patients with good performance (Zubrod less than 2) and low or intermediate tumor stage survived more than 14 months compared with only 2 months for the remaining group. EDAP could be readily administered in the outpatient clinic, but neutropenic fever prompted hospital admission in 80% of patients, half of whom developed penumonia and sepsis, a fatal outcome in four patients. Severe myelosuppression was of short duration, so that subsequent cycles could be administered every 3 to 4 weeks. No serious extramedullary toxicity, including renal toxicity, was encountered. Marrow toxicity and hence infectious complications may be reduced by elimination of Ara-C without compromising treatment efficacy. We conclude that the lack of cross-resistance with VAD and even HDM makes EDAP or a similar combination an attractive regiment to be formally explored in an alternating sequence with VAD in high-risk myeloma.     

Susceptibility of Ureaplasma urealyticum to tetracycline, doxycycline, erythromycin, roxithromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin

The in vitro activity of tetracycline, doxycycline, erythromycin, roxithromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin was tested against 63 clinical isolates of Ureaplasma urealyticum. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were determined by the broth microdilution method in A7 medium. The MIC(50) and MIC(90) of the tested agents after 24 h of incubation were as follows: tetracycline, 0.5 and 2.0 μg/ml; doxycycline, 0.125 and 0.25 μg/ml; erythromycin, 2.0 and 8.0 μg/ml; roxithromycin, 2.0 and 4.0 μg/ml; clarithromycin, 0.25 and 1.0 μg/ml; azithromycin, 2.0 and 4.0 μg/ml; levofloxacin, 1.0 and 2.0 μg/ml; and moxifloxacin, 0.5 and 0.5 μg/ml, respectively. The MIC values after 24 h and 48 h incubation differed by no more than one dilution for all the agents with the exception of doxycycline (two dilution difference for MIC(90)). Overall, moxifloxacin was the most active agent in vitro against U. urealyticum, with the narrowest difference between MIC and MBC values, followed closely by levofloxacin. Clarithromycin was the most active macrolide.     

Susceptibility of Ureaplasma urealyticum to Tetracycline,Doxycycline, Erythromycin,Roxithromycin, Clarithromycin,Azithromycin, Levofloxacin and Moxifloxacin

Abstract

The in vitro activity of tetracycline, doxycycline, erythromycin, roxithromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin was tested against 63 clinical isolates of Ureaplasma urealyticum. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were determined by the broth microdilution method in A7 medium. The miC50 and miC90 of the tested agents after 24 h of incubation were as follows: Tetracycline, 0.5 and 2.0 μg/ml; doxycycline, 0.125 and 0.25 μg/ml; erythromycin, 2.0 and 8.0 μg/ml; roxithromycin, 2.0 and 4.0 μg/ml; clarithromycin, 0.25 and 1.0 μg/ml; azithromycin, 2.0 and 4.0 μg/ml; levofloxacin, 1.0 and 2.0 μg/ml; and moxifloxacin, 0.5 and 0.5 μg/ml, respectively. The MIC values after 24 h and 48 h incubation differed by no more than one dilution for all the agents with the exception of doxycycline (two dilution difference for MIC₉₀). Overall, moxifloxacin was the most active agent in vitro against U. Urealyticum, with the narrowest difference between MIC and MBC values, followed closely by levofloxacin. Clarithromycin was the most active macrolide.