泛影葡胺和碘曲仑对糖尿病大鼠肾毒性的比较

目的:观察高渗离子造影剂76%泛影葡胺和等渗非离子造影剂碘曲仑对糖尿病大鼠肾毒性的不同.方法:建立单侧肾切除糖尿病大鼠模型,模型建立8周后,禁水24 h,尾静脉分别一次性注射76%泛影葡胺和碘曲仑[10 ml/kg,3 gI(iodine)/10 ml].72 h后按不同要求留取血及组织标本,测定大鼠血肌酐和尿素氮,放射免疫法测定血及肾组织中ET的浓度,硝酸还原酶法测定NO水平,同时观察肾组织形态变化.结果:糖尿病大鼠血肌酐、尿素氮与正常组相比均明显增加(P<0.01),HOCM组血肌酐、尿素氮较DM组进一步升高(P<0.05),且HOCM组与DM组相比,ET水平升高、NO含量进一步减少(P<0.05),ET/NO比值显著增高(P<0.01),而IOCM组各项指标均较DM组变化不明显;形态学观察结果亦提示76%泛影葡胺引起的肾脏改变较明显.结论:高渗离子造影剂泛影葡胺可以引起糖尿病大鼠肾功能明显降低,而非离子等渗造影剂碘曲仑引起肾功能下降轻微,这可能与泛影葡胺导致了糖尿病大鼠肾组织ET/NO的严重失衡有关.碘曲仑在糖尿病大鼠较少引起造影剂肾病.     

多排CT三维重建与泛影葡胺在肠梗阻诊断中的应用比较

探讨多排CT(MDCT)联合三维重建与泛影葡胺在肠梗阻诊治中的作用之比较。回顾性分析89例肠梗阻患者的临床病理资料。所有患者均进行口服泛影葡胺X线摄片及MDCT联合三维重建。在口服泛影葡胺后每6~8 h点片,在24 h内观察造影剂是否进入结肠。比较MDCT联合三维重建术与口服泛影葡胺消化道造影术对肠梗阻诊断的差异。89例肠梗阻患者在口服泛影葡胺后,24 h内造影剂进入结肠的有30例,35例在48 h内肠梗阻缓解,其余54例肠梗阻未缓解患者均接受手术治疗。54例手术患者,2种检查方法对肠梗阻的诊断存在明显差异,MDCT联合三维重建术诊断阳性率较高(χ2=4.923,P0.05)。MDCT对肠梗阻的病因、部位的诊断具有重要意义,优于口服泛影葡胺;泛影葡胺对肠梗阻的治疗有独特的作用。两者联合应用可以提高肠梗阻诊断的准确率和治疗的成功率。     

复方泛影葡胺在静脉肾盂造影中毒副反应的预防分析

目的探讨预防复方泛影葡胺在静脉肾盂造影中的毒副反应的方法。方法对笔者所在医院近两年460例使用76复方泛影葡胺行静脉肾盂造影进行观察。其中治疗组235例,造影前采用滴眼与静脉注射双法碘过敏试验,造影时室内温度保持18～24℃,造影前注射地塞米松;对照组225例,采用静脉注射碘过敏试验,常室温状态下造影,造影前不注射地塞米松。治疗组低造影剂注射量与慢推注时间下完成,对照组相对治疗组双倍造影剂注射量与快速注射。结果治疗组碘试出现毒副反应6例,造影时出现毒副反应3例;对照组碘试出现毒副反应2例,造影时出现毒副反应39例。结论采用静脉与结膜碘双试验法,造影时室内保持适当温度,造影前注射地塞米松可有效预防复方泛影葡胺在静脉肾盂造影中的毒副反应。     

60%泛影葡胺皮下注射治疗家兔淋巴瘘病理形态计量研究

目的 探讨60%泛影葡胺皮下注射治疗淋巴瘘实验动物模型的作用机制.方法 90只家兔采用腹股沟部手术形成淋巴瘘模型.模型建立后第3天以体积分数为60%的泛影葡胺溶液于该侧股血管走行区域分2～3点皮下浸润注射,必要时重复注射.1周时取局部血管周围组织及注射部位皮下组织观察局部病理变化并测量有腔淋巴管面积(LA)、周长(LP),计算形态因子(FF)及圆度(RD).结果 模型成功78侧(48.1%),实验组40侧,行60%泛影葡胺注射81次219点;对照组38侧,行0.9%氯化钠溶液注射107次289点.手术后大体病理见局部血管神经组织周边粘连明显,与周围组织融合呈条索状.实验组皮下组织肿胀明显.局部血管神经组织病理形态测量结果比较2组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).实验组皮下组织LA明显少于对照组(P=0.0296),而FF、RD较对照组明显增大(P＜0.05),2组间皮下组织肿胀程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 术后淋巴瘘的发生可能与手术部位广泛分离、假腔形成、淋巴液回流量和感染等有关.泛影葡胺局部皮下注射治疗淋巴瘘疗效显著,其治疗作用并非是直接作用于淋巴瘘部位的淋巴管组织,而是由于毛细淋巴管的高通透性与泛影葡胺的高渗透性共同作用,引起局部间质肿胀等一系列变化,使淋巴瘘部位淋巴回流量明显减少.皮下注射费用低廉,局部刺激作用较轻,耐受性良好.     

切断一侧血管后腓肠肌供血的影像及应用解剖

目的 探讨切断腓肠肌内侧或外侧血管对腓肠肌血供的影响,为临床应用吻合腓肠肌血管的游离皮瓣修复下肢皮肤软组织缺损提供理论依据.方法 用造影剂泛影葡胺灌注16侧结扎腓肠肌内侧或外侧血管后的新鲜成人下肢腘血管,进行横断面血管切割点的统计学分析;观测腓肠肌血管及其分支、管径、蒂部和交通支情况;制备动脉管道铸型标本,观察腓肠肌血管的血管分布情况.结果 在切断一侧腓肠肌血管的情况下.有来自腓肠肌内、外侧头之间的交通支和来自比目鱼肌交通支的血液供应该侧腓肠肌,其中来自比目鱼肌的交通支管径较粗,但数量少,且多出现在腓肠肌肌腹下1/3的位置,位置较恒定.腓肠肌内、外侧头之间的交通支主要出现在腓肠肌中下1/3,与腓肠神经营养血管轴相交通,外径多在0.5 mm以下.结论 腓肠肌的血供为多源性,结扎腓肠肌的内侧或外侧动脉后,腓肠肌完全可以通过吻合支获得足够的血液供应.     

泛影葡胺椎管内造影致癫痫持续状态的治疗分析

目的探讨泛影葡胺椎管内造影剂误入蛛网膜下腔后的抢救措施。方法总结1985年1月~2006年2月行泛影葡胺椎管内造影,造影剂误入蛛网膜下腔9例,患者出现四肢抽搐等癫痫持续状态。给予万可松及安定或咪唑安定持续泵入,同时给予脑脊液置换、甘露醇及肾上腺糖皮质激素治疗。结果1例死亡,8例经治疗3~15d癫痫持续状态,消失随访2个月~2年无后遗症状。结论肌松剂及镇静剂联合应用可有效控制造影剂所致癫痫持续状态,挽救生命。     

经胃管注入泛影葡胺治疗术后早期炎性肠梗阻

目的　探讨 76 %泛影葡胺在术后早期炎性肠梗阻治疗中的作用。方法　对 2 3例术后早期炎性肠梗阻患者经胃管分 3次间歇注入 76 %泛影葡胺 ,每次 6 0ml。结果　 16例患者在首次注入泛影葡胺后 4 8h开始有肠梗阻缓解征象 ,4～ 7d内痊愈 ,占 6 9.5 %。 7例患者 3次注入泛影葡胺后无效 ,继续保守治疗 ,13～ 19d内痊愈 ,占 30 .5 %。结论　经胃管注入高渗透压的 76 %泛影葡胺治疗术后早期炎性肠梗阻是一种简便、安全、有效的治疗措施 ,值得进一步探讨     

肠腔内造影CT对直肠癌术后吻合口漏的诊断价值

目的探讨泛影葡胺填充直肠盆腔CT平扫对直肠癌术后吻合口漏的诊断价值。方法回顾性收集2013年1月至2018年10月期间就诊于联勤保障部队第九〇〇医院普通外科且确诊为直肠恶性肿瘤并行直肠癌切除保肛手术的患者,所有患者在直肠癌术后第7天常规行影像学序贯检查,先行泛影葡胺灌肠造影检查,获得造影腹部X线平片,随即行盆腔CT平扫获得肠腔内造影CT图像。由2名高年资影像科医生进行阅片,计算单纯泛影葡胺灌肠造影和泛影葡胺填充直肠盆腔CT平扫诊断直肠癌术后吻合口漏的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值(PPV)和阴性预测值(NPV),并评价CT图像特征预测吻合口漏的灵敏度。结果单纯泛影葡胺灌肠造影诊断直肠癌术后吻合口漏的灵敏度、特异度、PPV和NPV分别为69.23%(18/26)、98.64%(218/221)、85.71%(18/21)和96.46%(218/226),肠腔造影CT上述指标分别为96.15%(25/26)、99.09%(219/221)、92.59%(25/27)和99.54%(219/220)。肠腔造影CT诊断吻合口漏的灵敏度和NPV高于单纯泛影葡胺灌肠造影(P0.05)。通过肠腔内造影剂外漏诊断吻合口漏的灵敏度最高,达96.15%(25/26)。结论与单纯泛影葡胺灌肠造影相比,泛影葡胺填充直肠盆腔CT平扫诊断吻合口漏的灵敏度高,整体诊断效能较好;其中造影剂外漏是诊断吻合口漏的主要影像学特征,对于临床有一定指导意义。     

早期鼻饲泛影葡胺对粘连性肠梗阻诊治价值的临床研究

目的 探讨早期鼻饲泛影葡胺对粘连性肠梗阻的诊断及治疗效果.方法 对95例临床及x线检查确诊之粘连性肠梗阻患者被为分研究组与对照组.48例经胃管注入76%复方泛影葡胺80 ml为研究组,同时设无需胃管注人造影剂为空白对照组47例进行比较.结果 研究组中40例造影剂在6～24 h内到达结肠而 给予保守治疗,平均症状缓解时间为16±2.5 h,1～5 d(平均2.8 d)后症状消失;另8例见造影剂未进入结肠且症状体征加重选择及时剖腹手术治疗.对照组手术治疗16例,7例出现绞窄性肠梗阻.中转手术率及绞窄性肠梗阻发生率两组比较(16.67% vs 34.04%;2.08%v8 14.89%)均有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论 复方泛影葡胺应用于胃肠道造影对明确粘连性肠梗阻的梗阻部位及合理选择手术时机有很好的指导作用,早期鼻饲泛影葡胺有助于肠梗阻的缓解.     

灌注成像螺旋CT扫描法对肝静脉的三维图像重建

目的探索灌注成像螺旋CT扫描法对肝静脉数据进行三维图像重建的技术方法,为部分肝移植术供肝的合理分割提供可靠的解剖学依据。方法采集非肝病死亡成人新鲜尸体肝脏标本17例,冲洗、清除其管道内凝血块,分别经主肝静脉逆行注入含3％泛影葡胺的明胶。螺旋CT扫描肝脏标本,利用医学三维图像处理软件对二维图像数据进行三维重建。结果所获得的肝内肝静脉系统的三维图像清晰、画面逼真,立体感强,可虚拟肝静脉的具体分支情况、行程走行及其空间位置。结论灌注成像螺旋CT扫描法是肝内肝静脉系统进行三维重建的有效技术手段,为肝脏外科术前制定手术计划提供了精确丰富的信息。     

肝静脉阻塞型布加综合征的腔内治疗

目的 总结肝静脉阻塞型布加综合征(Budd-Chiari syndrome,BCS)的腔内治疗经验.方法 回顾性分析32例肝静脉阻塞型BCS的临床资料.分别行下腔静脉球囊扩张成形或支架植入术+脾肾静脉分流术;经股静脉或颈静脉入路肝静脉成形术和经皮肝穿刺肝静脉联合颈静脉和/或股静脉入路肝静脉成形术或支架植入术.结果 2例行经皮肝穿刺肝静脉造影时未发现主肝静脉而放弃治疗,其余病例均成功行肝静脉成形和下腔静脉成形术.肝静脉扩张成形前后测肝静脉压力由术前(43±8)cm H_2O降至术后(16±4)cm H_2O(t=21.23,P<0.01).术后1周原有症状明显缓解,腹水消失,腹胀减轻,胸腹壁曲张静脉塌陷.围手术期发生2例穿刺针道出血,经剖腹止血后痊愈.本组随访25例,随访率78.1%.随访时间5～65个月,平均(26.0±2.0)个月.无支架移位及肝静脉再狭窄或闭塞,胸腹擘曲张静脉消失,食道造影见食道静脉曲张明显减轻.本组无肺栓塞及死亡病例.结论 腔内治疗肝静脉阻塞型BCS方法简便、微创、有效,远期疗效尚有待于进一步观察研究.     

单侧入肝血流联合肝静脉阻断在复杂肝切除中的应用

目的：探讨单侧入肝血流联合肝静脉阻断技术在复杂肝切除术中的应用价值。
方法：回顾性分析46例巨块型肝癌通过预先解剖、控制患侧入肝血流联合阻断出肝血流行切肝术患者的临床资料。
结果：46例患者均为原发性肝癌,肿瘤平均直径8.3 cm(6~15 cm),肿瘤侵犯1根主肝静脉20例,侵犯2根主肝静脉14例。行右半肝切除16例,右后叶肝切除14例,左半肝切除16例。平均患侧入肝血流阻断时间30 min(10~45 min),平均肝静脉阻断时间20 min(10~30 min)。行肝静脉修补5例。平均术中出血量540 mL(300~1 500 mL)。全组术后发生并发症14例次,均经治疗后痊愈,无死亡病例。
结论：单侧入肝血流联合肝静脉阻断技术在复杂肝切除术中能明显减少术中出血,降低术后肝功能衰竭发生率,是一种安全、可行实用的血流阻断技术。

     

Hepatic vein reconstruction for resection of hepatic tumors

SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Involvement of the hepatic veins requiring reconstruction has traditionally been considered a contraindication to resection for advanced tumors of the liver because the surgical risks are high and the long-term prognosis poor. Recent advances in liver surgery gleaned from split and live donor liver transplantation that necessitate hepatic vein reconstruction can be applied to hepatic resection in some cases. METHODS: Sixteen patients who underwent hepatic resection requiring hepatic vein reconstruction from 1996-2001 were reviewed. The mean age was 43 years (range 2-61). Nine patients were resected for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), five patients for colorectal metastases, and one patient each for hepatoblastoma and cholangiocarcinoma. In six patients with HCC and cirrhosis, the right hepatic vein was reconstructed to provide venous outflow to liver segments not adequately drained by a remaining major hepatic vein. Four of these six patients required the use of Gore-Tex (W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc., Newark, DE) interposition grafts. In the 10 other cases the entire venous outflow from the remnant liver was reconstructed or reimplanted into the inferior vena cava primarily (n = 8) or using segments of the portal vein from the resected side of the liver as a graft (n = 2). Ex-vivo procedures with the use of veno-venous bypass were required in two cases and in-situ cold perfusion of the liver was used in one case. RESULTS: There were two perioperative deaths (12%). One patient died of liver failure 3 weeks after right trisegmentectomy with reconstruction of the left hepatic vein and one patient died at 3 months after resection due to sepsis from a segment of small bowel that perforated into a diaphragmatic hernia. Four patients had evidence of postoperative liver failure that resolved with supportive management and one patient required temporary dialysis. All vascular reconstructions were patent at last followup. With median followup of 23 months, 3 patients have died of recurrent malignancy at 14, 18 and 30 months, while an additional patient went on to die of progressive liver failure at 22 months. Actuarial 1 and 3 year survival was 88% and 50% respectively. CONCLUSION: Hepatic vein involvement by hepatic malignancy does not necessarily preclude resection. Liver resection with reconstruction of the hepatic veins can be performed in selected cases. The increased risk associated with the procedure appears to be balanced by the possible benefits, particularly when the lack of alternative curative approaches is considered.     

肝静脉阻断技术在近第二肝门巨大肝血管瘤切除术中的应用

目的 探讨肝静脉肝外阻断在近第二肝门肝脏巨大血管瘤切除术中的应用.方法 回顾分析2003年1月至2009年12月施行19例近第二肝门肝脏巨大血管瘤切除术患者的临床资料.分为肝静脉阻断(hepatic vein exclusion,HVE)组(9例)与下腔静脉阻断(inferior vena cava exclusion,IVE)组(10例),记录患者术中出血量、输血量、术后肝功能恢复情况和术后2 d平均腹腔引流量和并发症发生率等指标.结果 两组患者年龄、性别和瘤体大小的差异均无统计学意义;HVE组中未发生切肝前肝静脉分离过程中损伤;9例肝血管瘤均采用血管瘤体剥除术顺利切除,IVE组1例行右半肝切除;HVE组术中出血及输血量分别为(220±121)ml和(44±88)ml,明显少于IVE组(945±978)ml和(560±717)ml(P＜0.05);HVE组5例切除肝脏血管瘤过程中出现肝静脉损伤未发生大出血,而IVE组4例肝静脉损伤2例术中大出血;术后第1天丙氨酸转氨酶,术后第3天总胆红素HVE组均低于IVE组;术后2 d平均引流量HVE组明显少于IVE组;治疗总费用HVE组低于IVE组.结论 应用肝静脉阻断技术可以增加近第二肝门巨大血管瘤手术切除的安全性,减少治疗费用.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate hepatic vein exclusion (HVE) outside the liver in the resection of giant hepatic hemangioma near the second hepatic hilum. Methods From January 2003 to December 2009, giant hepatic hemangiomas near the second hepatic hilum were resected in 19 cases. Preoperatively 19 cases were divided into two groups: HVE group (9 cases) and IVE group ( 10 cases). Data regarding the intra-operative and postoperative courses of the patients were analyzed. Results There was no difference between the 2 groups regarding the age, sex and tumor size. No damage of hepatic vein was happened in HVE group. Resection of the hemangioma was applied in all cases of HVE group, and 1 case in IVE group had right hemi-hepatectomy. Hepatic veins rupture occurred in 4 cases in IVE group and 2 cases of them had massive bleeding, while in HVE group hepatic veins rupture occurred in 5 cases but no massive bleeding occurred. Intra-operative blood loss was significantly less in HVE group than IVE group. The serum ALT value in postoperative day 1 and total bilirubin in postoperative day 3 in HVE group was significantly lower than that of the IVE group. The mean drainage volume in HVE group was significantly less than that of the IVE group on postoperative day 1 and day 2. The total cost of patient in HVE group were significant less than in IVE group. Conclusions The use of hepatic vein exclusion reduces the risk in the resection of giant hepatic hemangioma near the second hepatic hilum.     

Liver resection with repair of major hepatic veins

BACKGROUND: Liver resections for tumors adjacent to major hepatic veins often require reconstruction of venous wall defects. We describe a new operative approach that facilitates repair of major hepatic veins during hepatectomies. METHODS: In 3 cases of liver tumors, the resection line had to include partially the wall of the right hepatic vein, middle hepatic vein and left hepatic vein of the preserved liver. The procedure was carried out by employing portal triad clamping combined with extrahepatic occlusion of the hepatic veins. Venous grafts for vascular repair were harvested from the inferior mesenteric vein. RESULTS: In all 3 patients, histology showed tumor-free resection margins. Follow-up of 32 to 42 months revealed no recurrence and excellent liver function. CONCLUSIONS: Combination of selective hepatic vascular exclusion with venous repair techniques, facilitates extensive liver resections in patients with tumors adjacent to the major hepatic veins and maximizes preservation of healthy liver tissue.     

Experimental radiofrequency ablation near the portal and the hepatic veins in pigs: differences in efficacy of a monopolar ablation system

BACKGROUND: We sought to compare the efficacy of a monopolar radiofrequency ablation system in vivo near the portal vein and the hepatic veins in porcine liver. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radiofrequency ablation of healthy livers near the portal vein and the hepatic veins was performed in 10 pigs with a multitined expandable electrode. Volumes and diameters of zones of ablation were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: Volumes (16.0 +/- 5.5 mL, P = 0.001) and diameters (4.0 +/- 0.7 cm, 3.3 +/- 0.7 cm, 3.0 +/- 0.6 cm, P 相似文献   

HTK液逆行灌注可减轻肝脏隔离化疗对大鼠的损伤

目的:建立大鼠肝脏隔离灌注化疗模型;探讨在大剂量化疗药物肝脏隔离灌注过程中,HTK液经肝静脉逆行灌注对肝脏的保护及减少全身泄漏作用。方法:将75只体重300～350g的雄性SD大鼠随机分为3组,每组25只;手术建立大鼠隔离灌注化疗模型。A组经肝动脉灌注含30mg/L三氧化二砷的林格液,门静脉灌注林格液,肝静脉为流出道。B组经肝静脉灌注林格液,门静脉为流出道,余同A组。C组经肝静脉灌注4℃组氨酸-色氨酸-酮戊二酸(Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarat,HTK)液,余同B组。各组于术后1、2、3、7d各随机处死大鼠5只,进行血清肝功能及肝组织病理学检查。A组和B组大鼠术中检测体循环和肝循环中的血药浓度。结果:各组动物血清ALT和AST峰值均出现在术后第1天,其后开始下降,至术后7d恢复正常。术后第1、2、3d,3组间的血清ALT、AST均数均有显著性差异(P0.05);光镜下观察肝组织,进一步证实了上述结果。A组与B组间体循环血药浓度差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而两组间的肝循环血药浓度相类似;表明逆行隔离灌注的体循环泄漏率较顺行隔离灌注组为低。结论:低温HTK液逆行灌注可显著减轻肝脏隔离化疗对大鼠的损伤,提高手术的安全性。     

The caudate processus hepatic vein: a boundary hepatic vein between the caudate lobe and the right liver

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to find the boundary vein indicating the intersegmental plane between the caudate lobe and the adjacent liver segments. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Major hepatic veins of the human liver commonly run through the intersegmental plane and are widely used for the landmarks to define the boundary of both sides of liver segments. As the caudate lobe is a small independent unit of the liver separate from the right and left livers, the existence of the boundary hepatic vein to the adjacent liver segments has been expected. METHODS: Fifty-four adult cadaveric livers were minutely dissected to elucidate the correlation between the portal vein branches and the hepatic veins on both the caudate lobe and the adjacent liver segments. RESULTS: Among the hepatic veins of the caudate lobe, the caudate processus hepatic vein entering the inferior vena cava at hepatic hilum runs in the segmental plane between the caudate processus and the right liver. Three types of the caudate processus hepatic vein directly entering the inferior vena cava and 1 type of the exceptional hepatic vein that was the tributary of the right hepatic vein were observed. They drained the blood of the caudate processus and a part of the right liver, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The caudate processus hepatic vein is one of the candidates of the hepatic vein indicating the boundary between the caudate lobe and the adjacent liver segments. New procedures will be developed on the liver surgeries by acquiring the anatomic features of this vein.     

缝扎肝右静脉后肝动脉与门静脉血流改变的实验研究

目的：探讨结扎主肝静脉对肝动脉与门静脉血流动力学的影响。方法：小型猪共12头，剖腹后，电磁血流计测量结扎前后肝动脉、门静脉血流，大网膜静脉置管测量结扎前及结扎后30min、1、3、5、7、14、21、28、56d的自由门静脉压力(FPP)，56d后再次开腹测量肝动脉、门静脉血流。结果：FPP术后均升高，以术后7d内明显，6头超过35cmH2O，且其中3头小猪出现上消化道出血；肝动脉血流速早期增加，56d降至略高于术前水平；门静脉血流速早期减少，未检测到逆向血流，术后56d，门静脉血流速恢复为略低于术前水平。结论：结扎一条主肝静脉不会引起结扎肝叶的萎缩坏死，可能会导致上消化道出血。     

选择性患侧肝血流阻断下的肝切除术

目的 探讨选择性阻断或结扎患侧肝动脉、门静脉干、及患侧肝静脉并在肝后隧道置阻断带联合阻断进行肝切除术的效果.方法 自2007年3月至2008年2月,对14例肝肿瘤患者采取预先将患侧肝动脉、门静脉和肝静脉阻断或结扎并在肝后下腔静脉隧道置阻断带联合阻断下完成肝切除术.结果 全组14例患者在分离肝右静脉过程发生小破裂口2例,缝合后出血停止.本组患者无下腔静脉或肝短静脉意外损伤.在切肝过程中出血最少100 ml,最多600 ml,平均出血量280ml.并发少最胸腔积液4例,1例通过胸穿抽液治愈,其余3例自行吸收.无肝功能严重损害、胆瘘和腹腔感染以及其他并发症.结论 预先进行患侧肝动脉、门静脉干、及肝静脉阻断或结扎方法 以及利用肝后隧道放置阻断带联合阻断下进行肝切除术可以减少术中出血、及对侧肝再灌注损伤.