社区护理干预对提高糖尿病患者生活质量的作用

目的探讨社区护理干预对提高社区2型糖尿病患者生活质量的作用。方法采用自我效能量表、自护行为量表和生活质量综合评定问卷,调查214例社区2型糖尿病患者,了解社区2型糖尿病患者自我效能的水平、自护行为的执行情况和生活质量;并采用专家授课、多媒体健康教育、护理技能培训等集体指导方法和个体针对性指导相结合方式,实施社区护理干预半年。结果2型糖尿病患者自我效能感和自护行为能力干预前、后比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;生活质量的躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能和生活总分干预前后差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,物质生活状态干预前后无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论通过社区护理干预,可以增强2型糖尿病患者的自我效能感、自护行为能力,进而提高其生活质量。     

健康教育对2型糖尿病患者野外作业时的自护行为及生活质量的影响

目的探讨健康教育对2型糖尿病患者野外作业时的自护行为及生活质量的影响。方法对187例野外作业的2型糖尿病患者给予多种形式的健康教育,采用自护行为量表和生活质量综合评定问卷,调查分析患者干预前后的自护行为执行情况和生活质量。结果2型糖尿病患者野外工作时的自护行为执行情况干预前后差异具有统计学差异（P〈0．01）;生活质量的生理功能、心理功能、社会功能、独立性、环境适应能力方面,干预前后差异具有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。结论通过健康教育,可以增强2型糖尿病患者的自护行为能力,提高其生活质量。     

大庆社区2型糖尿病患者自护行为能力的社区护理干预研究

目的了解大庆社区2型糖尿病患者自护行为能力的执行情况,通过社区护理干预,提高自护行为能力。方法采用自护行为能力量表评定患者的自护行为能力,并通过健康教育讲座、护理技能训练、个体教育及健康咨询等方式实施社区护理干预6个月后,再次进行自护行为能力评定结果2型糖尿病患着自护行为能力呈中等及偏低水平,社区护理干预前后,患者自护行为能力差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）.结论通过社区护理干预,可以提高2型糖尿病患者的自护行为能力.     

自我管理护理对肺癌化疗患者自我护理能力及生活质量的影响

目的：采用自我管理护理提高肺癌化疗患者的自护能力和生活质量。方法将我院2012年6月至2013年12月收治的80例肺癌化疗患者随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上进行自我管理护理干预,采用自我护理能力测量量表、一般自我效能感量表、简短疲乏量表、生存质量测定量表进行相关效果评价。结果观察组的健康知识水平、自我概念、自我责任感等自护能力高于对照组,自我效能感评分高于对照组,疲乏评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。观察组在生理因子、心理因子、环境因子、社会因子以及生活质量总分方面均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论自我管理护理能够有效提高肺癌化疗患者的自我护理水平和自我效能感,减少治疗期间的癌因性疲乏的发生,改善患者生活质量。     

健康信念模式在2型糖尿病患者行为改变中的应用

目的探讨健康信念模式在帮助2型糖尿病患者建立健康行为中的作用。方法选择120例2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,按入院时间顺序分为干预组和对照组各60例。干预组接受以健康信念模式为理论基础的护理干预措施,对照组接受常规的健康教育。干预前和实施护理干预6个月后,采用自护行为能力量表进行评定。结果干预前两组一般情况及自护行为能力比较,差异没有统计学意义;干预后两组患者的空腹血糖值、糖化血红蛋白值、总体自护行为能力评分,以及各项自护行为能力(除遵医嘱服药和足部护理外)的差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。干预后虽然两组患者在遵医嘱服药和足部护理方面没有差异(P0.05),但同组前后比较的差异却有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论健康信念模式对帮助2型糖尿病患者建立良好的健康行为有促进作用,良好的健康行为对有效控制患者血糖水平具有重要意义。     

护理干预对老年糖尿病患者自我护理的影响

目的 探讨护理干预对老年糖尿病患者自我护理的影响.方法 对90例老年糖尿病患者采用糖尿病自我效能量表（DSES）及糖尿病自护行为量表（DSCS）评价其自我护理能力信心及自我护理行为执行情况,调查患者自我护理影响因素并进行护理干预,比较干预前后患者自我护理改善程度.结果 干预前后老年糖尿病患者自我护理能力信心及自我护理行为执行情况差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 要提高老年糖尿病患者自我护理能力,可通过对其进行个性化的健康教育、心理疏导、固有观念认知来提高其糖尿病相关知识认知率,改善其心理状况,改变其固有观念.     

社区2型糖尿病121例自我效能感调查分析

目的:调查社区2型糖尿病患者自我效能感水平,为样本群体中处于中、低水平的患者制定针对性的社区护理干预措施提供依据。方法:采用自我效能量表(DSES),以随机抽样法调查121例社区2型糖尿病患者。结果:社区2型糖尿病患者自我效能总分为(83.2±18.7)分,其中高水平20例,占16.5%;中水平86例,占71.1%;低水平15例,占12.4%。5个最低得分条目中,仅极少数患者表现为有较强信心。结论:社区2型糖尿病患者总体自我效能水平较低,迫切需要采取针对性的社区护理干预措施提高患者的自我效能,从而改善患者自护行为。     

应用目标设定策略改变糖尿病患者行为的实践

目的 ：应用目标设定理论促进2型糖尿病患者行为的改变。方法 ：将95位住院患者分为实验组（48例）和对照组（47例）,对照组采用常规护理教育,实验组采用目标设定策略进行干预,观察其在血糖、糖化血红蛋白、自护行为以及自我效能等方面的差异。结果 ：实验组在空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白及自我效能等方面的改变与对照组之间存在统计学差异（P〈0.05）;在饮食、血糖监测和足部护理等自护行为方面,实验组的改善情况也比对照组明显（P〈0.05）。结论：在糖尿病教育实践中,目标设定是一种有效、可行的行为改变策略。     

自我效能干预法对提升肝源性糖尿病患者生存质量的效果

目的研究自我效能干预对肝源性糖尿病患者健康相关生存质量的影响。方法选择肝源性糖尿病患者70例,分为对照组和干预组各35例。分别给予常规护理及历时4周的自我效能训练。应用一般自我效能量表及SF-36量表中文版评估干预前后自我效能及健康相关生存质量：结果肝源性糖尿病患者自我效能感多为中低水平,干预4周后干预组自我效能、躯体功能、社会功能及情绪角色评分均高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论通过认知行为策略指导的自我效能训练,可有效提升肝源性糖尿病患者健康相关生存质量。     

基于人文关怀的心理护理对恶性黑色素瘤患者遵医行为及生活质量的影响

目的 分析对恶性黑色素瘤患者实施给予人文关怀的心理护理对其遵医行为和生活质量的影响。方法 对 2020 年 9 月至 2022 年 8 月在我院接受治疗的恶性黑色素瘤患者中抽取 80 例患者临床资料进行回顾性分析。根据护理方法的不同将患者分为 对照组和观察组。对照组（40 例）实施常规护理,观察组（40 例）在常规护理基础上实施基于人文关怀的心理护理。比较两 组的自我效能感、遵医行为和生活质量。结果 两组干预前的自我效能感量表、一般康复依从性量表和生活质量评价量表的总 分无统计学差异（P>0.05）。观察组干预 1 周后和干预 1 个月后的自我效能感量表、一般康复依从性量表和生活质量评价量表 评分高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 恶性黑色素瘤患者实施基于人文关怀的心理护理,可提升自我效能感,增强遵医行为,改善 生活质量。     

社区2型糖尿病患者自我照顾行为与自我效能的调查研究

目的 了解社区2型糖尿病患者的自我照顾行为与自我效能的现状,探讨存在的问题.方法 采用糖尿病自我照顾量表及糖尿病控制自我效能量表,以方便取样法对北京市海运仓社区的2型糖尿病患者进行调查,共取得85份有效问卷,并对问卷进行分析.结果 社区2型糖尿病患者自我照顾行为与自我效能的平均得分指标为66.98%和69.02%;是否听过糖尿病知识讲座的患者在自我照顾行为方面比较,差异无统计学意义;社区2型糖尿病患者的自我效能与自我照顾行为密切相关.结论 2型糖尿病患者的自我照顾行为和自我效能水平均有待提高,应重视并健全社区糖尿病健康教育.     

2型糖尿病患者自我效能与生活质量的相关性研究

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者自我效能与生活质量之间的关系.方法 采用2型糖尿病管理自我效能量表和糖尿病患者特异性量表,以方便抽样方法调查116例住院的2型糖尿病患者,并对结果进行分析.结果 2型糖尿病患者自我效能与生活质量不够理想;不同类型2型糖尿病患者自我效能与生活质量得分比较,差异有统计学意义;2型塘尿病患者自我效能与生活质量呈中等程度正相关(r=0.43,P＜0.01).结论 在临床实践中,必须注重2型糖尿病患者自我效能和生活质量水平的提高,应以自我效能理论为依据,采用各种方法调动患者的自身潜能,以增加自我效能,提高患者的生活质量.     

The psychometric properties of the diabetes management self-efficacy scale for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

This article summarizes the development and validation of a scale to measure the level of self-efficacy of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Self-efficacy is described as people's belief in their capability to organize and execute the course of action required to deal with prospective situations. This self-efficacy scale was developed based on the self-care activities these patients have to carry out in order to manage their diabetes. The following psychometric properties of this scale were established: content validity, construct validity, internal consistency and stability. The original scale contained 42 items. A panel of five experts in diabetes and four self-efficacy experts evaluated the original scale two times for relevance and clarity. This content validity procedure resulted in a final scale which consisted of 20 items. Subsequently, patients with type 2 diabetes were asked to complete this 20-item scale and further tests were done with the 94 usable responses. Factor analysis identified four factors, all of which were related to clusters of self-care activities used to manage diabetes which comprised this scale. The internal consistency of the total scale was alpha=0.81 and the test-retest reliability with a 5-week time interval was r=0.79 (P < 0.001).     

A Structural Equation Model of Quality of Life in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in Korea

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to test a structural equation model in which self-efficacy and self-care activity predicts the quality of life (QOL) of individuals with type 2 diabetes in Korea.MethodA survey about self-care activity, self-efficacy, glucose control, and QOL was completed by 132 diabetic patients from public health centers in Korea. Data were analyzed using SPSSWIN 18.0 and AMOS 19.0.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 63.2 years. The proposed model was a good fit for the data based on the model fit indices. Self-efficacy had a significant effect on self-care activity (95%), and this model explained 25% of the variance in QOL.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that self-efficacy and self-care activity play important roles in explaining QOL in adults with type 2 diabetes. Nursing strategies to increase QOL in this population should contain self-efficacy enhancement to promote the performance of self-care activity.     

Promoting foot self-care in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients receiving hemodialysis based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills model

This study develops and verifies the use of the foot self-care behavioral model in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) receiving hemodialysis (HD) based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills model. Data were collected between June and August 2021 from 156 outpatients with type 2 diabetes who were receiving regular HD. A structured questionnaire and electronic medical records were used to collect demographic and disease-related data along with Foot Care Knowledge Questionnaires, third version of Diabetes Attitude Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Foot Care Confidence Scale, and Foot Self-care Behavior Scale. Age, diabetic foot care knowledge, social support, and foot care self-efficacy had a direct effect on foot self-care behavior. Foot care self-efficacy had a mediating effect on foot care knowledge, diabetes-related attitudes, social support, and foot self-care behavior. The information-motivation-behavioral skills model was suitable as a foot self-care behavioral model for patients with T2DM receiving HD. Additionally, these findings suggest that it is crucial to improve foot self-care behavior through increased foot care knowledge, diabetes-related attitudes, and social support, which could contribute to enhancing foot care self-efficacy.     

The confidence in diabetes self-care scale: psychometric properties of a new measure of diabetes-specific self-efficacy in Dutch and US patients with type 1 diabetes

OBJECTIVE: To examine psychometric properties of the Confidence in Diabetes Self-Care (CIDS) scale, a newly developed instrument assessing diabetes-specific self-efficacy in Dutch and U.S. patients with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Reliability and validity of the CIDS scale were evaluated in Dutch (n = 151) and U.S. (n = 190) outpatients with type 1 diabetes. In addition to the CIDS scale, assessment included HbA(1c), emotional distress, fear of hypoglycemia, self-esteem, anxiety, depression, and self-care behavior. The Dutch sample completed additional measures on perceived burden and importance of self-care. Test-retest reliability was established in a second Dutch sample (n = 62). RESULTS: Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.86 for Dutch patients and 0.90 U.S. patients) and test-retest reliability (Spearman's r = 0.85, P < 0.0001) of the CIDS scale were high. Exploratory factor analysis showed one strong general factor. Spearman's correlations between the CIDS scale and other measures were moderate and in the expected directions, and high HbA(1c) levels were associated with low CIDS scores in the U.S. sample only. Low CIDS scores were positively associated with self-care but not with glycemic control in the original samples. CIDS scores in the U.S. and Dutch samples did not show any statistically significant differences. U.S. men had higher CIDS scores than U.S. women. CONCLUSIONS: The CIDS scale is a reliable and valid measure of diabetes-specific self-efficacy for use in patients with type 1 diabetes. High psychometric similarity allows for cross-cultural comparisons.     

Improving foot self-care behaviors with Pies Sanos

Participants who received Pies Sanos, a 15-min intervention designed to improve diabetes self-efficacy and foot self-care behaviors in adult patients with type 2 diabetes who lived in a predominantly Mexican American community, performed more-complete foot self-care 1 month later in their homes. Recruited when they presented for nonurgent care to the emergency department in two community hospitals near the U.S.-Mexico border, participants were randomized into one of three groups. At follow-up, there was a significant difference in observed foot self-care behaviors between groups, F(2, 135) = 2.99, p < .05, as well as a significant difference within the intervention, t (47) = -4.32, p < .01, and control group, t (46) = -2.06, p < .05, for baseline and follow-up self-reported foot self-care behaviors. Baseline diabetes self-efficacy was significantly and positively correlated with both baseline (r = .335, p < .001) and follow-up ( r = .174, p < .05) foot self-care behaviors.     

2型糖尿病患者饮食控制行为及其影响因素调查

目的调查社区2型糖尿病患者自我饮食管理现状及其影响因素。方法采用个人基本资料问卷,饮食控制行为量表和自我效能量表对210例社区2型糖尿病患者进行调查。结果 2型糖尿病患者饮食控制行为平均得分为21.14分,自我效能平均得分为21.56分;2型糖尿病患者饮食控制行为与自我效能呈正相关(r=0.568,P<0.01);饮食控制行为与年龄、病情、在职与非在职有显著性差异(P<0.05);多元逐步回归分析,自我效能可解释患者自我饮食行为60.5%的变异量。结论自我效能是2型糖尿病患者控制饮食的重要因素。在实施护理干预和健康教育时应重视提高患者自我效能,增强自我管理能力,提高其生存质量。