DNA修复基因多态性影响晚期胃癌卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂化疗的临床预后

目的:探讨DNA修复基因(ERCC1、ERCC2、XRCC1)单核苷酸多态性对胃癌患者卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂化疗敏感性的相关性.方法:本回顾性研究选取XELOX作为一线化疗方案的100例晚期胃癌患者为研究对象,检测分析三个基因六个单核苷酸多态性位点(ERCC1 rs11615;ERCC2 rs13181,rs1799793;XRCC1 rs25487,rs25489,rs1799782),同时分析其与临床预后的关系.结果:XRCC1 rs25487的A/G等位基因频率、AG/AA/GG基因分布频率均与疾病化疗敏感性和无进展生存期有关,携带GG基因型患者疗效好(P<0.05),中位PFS为8.00个月(95%CI:6.34~9.66);ERCC2 rs13181的G/T等位基因频率、GG/GT/TT基因分布频率与疾病化疗敏感性和无进展生存期明显相关,携带TT基因型患者疗效好(P<0.05),中位PFS为7.46个月(95%CI:6.45~8.48).COX比例风险模型显示ERCC2 rs13181 G/T基因型是晚期胃癌无进展生存期的独立风险因素之一(HR=0.72,95%CI:0.53~0.97,P=0.025).结论:ERCC2 rs13181基因多态性可能是评估接受XELOX化疗晚期胃癌患者预后的关键指标.     

晚期大肠癌ERCC5基因启动子-763A>G多态性与铂类药物疗效相关性的研究

目的:探讨ERCC5基因启动子区单核苷酸多态性与中国汉族晚期大肠癌奥沙利铂疗效的相关性.方法:收集以奥沙利铂为主化疗的105例晚期大肠癌患者化疗开始前静脉血,提取基因组DNA,应用PCR-LDR方法检测ERCC5基因3个SNP位点-1415C>T(rs2094258)、-763A>G(rs2016073)及-413C>T(rs943245)多态性,分析不同基因型与疾病控制率、无进展生存期(PFS)的相关性.结果:携带ERCC5-763GG、-763AG和-763AA基因型的患者化疗疾病控制率分别为86.7%、69.2%和52.6%,其中携带-763GG基因型的患者疾病控制率显著高于携带-763AA基因型的患者,P=0.028.携带-763AA基因型的患者中位PFS(36/95例,6个月)低于携带-763AG基因型(48/95例,8个月)及携带-763GG基因型(11/95例,10个月)的患者,差异有统计学意义,x2=9.205,P=0.002.-1415C>T多态性与化疗疾病控制率和PFS之间均无显著相关性.-413C>T位点未发现遗传多态.结论:ERCC5启动子区-763A>G单核苷酸多态性与晚期大肠癌奥沙利铂临床疗效相关.     

晚期大肠癌ERCC5基因启动子-763A〉G多态性与铂类药物疗效相关性的研究

目的：探讨ERCC5基因启动子区单核苷酸多态性与中国汉族晚期大肠癌奥沙利铂疗效的相关性。方法：收集以奥沙利铂为主化疗的105例晚期大肠癌患者化疗开始前静脉血,提取基因组DNA,应用PCR-LDR方法检测ERCC5基因3个SNP位点-1415C〉T（rs2094258）-7、63A〉G（rs2016073）及-413C〉T（rs943245）多态性,分析不同基因型与疾病控制率、无进展生存期（PFS）的相关性。结果：携带ERCC5-763GG-、763AG和-763AA基因型的患者化疗疾病控制率分别为86.7%、69.2%和52.6%,其中携带-763GG基因型的患者疾病控制率显著高于携带-763AA基因型的患者,P=0.028。携带-763AA基因型的患者中位PFS（36/95例,6个月）低于携带-763AG基因型（48/95例,8个月）及携带-763GG基因型（11/95例,10个月）的患者,差异有统计学意义,χ^2=9.205,P=0.002。-1415C〉T多态性与化疗疾病控制率和PFS之间均无显著相关性。-413C〉T位点未发现遗传多态。结论：ERCC5启动子区-763A〉G单核苷酸多态性与晚期大肠癌奥沙利铂临床疗效相关。     

DNA修复基因多态性与肺癌顺铂化疗敏感性的研究

目的:研究切除修复交叉互补基因1(excision repair cross-complementing gene 1,ERCC1)Asn118Asn、切除修复交叉互补基因2(excision repair cross-complementing gene 2,ERCC2)Lys751Gln和X线修复交叉互补基因1(X-ray repair cross complementing group 1,XRCC1)Arg399Gln单核苷酸多态性与非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)对铂类药物化疗敏感性的相关性。方法:采用基因测序的方法,检测89例以铂类药物为主要化疗方案的NSCLC患者外周血DNA中ERCC1基因Asn118Asn、ERCC2基因Lys751Gln和XRCC1基因Arg399Gln的基因型;采用统计学方法分析不同基因型与化疗疗效的相关性。结果:89例NSCLC患者采用铂类药物化疗总有效率为29.2%;ERCC1基因Asn118Asn和ERCC2基因Lys751Gln基因型在化疗有效组和无效组之间的分布,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而携带XRCC1基因Arg399Arg与携带至少1个Gln等位基因(Arg399Gln和Gln399Gln)基因型患者的有效率分别为76.9%和23.1%(χ2=11.1,P=0.001)。携带XRCC1基因Arg399Arg基因型患者对化疗的敏感性明显高于携带至少1个Gln等位基因型的患者(比值比为5.228,95%可信区间为1.776～15.387,P=0.003)。ERCC1、ERCC2和XRCC1基因型的联合可以提高化疗的有效率。结论:ERCC1、ERCC2和XRCC1基因的单核苷酸多态性的联合可能与NSCLC对铂类药物化疗敏感性具有相关性。     

VEGFA基因多态性与晚期非小细胞肺癌含铂方案近期疗效的相关性

摘 要：［目的］ 探讨VEGFA rs699947与rs833069位点的单核苷酸多态性与晚期非小细胞肺癌含铂方案近期疗效的关系。［方法］ 收集经病理确诊、驱动基因阴性且接受含铂方案化疗的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者95例及其临床资料,采集静脉血标本,提取血液基因组DNA,高通量测序鉴定rs699947和rs833069位点的基因型,分析各基因型与近期疗效之间的相关性。［结果］ 95例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者中25例（26.3%）评估为部分缓解,70例（73.7%）为稳定或进展。近期疗效与性别、年龄、吸烟状态、ECOG评分、病理类型、组织分化程度、临床分期、淋巴结转移、远处转移、化疗方案以及rs833069位点的单核苷酸多态性无关（P＞0.05）,与rs699947位点的单核苷酸多态性相关（P=0.044）。携带CC基因型患者的部分缓解率为37%（17/46）,显著性高于携带AA或AC基因型患者的16.3%（8/49）（OR=0.333,95%CI：0.127~0.874;P=0.022）。［结论］ VEGFA rs699947位点的单核苷酸多态性与驱动基因阴性的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的近期疗效有关,rs699947 CC基因型可能是对含铂方案敏感的分子标志物。     

ERCC5基因+25A＞G多态性与晚期结直肠癌铂类药物疗效的相关性

目的 探讨切除修复交叉互补基因5(ERCC5)基因单核苷酸多态性与中国汉族晚期结直肠癌患者铂类药物疗效的相关性.方法 应用PCR-LDR法检测以奥沙利铂为主化疗的105例晚期结直肠癌患者ERCC5基因位点+25A＞G (rs751402)、+202C＞T (rs2296147)及+372C＞T (rs2296148)的...     

INSR基因多态性与卵巢上皮癌化疗敏感性的相关性研究

目的 探讨INSR基因多态性与卵巢上皮癌(EOC)铂类化疗敏感性的关系.方法 收集339例接受手术及术后化疗的EOC患者资料,INSR基因标签的单核苷酸多态从HapMap基因组数据结合现有文献中筛选出来,胰岛素受体基因型和等位基因频率分布由ABI3100-Avant测序.比较EOC化疗敏感与不敏感患者中INSR基因多态性的分布差异及可能影响EOC化疗敏感性的基因型.结果 与rs2252673 GC+CC基因型相比,rs2252673 GG基因型携带者的铂类药物化疗敏感性更低;与rs3745546 GG+GC基因型相比,rs3745546 CC基因型携带者的铂类药物化疗敏感性更低.Logistic分析显示rs2252673和rs3745546基因多态性是影响EOC患者化疗敏感性的主要因素(P﹤0.05).结论 INSR rs2252673和rs3745546的基因多态性可能与EOC患者铂类化疗敏感性有关.     

rs9904341多态性与肺癌易感性和铂类药物化疗敏感性的相关性

[目的]探讨survivin基因启动子区rs9904341位点多态性与肺癌发生风险和晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者铂类药物化疗疗效的关系。[方法]通过聚合酶链反应—限制性酶切片断多态性方法(PCR-RFLP)检测289例健康对照组和289例肺癌患者的rs9904341多态性的基因型;其中130例晚期NSCLC仅接受铂类药物化疗,分析经2个周期化疗后的疗效及基因型与铂类药物化疗疗效和生存期的关系。[结果]基因型CC、CG、GG在肺癌组的分布频率分别为29.07%、47.05%、23.87%,在对照组的分布频率分别为20.42%、51.9%、27.68%,两组无显著性差异(P=0.053)。肺癌组中C等位基因和CC基因型的分布均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。rs9904341多态性与晚期NSCLC患者铂类药物化疗有效率无显著相关性,但与临床受益率相关,GG基因型携带者的临床受益率是CC基因型者的2.06倍(95%CI:0.71～5.97,P=0.184)。对289例肺癌患者生存分析显示,CC基因型肺癌患者较CG+GG基因型预后差(95%CI:1.11～2.6,P=0.015)。[结论]rs9904341多态性与肺癌的发病风险、预后及晚期NSCLC患者铂类药物化疗临床受益率相关。     

ERCC1 codon118单核苷酸多态性与非小细胞肺癌铂类化疗的临床预后研究

目的：探讨肿瘤石蜡组织中ERCC1 codon118单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP）与接受铂类药物化疗非小细胞肺癌（chemotherapy;non-small-cell lung cancer,NSCLC）患者临床预后之间的关系。方法：采用聚合酶链反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）的方法评价47例石蜡包埋NSCLC肿瘤组织中DNA修复基因ERCC1第118位密码子的单核苷酸多态性,并比较不同基因型与NSCLC组织临床病理及铂类化疗预后之间的关系。结果：所有NSCLC患者中位生存时间为16.0月（95%CI,16.4-28.4月）,中位无进展生存期为8.0月（95%CI,9.4-16.9月）。ERCC1 codon118与NSCLC临床病理特征均未见相关性。携带ERCC1 C/C基因型的NSCLC患者的中位总生存时间为25.0月,而携带C/T及T/T基因型患者的中位总生存时间仅为10.5月,两者有统计学差异（P=0.012）。携带ERCC1 C/C基因型的NSCLC患者的中位无进展生存期为13.2月,而携带C/T及T/T基因型患者的中位无进展生存期仅为6.0月,两者有统计学差异（P=0.029）。结论：ERCC1 codon118基因单核苷酸多态性与接受铂类药物化疗的NSCLC患者的总生存时间和无进展生存期有关,在一定程度上可以作为判断NSCLC患者铂类药物化疗的预后指标。     

ERCC1 codon118单核苷酸多态性与非小细胞肺癌铂类化疗的临床预后研究

目的:探讨肿瘤石蜡组织中ERCC1 codon118单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)与接受铂类药物化疗非小细胞肺癌(chemotherapy;non-small-cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者临床预后之间的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)的方法评价47例石蜡包埋NSCLC肿瘤组织中DNA修复基因ERCC1第118位密码子的单核苷酸多态性,并比较不同基因型与NSCLC组织临床病理及铂类化疗预后之间的关系。结果:所有NSCLC患者中位生存时间为16.0月(95%CI,16.4-28.4月),中位无进展生存期为8.0月(95%CI,9.4-16.9月)。ERCC1 codon118与NSCLC临床病理特征均未见相关性。携带ERCC1 C/C基因型的NSCLC患者的中位总生存时间为25.0月,而携带C/T及T/T基因型患者的中位总生存时间仅为10.5月,两者有统计学差异(P=0.012)。携带ERCC1 C/C基因型的NSCLC患者的中位无进展生存期为13.2月,而携带C/T及T/T基因型患者的中位无进展生存期仅为6.0月,两者有统计学差异(P=0.029)。结论:ERCC1 codon118基因单核苷酸多态性与接受铂类药物化疗的NSCLC患者的总生存时间和无进展生存期有关,在一定程度上可以作为判断NSCLC患者铂类药物化疗的预后指标。     

Ringworm in animals in a farm in Assiut

Bericht über das Auftreten von Hautmykosen bei Tieren auf der Farm der Landwirtschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Assiut. Von 70 Kälbern waren 42 pilzkrank, davon 22 durch T. mentagrophytes, 20 durch T. verrucosum. Von 180 Kühen waren 8 pilzbefalien, sämtlich durch T. mentagrophytes. Von 2 kranken Bullen wurde T. verrucosum isoliert. Auch die 3 Pferde und 2 Maultiere der Farm waren pilzinfiziert; Erreger war in diesen Fällen T. equinum. Auch ein Kalb war von T. equinum befallen. Die gleiche Pilzart wurde ferner von 3 Tierpflegern isoliert, die Pilzherde am Hals und an den Armen aufwiesen.     

Statistical challenges in preprocessing in microarray experiments in cancer

Many clinical studies incorporate genomic experiments to investigate the potential associations between high-dimensional molecular data and clinical outcome. A critical first step in the statistical analyses of these experiments is that the molecular data are preprocessed. This article provides an overview of preprocessing methods, including summary algorithms and quality control metrics for microarrays. Some of the ramifications and effects that preprocessing methods have on the statistical results are illustrated. The discussions are centered around a microarray experiment based on lung cancer tumor samples with survival as the clinical outcome of interest. The procedures that are presented focus on the array platform used in this study. However, many of these issues are more general and are applicable to other instruments for genome-wide investigation. The discussions here will provide insight into the statistical challenges in preprocessing microarrays used in clinical studies of cancer. These challenges should not be viewed as inconsequential nuisances but rather as important issues that need to be addressed so that informed conclusions can be drawn.     

Trends in zygomycosis in children

Zygomycosis, or mucormycosis, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in both children and adults. Studies in adults have shown an increase in the incidence of zygomycosis, particularly among haemtopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients and patients with haematologic malignancies. There is a paucity of data on the epidemiology of zygomycosis in children. We performed a retrospective analysis to describe trends in zygomycosis between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2010. We used the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database to identify paediatric patients who were diagnosed with zygomycosis during the study period. Administrative data on diagnoses, demographics, underlying conditions and clinical experiences were collected. Summary statistics were calculated and tests for trend were conducted. We identified 156 unique patients with zygomycosis. The prevalence of zygomycosis did not significantly increase over time (P=0.284). The most common underlying condition was malignancy (58%) and over half received intensive care. Voriconazole utilisation among all hospitalised children significantly increased during the period (P=0.010). Our study demonstrates that the incidence of zygomycosis is not significantly increasing. During the time period there was a significant increase in the use of voriconazole among children.     

Hemoglobin in lymphogranulomatosis in children

The peculiarities of hemoglobin content and properties in lymphogranulomatosis were studied in children by different methods. In most patients the content of fetal hemoglobin and methhemoglobin was found to increase and the rate of ferricyanide oxidation of hemoglobin also increases. Simultaneously, the rate of non-homogenicity of basic hemoglobin fractions was observed to increase on account of immunologically different components.     

Dermatomycosis in Goats in India

Summary: In an extensive survey involving 2176 goats 1.56% of goats manifested clinical lesions of ringworm infection. Animals below the age of 6 months were affected most (4.20%). The incidence of infection was higher during the winter months. T. verrucosum, T. mentagrophytes and M. gypseum were isolated from the skin scrapings of 12, 4, and 2 goats respectively. It is suggested that the infected animals could be a source of disease to human population in which the zoophilic dermatophyte invasion is characterized by severe inflammatory lesions of the skin. The zoonotic importance of different dermatophytes is stressed.
Zusammenfassung: In einer ausgedehnten Untersuchung an 2176 Ziegen wurden bei 1,56% klinische Zeichen einer Hautmykose festgestellt. Tiere, die jühger als 6 Monate alt waren, zeigten mit 4,20% am häfigsten Krankheitssymptome. In den Wintermonaten war die Erkrankungshäufigkeit am gröBten. T. vermcosum, T. mentagrophytes and M. gypseum wurden jeweils von 12,4 bzw. 2 Ziegen isoliert. Die inflzierten Tiere köinnen eine Infektionsquelle für die menschliche Bevölkerung darstellen und dort Mykosen mit stark entzündlichen Veränderungen auslösen. Die Bedeutung verschiedener Dermatophyten als Erreger von Zoonosen wird hervorgehoben.     

Sex hormones in women in rural China and in Britain

Plasma concentrations of certain hormones linked to breast cancer risk were measured in age-pooled samples from 3,250 rural Chinese women in 65 counties, and 300 British women, all aged 35-64. In age-groups 35-44, 45-54 and 55-64 respectively, mean oestradiol concentrations were 36% (P = 0.043), 90% (P less than 0.001) and 171% (P = 0.001) higher in the British than in the Chinese women, and mean testosterone concentrations were 48% (P less than 0.001), 68% (P less than 0.001) and 53% (P = 0.001) higher in the British than in the Chinese women. The difference in testosterone concentrations between the two countries appeared to be due largely to the lower average body weight in the Chinese women. Sex hormone binding globulin did not differ significantly between the two countries in age groups 35-44 and 45-54, but was 15% (P = 0.002) lower in the British than in the Chinese women at ages 55-64. Prolactin concentrations did not differ significantly between the two countries in any age group.