^99mTc—MIBI与^99mTc—PPM肺肿瘤阳性显像的对比研究

目的：对比分析＾９９ｍＴｃ－甲氧基异丁基异腈（ＭＩＢＩ）与＾９９ｍＴｃ－培普利欧霉素（ＰＰＭ）肺肿瘤显像的特点与诊断效能。方法：对４８例使用＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ与３９例使用＾９９ｃＴｃ－ＰＰＭ肿瘤阳性显像的结果通过目测观察，Ｔ／Ｎ（肿瘤与非肿瘤）比值测定，储存指数ＲＩ测定，延迟显像摄取指数ＤＵＩ测定并对其结果进行对比。结果：目测观察，＾９０９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ显像对恶性肿瘤诊断的灵敏度为９４．１２     

冷诱导心肌SPECT与UCG对诊断系统性硬皮病心肌损害的 …

目的：探讨ＳＰＥＣＴ心肌显像和超声心动图（ＵＣＧ）冷诱导对诊断系统性硬皮病（ＳＳＣ）心肌损害的临床价值。方法：应用＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ对２３例ＳＳＣ病人进行ＳＰＥＣＴ心肌显像冷诱导,并同期进行ＵＣＧ冷诱导检测。结果：（１）１４例病人（６０．９％）,至少有一处心肌放射性分布异常,４例病人（１７．４％）于ＵＣＧ示局部室壁运动低下,Ｐ〈０．０５。（２）ＳＰＥＣＴ阳性率在雷诺现象（ＲＰ）组和无ＲＰ组之间     

~(99m)Tc-ECD脑显像定量分析对小儿原发性癫痫病灶定位诊断的研究

目的：采用相对定量分析法评估９９ｍＴｃ－ＥＣＤ脑血流灌注显像对小儿原发性癫痫定性和病灶定位的诊断价值。方法：２１例ＣＴ检查正常的小儿原发性癫痫病人进行９９ｍＴｃ－ＥＣＤ脑显像和相对定量分析，并同步进行ＥＥＧ检查。结果：２１例病人ＳＰＥＣＴ显像１８例异常，３例正常，阳性率８５７％，假阴性１０％，１８例脑显像异常患儿中，１６例局部脑血流（ｒＣＢＦ）减少，９９ｍＴｃ－ＥＣＤ摄取率７２６±８９％，２例在额叶有限局性ｒＣＢＦ增加，９９ｍＴｃ－ＥＣＤ摄取率分别为１４９５％和１３０９％。ＥＥＧ检查２１例病人２０例异常，１例正常，阳性率９５２％，能定位诊断的７例，定位率为３５％。结论：９９ｍＴｃ－ＥＣＤ脑显像相对定量分析法对小儿原发性癫痫病灶的定位有临床意义，优于ＥＥＧ。     

运动、巯甲丙脯酸与巯甲丙脯酸运动肾显像检测原发性高血压的肾功能

目的：观察和分析运动（ＥＸ）、巯甲丙脯酸（ＣＡＰ）及巯甲丙脯酸运动（ＣＡＰ－ＥＸ）介入对轻中度原发性高血压（ＥＨ）患者肾功能的影响。方法：１０例正常志愿者和１５例轻中度原发性高血压患者,在１个月内完成基础双核素肾显像（ＢＳ－ＲＳ）、运动双核素肾显像（ＥＸ－ＲＳ）、巯甲丙脯酸双核素肾显像（ＣＡＰ－ＲＳ）及巯甲丙脯酸运动双核素肾显像（ＣＡＰ－ＥＸ－ＲＳ）４次检查。图像均按ＡＤＡＣ公司提供的计算机软件进行处理。结果：ＥＸ和ＣＡＰ－ＥＸ介入,ＧＦＲ,ＥＲＰＦ均明显降低（Ｐ＜００１）;而ＣＡＰ介入未见明显变化。ＥＨ组与对照组相应方法间ＧＦＲ,ＥＲＰＦ不存在显著差异（Ｐ＞００５）。１５例ＥＨ患者中,基础肾显像及巯甲丙脯酸肾显像结果均正常,而４０％（６／１５）的患者出现异常运动肾图,３０％（５／１５）出现异常巯甲丙脯酸运动肾图,二者同时异常的有５例,其中１例于ＣＡＰ－ＥＸ－ＲＳ介入时,异常更加明显,均表现为对称性的１３１Ｉ－ＯＩＨ和９９ｍＴｃ－ＤＴＰＡ排泄延迟,１３１Ｉ－ＯＩＨ肾图和９９ｍＴｃ－ＤＴＰＡ肾图曲线宽大,排泄段抬高。上述异常变化在１３１Ｉ－ＯＩＨ和９９ｍＴｃ－ＤＴＰＡ肾图曲线中,以９９ｍＴｃ－ＤＴＰＡ肾图     

心肌灌注显像剂~(99m)Tc-Tetrofosmin临床应用的研究

目的：通过与冠状动脉造影比较,评价９９ｍＴｃ－ Ｔｅｔｒｏｆｏｓｍｉｎ心肌灌注显像在冠心病诊断中的价值。方法：对 ２４例受检者（ＣＨＤ１４例,非 ＣＨＤ１０例）进行静息和运动负荷状态下的９９ｍＴｃ－ Ｔｅｔｒｏｆｏｓｍｉｎ心肌 ＳＰＥＣＴ显像,同期也行冠状动脉造影。结果：以冠状动脉造影为金标准,９９ｍＴｃ－Ｔｅｔｒｏｆｏｓｍｉｎ心肌 ＳＰＥＣＴ显像诊断冠心病的灵敏度、特异性和准确率分别为９２．３％,６０％和７８．３％。结论：９９ｍＴｃ－Ｔｅｔｒｏｆｏｓｍｉｎ心肌灌注显像在冠心病诊断中具有较高的临床价值。     

肺摄取定量分析在冠心病中的应用

目的评价＾９９ｍＴＣ－ＭＩＢＩ肺摄取定量分析在冠心病诊断中的价值。方法对心梗组、心绞痛组和对照组病人行＾９９ｍＴＣ－ＭＩＢＩＳＰＥＣＴ时测量其前位投影图的动、静态的ＬＨＲ;并用核素心室显像测定ＬＶＥＦ。结果心绞痛组和对照组ＬＨＲ运动较静息时低（Ｐ〈０．００１）;静息时心绞痛组较对照组高（Ｐ〈０．０５）;运动时两组无显著差异;静息时心梗组较对照组、和心绞痛组高（Ｐ〈０．００２５）;心绞痛组运动和静息     

消化道出血的~(99m)Tc-RBC显像

消化道出血的９９ｍＴｃ－ＲＢＣ显像中国医科大学第一临床学院（１１０００１）核医学科李德顺刘浩罗锡圭马爱萍１９９６年６月－１９９７年３月，我们对２９例消化道出血进行了９９ｍＴｃ－ＲＢＣＳＰＥＣＴ显像，确定了出血范围和部位，为指导临床治疗提供了有价值的信...     

蛋白质负荷~(99m)Tc-MAG_3肾动态显像

一些报道显示,蛋白质负荷可明显影响肾小球滤过率（ＧＦＲ）值［１,２］,笔者也发现蛋白质对肾小球滤过型示踪剂９９ｍＴｃ－ＤＴＰＡ肾动态显像的各肾功能指标有较明显的影响［３,４］。本文旨在观察蛋白质负荷对肾小管分泌型示踪剂９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＡＧ３肾动态显像的影响。１资料与方法 正常人１２例（２４只肾脏）,为健康大学生,男４例,女８例,平均年龄２１岁（２０－２３岁）;;蛋白质负荷－肾动态显像（ＰＬ－ＲＳ）方法：采用 Ｅｌｓｃｉｎｔ ＳＰ－４ＨＲ型 ＳＰＥＣＴ,矩阵６４ Ｘ ６４,窗宽 １０％,放大倍数 １,示踪剂…     

20例冠心病患者SPECT心血池显像与X线左心室造影的比较

目的：比较２０例冠心病患者行ＳＰＥＣＴ心血池显像与Ｘ线在心室造影测定左心室功能的价值。方法：在采用＾９９ｍＴｃＳＰＥＣＴ心血池显像和Ｘ线左心室造影的方法分别测定了２０例冠心病患者的左心室射血分数（ＬＶＥＦ）和左心室壁运动记分（ＬＶＷＭＳ），两种方法测定均在同一周内进行，结果：采用ＳＰＥＣＴ心血池显像法测得的ＬＶＥＦ和ＬＶＷＭＳ分别较Ｘ线左心室造影法测得数据平均低０．１０和１．７，但两种方法测定的Ｌ     

^99mTc—NOET心肌显像动物实验的初步研究：与^201Tl显像？…

目的：研究狗的＾９９ｍＴｃ＝ＮＭＯＥＴ心肌显像特征。材料与方法：正常狗３只、心肌缺血和梗塞狗各一只,进行＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＮＯＥＴ系列ＳＰＥＥＣＴ显像,与＾２０１Ｔｌ显像及组织学结果比较。结果：１５分钟狗心肌即可清晰显示,但下壁心肌影像受肝影响,且随时间递增而明显。＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＮＯＥＴ有再分布特征,再分布的存在是心肌存 指征。心肌对＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＮＯＥＴ摄取量可以反映心肌的产     

Antiprotozoan and Antiviral Activities of Non-cytotoxic Truncated and Variant Analogues of Mussel Defensin

We previously reported the crucial role displayed by loop 3of defensin isolated from the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilusgalloprovincialis, in antibacterial and antifungal activities.We now investigated antiprotozoan and antiviral activities ofsome previously reported fragments B, D, E, P and Q. Two fragments(D and P) efficiently killed Trypanosoma brucei (ID₅₀ 4–12µM) and Leishmania major (ID₅₀ 12–45 µM) ina time/dose-dependent manner. Killing of T. brucei started asearly as 1 h after initiation of contact with fragment D andreached 55% mortality after 6 h. Killing was temperature dependentand a temperature of 4°C efficiently impaired the abilityto kill T. brucei. Fragments bound to the entire external epitheliumof T. brucei. Prevention of HIV-1 infestation was obtained onlywith fragments P and Q at 20 µM. Even if fragment P wasactive on both targets, the specificity of fragments D and Qsuggest that antiprotozoan and antiviral activities are mediatedby different mechanisms. Truncated sequences of mussel defensin,including amino acid replacement to maintain 3D structure andincreased positive net charge, also possess antiprotozoan andantiviral capabilities. New alternative and/or complementaryantibiotics can be derived from the vast reservoir of naturalantimicrobial peptides (AMPs) contained in marine invertebrates.     

Complementary and alternative approaches to pain relief during labor

This review evaluated the effect of complementary and alternative medicine on pain during labor with conventional scientific methods using electronic data bases through 2006 were used. Only randomized controlled trials with outcome measures for labor pain were kept for the conclusions. Many studies did not meet the scientific inclusion criteria. According to the randomized control trials, we conclude that for the decrease of labor pain and/or reduction of the need for conventional analgesic methods: (i) There is an efficacy found for acupressure and sterile water blocks. (ii) Most results favored some efficacy for acupuncture and hydrotherapy. (iii) Studies for other complementary or alternative therapies for labor pain control have not shown their effectiveness.     

Essential Oil of Betula pendula Roth. Buds

The essential oil of Betula pendula Roth. buds was obtainedusing both hydrodistillation and microdistillation techniquesand their chemical compositions were analyzed using both gaschromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Overall, more than 50 compounds were identified representing80% and 92% for hydrodistillation and microdistillation, respectively.The main components (by hydrodistillation and microdistillation,respectively) found were -copaene (12% and 10%), germacreneD (11% and 18%) and -cadinene (11% and 15%) in the analyzedessential oils. The microdistillation technique proved to bea useful tool and compliant alternative when compared to hydrodistillation.     

Immunology and homeopathy. 1. Historical background

Homeopathy was born as an experimental discipline, as can be seen from the enormous amount of homeopathic data collected over more than two centuries. However, the medical tradition of homeopathy has been separated from that of conventional science for a long time. Conventional scientific wisdom dictates that homeopathy should have no effect above placebo but experiments on ultra-high dilutions of solutes together with some clinical data suggest the intriguing possibility that it might do in some circumstances. Today, an osmotic process between disciplines, previously seen as in conflict, is facilitated because over the last few decades homeopathy has initiated the methods of current medical science and a substantial number of experimental studies-at molecular, cellular and clinical levels-are available. One area of dialogue and of common progress is that of inflammation and immunity, probably because these are closely related to the traditional 'vital force' of the body's self-healing power. In a series of papers we review the historical origins of homeopathy, the laboratory and animal models related to the field of immunopharmacology, the clinical evidence in favor and against the use of homeopathy in the inflammatory diseases and the hypotheses regarding its action mechanism(s). Finally, we will enlighten the specific characteristics of the homeopathic approach, which places great emphasis on identifying a cure for the whole organism.     

Developing CAM Research Capacity for Complementary Medicine

This article describes initiatives that have been central to the development of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) research capacity in the United Kingdom, Canada and the United States over the last decade. While education and service delivery are essential parts of the development of CAM, this article will focus solely on the development of research strategy. The development of CAM research has been championed by both patients and politicians, primarily so that we may better understand the popularity and apparent effectiveness of these therapies and support integration of safe and effective CAM in health care. We hope that the perspective provided by this article will inform future research policy.     

Natural health products, modulation of immune function and prevention of chronic diseases

The immune system is increasingly found to be involved in the development of several chronic illnesses, for which allopathic medicine has provided limited tools for treatment and especially prevention. In that context, it appears worthwhile to target the immune system in order to modulate the risk of certain chronic illnesses. Meanwhile, natural health products (NHPs) are generating renewed interest, particularly in the prevention and treatment of several chronic diseases. Over 20 scientists from fields related to immune function and NHPs were thus convened to establish the state of knowledge on these subjects and to explore future research directions. This review summarizes the result of discussions held during the symposium. It thus seeks to be thought provoking rather than to comprehensively cover such broad areas of research. Notably, a brief overview of the immune system is presented, including potentially useful targets and strategies to keep it in an equilibrated state, in order to prevent certain disorders. The pertinence and limitations of targeting the immune system to prevent chronic diseases is also discussed. The paper then discusses the usefulness and limitations of current experimental tools available to study the immune modulating effects of NHPs. Finally, a concise review of some of the most studied NHPs showing promising immunomodulatory activity is given, and avenues for future research are described.     

Hibiscus sabdariffa affects ammonium chloride-induced hyperammonemic rats

Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) is an edible medicinal plant, indigenous to India, China and Thailand and is used in Ayurveda and traditional medicine. Alcoholic extract of HS leaves (HSEt) was studied for its anti-hyperammonemic and antioxidant effects in brain tissues of ammonium chloride-induced hyperammonemic rats. Oral administration of HSEt (250 mg kg(-1) body weight) significantly normalizes the levels of ammonia, urea, uric acid, creatinine and non-protein nitrogen in the blood. HSEt significantly reduced brain levels of lipid peroxidation products such as thiobarbituric acid and reactive substances (TBARS) and hydroperoxides (HP). However, the administered extract significantly increased the levels of antioxidants such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in brain tissues of hyperammonemic rats. This investigation demonstrates significant anti-hyperammonemic and antioxidant activity of HS.     

Complementary and alternative medicine for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome

To discuss challenges concerning treatment for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and review complementary and alternative medical (CAM) therapies being evaluated for this condition, we performed a comprehensive search of articles published from 1990-2005 using the PubMed, Medline databases. Data from the articles were abstracted and pooled by subject. Keywords cross-searched with CP/CPPS included: complementary, alternative, integrative, therapies, interventions, nutrition, antioxidants, herbs, supplements, biofeedback and acupuncture. Listed articles with no abstracts were not included. Various CAM therapies for CP/CPPS exist including biofeedback, acupuncture, hyperthermia and electrostimulation. Additionally, a variety of in vitro and in vivo studies testing herbal and nutritional supplements were found. Saw palmetto, cernilton and quercetin were the most frequently tested supplements for CP/CPPS. Although many CAM therapies demonstrate positive preliminary observations as prospective treatments for CP/CPPS, further exploratory studies including more randomized, controlled trials are necessary for significant validation as treatment options for this complex disorder.     

A review of yoga programs for four leading risk factors of chronic diseases

Yoga, a form of physical activity, is rapidly gaining in popularityand has many health benefits. Yet healthcare providers havebeen slow to recognize yoga for its ability to improve healthconditions, and few interventions have been developed that takefull advantage of its benefits. The purpose of this articleis to review published studies using yoga programs and to determinethe effect of yoga interventions on common risk factors of chronicdiseases (overweight, hypertension, high glucose level and highcholesterol). A systematic search yielded 32 articles publishedbetween 1980 and April 2007. The studies found that yoga interventionsare generally effective in reducing body weight, blood pressure,glucose level and high cholesterol, but only a few studies examinedlong-term adherence. Additionally, not enough studies includeddiverse populations at high risk for diabetes and its relatedcommon health problems.