大鼠运动力竭后生理生化因素对PMN粘弹性影响的实验研究

本文利用微吸管实验方法，研究了ｐＨ值，乳酸，肾上腺素和能量物质对大鼠运动力竭前后多形核中性粒细胞（Ｐｏｌｙｍｏｒｐｈｏｎｕｃｌｅａｒ ｎｅｕｔｒｏｐｈｉｌｓ，ＰＭＮｓ）粘弹性的影响。结果发现随着乳酸浓度、肾上腺素浓度的增加，大鼠ＰＭＮ粘弹性参数发生不同程度的增加，变开性发生相应的变化；随着ｐＨ值从７．４下降到６．４，ＰＭＮ粘弹性参数逐渐增大；但是ＰＭＮ粘弹性不受葡萄糖和ＡＴＰ浓度的影响．     

创伤性休克大鼠中性粒细胞CD18的变化及其与糖皮质激素受体相？…

目的 探讨中性粒细胞粘附分子ＣＤ１８（ＰＭＮ ＣＤ１８）、中性粒细胞糖皮质激素受体（ＰＭＮ ＧＲ）在大鼠创伤性休克早期的动态变化。方法 动物模型采用软组织损伤加颈动脉放血法，分别采用流式细胞仪和放射配体结合法测定ＰＭＮ ＣＤ１８、ＰＭＮ ＧＲ的表达值。结果 休克组休克４５ｍｉｎ ＰＭＮ ＣＤ１８表达值明显增高，随后逐渐下降，至休克７．５ｈ与基础表达值仍相差非常显著（Ｐ〈０．０１）；ＰＭＮ ＧＲ随休     

氧化砷对白血病细胞内 PML/PML-RARα 蛋白的影响

目的：探讨急性早幼粒细胞白血病细胞的分子标志ＰＭＬ－ＲＡＲα在氧化砷（Ａｓ２Ｏ３）诱导的细胞凋亡中的可能作用。方法：观察Ａｓ２Ｏ３对ＰＭＬ－ＲＡＲα蛋白在亚细胞定位的影响。结果：①在１μｍｏｌ／Ｌ的Ａｓ２Ｏ３作用下，ＨＬ－６０细胞核内ＰＭＬ抗血清染色明显减少，而在胞浆的近核膜区出现弥散分布的荧光染色；②Ａｓ２Ｏ３诱导ＮＢ４细胞内散在分布的ＰＭＬ抗血清染色颗粒明显减少；③通常情况下，少数ＮＢ４细胞的胞浆中存在ＰＭＬ抗血清染色颗粒的聚集，这类细胞在Ａｓ２Ｏ３作用后明显增多，凋亡细胞中ＰＭＬ抗血清染色聚集现象也存在；④全反式维甲酸（ＡＴＲＡ）预处理２４或４８小时并不改变Ａｓ２Ｏ３对ＮＢ４细胞的凋亡诱导效应。结论：Ａｓ２Ｏ３诱导细胞凋亡的过程不依赖维甲酸信号途径，可能通过ＰＭＬ／ＰＭＬ－ＲＡＲα及其它相关基因或蛋白的调控来实现。     

抗巨噬细胞活化趋化因子-1抗体对脑缺血-再灌注大鼠保护作用的实验研究

目的：探讨抗巨噬细胞活化趋化因子１（Ｍａｃ１）抗体保护神经元缺血性损伤的作用机制。方法：２４只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠随机分为４组：正常对照组（４只）、伪手术组（４只）、脑缺血再灌注损伤组（脑缺血组，８只）、脑缺血再灌注损伤加Ｍａｃ１抗体实验组（脑缺血加抗体组，８只）。分离培养鼠脑毛细血管内皮细胞（ＣＣＥＣ）和多形核白细胞（ＰＭＮ），利用微管吸吮技术，观察ＰＭＮ与ＣＣＥＣ间粘附力学特性的变化。结果：脑缺血再灌注后各时间点，ＰＭＮ与ＣＣＥＣ粘附力和粘附应力均明显高于正常对照组和伪手术组（Ｐ均＜０．０１）；加抗Ｍａｃ１抗体后，细胞粘附力和粘附应力均明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：脑缺血再灌注损伤后抗Ｍａｃ１抗体使ＰＭＮ与ＣＣＥＣ粘附力减小，粘附应力下降；抗粘附分子抗体将可能成为治疗缺血性脑血管疾病的一条新的有效途径     

不同品牌血细胞分析仪间脑脊液检测结果比对

摘要：目的 探讨 ２ 种品牌血细胞分析仪体液模式对脑脊液标本细胞计数与分类检测结果的重复性与可比性。 方法 收集新 鲜脑脊液标本 ４０ 例，参照 ＣＬＳＩ ＥＰ９?Ａ３ 文件，分别用迈瑞 ＢＣ?６０００Ｐｌｕｓ 和 Ｓｙｓｍｅｘ ＸＮ?１０００ ２ 个品牌血细胞分析仪体液模式检 测，将体液总有核细胞计数（ＴＣ?ＢＦ）、体液白细胞计数（ＷＢＣ?ＢＦ）、体液红细胞计数（ＲＢＣ?ＢＦ）、单个核细胞计数（ＭＮ）及多个 核细胞计数（ＰＭＮ）结果进行批内不精密度分析，通过 ＥＳＤ 法进行离群值检验，根据偏差图的差值变化特征选用最佳回归模型 拟合回归方程，计算各参数的 ９５％置信区间（ＣＩ）和医学决定水平处的偏移，以科室设定的质量目标为可接受标准。 结果 ＢＣ?６０００Ｐｌｕｓ 与 ＸＮ?１０００ 的体液模式结果重复性较好，符合科室质量目标范围要求；组内相关系数分析结果表明两仪器的检 测结果一致性较好，ＴＣ?ＢＦ、ＷＢＣ?ＢＦ、ＲＢＣ?ＢＦ、ＭＮ、ＰＭＮ 的组内相关系数（ＩＣＣ）值分别为 ０．９９８、０．９９８、０．９９９、０．９９５、０．９９５（Ｐ 均 ＜０．００１）；通过 ＥＳＤ 法确认离群值，排除离群值并补充相近浓度标本后未发现离群值点。 偏差图显示 ＴＣ?ＢＦ 与 ＷＢＣ?ＢＦ 差值 具有恒定变异系数（ＣＶ） 变化，采用加权最小二乘法（ＷＬＳ） 回归分析；ＲＢＣ?ＢＦ、ＭＮ 与 ＰＭＮ 差值为混合变化，采用 Ｐａｓｓｉｎｇ? Ｂａｂｌｏｋ 回归分析；将高、低水平浓度值代入回归方程，其偏移均小于可接受标准。 结论 迈瑞 ＢＣ?６０００Ｐｌｕｓ 与 Ｓｙｓｍｅｘ ＸＮ?１０００ 的体液模式结果具有较好重复性，系统间结果具有可比性、一致性，能为临床提供可靠、准确的检验数据。     

超短波对多形核白细胞释放β—葡萄糖醛酸酶的影响

目的：从生物分子学水平研究超短波的作用机制。方法：将大鼠分成正常组、炎症组、活体组、试管组，观察大鼠体液在超短波作用前后多形核白细胞（ＰＭＮｓ）释放β－葡萄糖醛酸酶（β－ｇ）的情况。结果：正常大鼠的体液不论在活体内，还是在试管内，超短波作用后β－ｇ大量释放；当大鼠有炎症时，酶大量释放的情况下，超短波可抑制酶的释放。结论：超短波对ＰＭＮｓ释放β－ｇ有双向调节作用。     

抗PML—RARα反义核酸对NB4细胞形态,PML—RARα mRNA及蛋白质？…

目的 探讨抗ＰＭＬ－ＲＡＲα反义核酸（ＦＵＡＳ）对ＮＢ４细胞的分化、ＰＭＬ－ＲＡＲα ｍＲＮＡ表达及ＰＭＬ／ＰＭＬ－ＲＡＲα蛋白细胞内定位的影响。方法 以ＮＢ４细胞为研究对象，细胞形态观察采用Ｗｒｉｇｈｔ染以法；ＰＭＬ－ＲＡＲαｍＲＮＡ表达采用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ法；ＰＭＬ／ＰＭＬ－ＲＡＲα蛋白细胞内定位采用免疫荧光技术。结果 ＦＵＡＳ处理后第５天，细胞出现部分分化。处理后２４，７２，１２０小时，ＰＭＬ－     

3－磷酸甘油脱氢酶偶联法测定血清醛缩酶活性

探讨用３－磷酸甘油脱氢酶偶联法测定血清中醛缩酶（ＡＬＤ）活性的最佳反应条件。反应体系的终末浓度：ＴＥＡ１００ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＦＤＰ４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，碘乙酸０．２２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＮＡＤＨ０．２６ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＧＤＨ≥１０００Ｕ／Ｌ，ＴＰＩ≥１５００Ｕ／Ｌ，ＬＤ≥１０００Ｕ／Ｌ。最适ｐＨ在７．８～８．０，Ｋｍ为７．２×１０－３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ。批内ＣＶ：酶活性在７．３４Ｕ／Ｌ和６５．０６Ｕ／Ｌ时，ＣＶ分别为５．７％和１．４％；批间ＣＶ：酶活性在１１．８９Ｕ／Ｌ和１００．０８Ｕ／Ｌ时，ＣＶ分别为６．０％和３．３％，酶活性线性范围至少可达１８０Ｕ／Ｌ。健康人６０名，ＡＬＤ活性为４．５３±１．１７（ｘ±ｓ）Ｕ／Ｌ，男女两组均值无显著性差异。本文对ＴＥＡ－ＨＣｌ（ｐＨ８．０）、Ｔｒｉｓ－ＨＣｌ（ｐＨ８．０）和Ｃｏｌｉｄｉｎｅ－ＨＣｌ（ｐＨ７．５）三种缓冲液用于ＡＬＤ活性测定效果进行了评价，结果表明在ＴＥＡ缓冲液中所测ＡＬＤ活性最高；ＴＥＡ和Ｃｏｌｉｄｉｎｅ两种缓冲液的浓度在２５～１５０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内对ＡＬＤ活性无影响，Ｔｒｉｓ缓冲液在５０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时测得酶活性较高，缓冲液浓度过高或过低，酶活性均有所下降     

三氧化二砷诱导NB4细胞凋亡的端粒酶活性研究

我们检测了三氧化二砷 (Ａｓ2 Ｏ3 )诱导ＮＢ4细胞凋亡时的端粒酶活性 ,旨在探讨细胞凋亡与端粒酶调控之间的关系。材料和方法1　细胞株　ＮＢ4细胞株由苏州大学第一医院 ,江苏省血液病研究所惠赠。2　主要试剂　Ａｓ2 Ｏ3 购自Ｓｉｇｍａ公司 ,用 1ｍｏｌ/ＬＮａＯＨ将Ａｓ2 Ｏ3 溶解 ,调ｐＨ值至 7.2 ,双蒸水配制成 1ｍｍｏｌ/Ｌ贮存液 ,使用时用ＲＰＭＩ 16 40完全培养基稀释到所需浓度。端粒酶检测试剂盒(ＴＲＡＰ ｅｚｅｔｅｌｏｍｅｒａｓｅｄｅｔｅｃｔｉｏｎｋｉｔ)购自德国宝灵曼公司。3　细胞培养　ＮＢ4细胞在 37℃、饱和湿度、…     

抗巨噬细胞活化趋化因子—1抗体对脑缺血—再灌注大鼠保？…

目的：探讨抗巨噬细胞活化趋化因子－１（Ｍａｃ－１）抗体保护神经元缺血性损伤的作用机制。方法：２４只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠随机分为４组：正常对照组（４只）、伪手术组（４只）、脑缺血－再灌注损伤组（脑缺血组，８只）、脑缺血－再灌注损伤加Ｍａｃ－１抗体实验组（脑缺血加抗体组，８只）。分离培养鼠脑毛细血管内皮细胞（ＣＣＥＣ）和多形核白细胞（ＰＭＮ），利用微管吸吮技术，观察ＰＭＮ与ＣＣＥＣ间粘附力学特性的变化。结     

大鼠PMN在在黄色葡萄球菌免疫激活下粘弹性变化的实验研究

利用微管吸吮技术研究不同浓度金黄色葡萄球菌及其代谢液作用下多形核中性粒白细胞(PMN)粘弹性的变化。结果发现,金黄色葡萄球菌代谢液对PMN粘弹性无显著影响,而金黄色葡萄球菌悬液则对PMN的粘弹性有显著影响,各参数值随金黄色葡萄球菌浓度的增加而显著递增,当金黄色葡萄球菌浓度达10倍PMN浓度时趋于稳定。结果表明,PMN受金黄色葡萄球菌刺激后刚性和粘性均增加,有利于在局部微循环中滞留粘附,发生炎性反应。     

中药苦参碱对K562细胞骨架结构与功能的影响(英文)

目的从细胞骨架方面进一步探索苦参碱对人白血病K562细胞株的作用机制。方法0.1g/L苦参碱处理K562细胞24h前后,采用微管吮吸技术检测其黏弹系数的改变,并运用基因芯片技术分析细胞骨架蛋白基因表达的改变情况。结果0.1g/L苦参碱作用K562细胞24h后:弹性系数K1由725.7±215.1下降432.5±67.2;弹性系数K2由433.1±119.3下降242.5±31.2;黏性系数μ由71.5±38.0下降至49.5±15.3。细胞骨架类基因prefoldin与ezrin的mRNA表达增强。结论苦参碱能够导致K562细胞的骨架结构与功能发生变化。     

氯胺酮对神经病理性疼痛大鼠脊髓P2X_4受体mRNA表达的影响

目的:研究氯胺酮对神经病理性疼痛大鼠脊髓P2X_4受体mRNA表达的影响.方法:雄性SD大鼠45只,体重180～220g,随机分为假手术组(S组)、对照组(C组)和氯胺酮Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(KⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组),每组9只.S组大鼠仅分离坐骨神经但不结扎,其余组建立坐骨神经慢性压迫性损伤(CCI)模型,K Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别于CCI后3d开始至取材点每天腹腔注射氯胺酮5mg/kg、10mg/kg、20mg/kg;S组和C组注射相同体积的生理盐水.各组大鼠分别于术前1d,术后3d、7d、14d、21d测定大鼠机械性痛觉过敏(MWT)和热痛觉过敏(TWL).各组均分别于CCI术后7d、14d、21d取3只大鼠,测定痛阈后处死,取L_(4～5)脊髓组织,用逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)方法测定P2X_4受体mRNA表达水平.结果:与术前及S组比较,C组、K Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组术后3d开始热痛阈及机械痛阈显著降低(P＜0.05).与C组比较,K Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组术后7d,14d,21d热痛阈及机械痛阈显著升高(P＜0.05).与S组比较,C组、K Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组大鼠脊髓P2X_4受体表达在术后7d、14d、21d均显著增加(P＜0.05);与C组大鼠比较,K Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组脊髓P2X_4受体表达明显减少(P＜0.05).结论:腹腔注射氯胺酮可抑制慢性神经痛大鼠痛觉过敏,该作用可能是通过作用于P2X_4受体介导的.     

A comparison of the quasi-static mechanical and non-linear viscoelastic properties of the human semitendinosus and gracilis tendons

Background

Over 50-% of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions are performed using semitendinosus and gracilis tendon autografts. Despite their increased use, there remains little quantitative data on their mechanical behavior. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the quasi-static mechanical and non-linear viscoelastic properties of human semitendinosus and gracilis tendons, as well as the variation of these properties along their length.

Methods

Specimens were subjected to a series of uniaxial tensile tests: 1-h static stress-relaxation test, 30 cycle cyclic stress-relaxation test and load to failure test. To describe the non-linear viscoelastic behavior, the quasi-linear viscoelastic theory was utilized to model data from the static stress-relaxation experiment.

Findings

The constants describing the viscoelastic behavior were similar between the proximal and distal halves of the gracilis tendon. The proximal half of the semitendinosus tendon, however, had a greater viscous response than its distal half, which was also significantly higher than the proximal gracilis tendon. In terms of the quasi-static mechanical properties, the properties were similar between the proximal and distal halves of the semitendinosus tendon. However, the distal gracilis tendon showed a significantly higher tangent modulus and ultimate stress compared to its proximal half, which was also significantly higher than the distal semitendinosus tendon.

Interpretation

The results of this study demonstrate differences between the semitendinosus and gracilis tendons in terms of their quasi-static mechanical and non-linear viscoelastic properties. These results are important for establishing surgical preconditioning protocols and graft selection.     

The impact of configuration of the Ilizarov fixator on its stiffness and the degree of loading of distraction rods

BackgroundThe mechanical parameters of the Ilizarov fixator are influenced by many factors related to its spatial configuration. The aim of this study was to experimentally evaluate the impact of the type of implant and the number of distraction rods on the uniformity of loading of distraction rods and stiffness coefficients of the Ilizarov fixator.MethodsThe tests were carried out on a physical model. The model was mounted in a universal loading station MTS 858 Mini Bionix. Forces in distraction rods are measured with the use of strain gauge force transducers. Displacements of bone fragments were measured by means of digital image correction.FindingsIn the case of a fixator with 3 distraction rods, configuration of implants has no statistically significant effect on the forces occurring in distraction rods. In the case of a fixator with 4 distraction rods, there are statistically significant differences in the forces in distraction rods. The highest transverse stiffness coefficients occurs in the system with 4 distraction rods and the configuration of 1K1S implants, while the smallest transverse stiffness coefficients occurs in the fixator with 4 distraction rods and the configuration of 0K1S implants.InterpretationBased on the results of experiments on the physical model, we observed an asymmetry in the distribution of forces transmitted through distraction rods. The configuration with 3 distraction rods provides more uniform distribution of forces in distraction rods and reduces the impact of the implant configuration on transverse stiffness coefficients. The use of a configurations with 4 rods may be advantageous when we want to obtain greater transverse stiffness coefficients of a system consisting of the fixator and fragments of the lengthened bone.     

氯胺酮对大鼠蓝斑核和内侧前额叶皮质C-Fos蛋白表达的影响

目的:检测氯胺酮对大鼠蓝斑核(locus coeruleus,LC)和内侧前额叶皮质(medial prefrontalcortex,mPFC)c-Fos蛋白表达的影响。方法:24只Wistar大鼠随机分为4组(n=6):对照1组、2组(C1组、C2组),氯胺酮1组、2组(K1组、K2组),分别腹腔注射生理盐水,氯胺酮100 mg/kg。C1组和K1组用于检测大鼠用药120 min内的行为学变化和第120 min时的热痛阈值;C2组和K2组用于通过Western blotting方法检测用药第120 min时,LC和mPFC脑区Fos蛋白的表达水平。结果:K1组较C1组热痛阈值明显升高(P<0.05),运动亢进、刻板行为也有显著差异(P<0.01)。K2组较C2组LC和mPFC处Fos蛋白表达均明显增多(P<0.05和P<0.01)。结论:氯胺酮可引起热痛镇痛效应和行为异常,伴有LC和mPFC的Fos蛋白表达增加。     

Viscoelastic properties of the ovine posterior spinal ligaments are strain dependent

Background

The biomechanical role of the posterior spinal ligaments for spinal stability has been stated in previous studies. The investigation of the viscoelastic properties of human lumbar spinal ligaments is essential for the understanding of physiological differences between healthy and degenerated tissues. The stress-relaxation behavior of biological tissues is commonly described with the quasi-linear viscoelastic model of Fung, which assumes that the stress-relaxation response is independent of the applied strain. The goal of this study was to investigate the stress-relaxation response of ovine posterior spinal ligaments at different elongations to verify the above-mentioned hypothesis.

Methods

Twenty-four ovine lumbar spinal segments, consisting of only the supraspinous and interspinous ligaments and adjoining spinous processes, were elongated uniaxially to different strain levels within the physiological elastic region (5–20%). The experimental data were described with a non-linear viscoelastic model: the modified superposition method of Findley.

Findings

A linear dependency of the relaxation rate to the applied strains was observed on intact segments, when both ligaments were considered, as well as on each individual ligament. This result can be applied to the human spinal ligaments, due to similarities observed between the sheep and human spinal segment under physiological loading.

Interpretation

The non-linear viscoelastic modified superposition method of Findley is an appropriate model for describing the viscoelastic properties of lumbar spinal ligaments in vitro due to its ability to address variation in applied strain during the force relaxation measurements.     

Determination of the correlations between oxidant and antioxidant systems in bronchial asthma

The authors devised a method for calculating the correlations of alpha-tocopherol and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity to lipid peroxidation (LPO), presented in the form of the following coefficients: K1 = alpha-tocopherol/LPO, K2 = = SOD/LPO X 100. In patients with a bronchial asthma attack, there was an appreciable decrease in the K1 and K2 with a tendency toward recovery in the inactive disease phase. The coefficients ascended to relatively high values if the patients responded well to the treatment. As the disease duration increased (up to 5 years), there was a progressive lowering of the coefficients, with the LPO values being the highest and with those of alpha-tocopherol and SOD being low. The estimates under study were discovered to depend on the external respiration as shown by spirography and pneumotachometry. It has been demonstrated that the coefficients suggested by the authors characterize not only the level of the LPO-AOA system compensation but also of the pathological process on the whole. The data obtained point to the importance of determining the coefficients for the assessment of the patient's status gravity, the degree of the improvement following treatment, the disease gravity, and prognosis.     

Viscoelastic shoe insoles: their use in aerobic dancing

To determine whether use of viscoelastic insoles would significantly decrease the frequency of musculoskeletal overuse injury in aerobic dancers, 139 high-level aerobic dancers were divided randomly into two groups. The control group received placebo foam insoles and test subjects were fitted with viscoelastic insoles. Subjects used these insoles during dance class for 15 weeks. Injury rates were low in both groups and no statistical difference was found. Pain syndromes were fewer in the group using viscoelastic insoles, but the difference was not statistically significant. About a third of dancers fitted with viscoelastic insoles and a tenth of placebo insert wearers found that the insoles made their shoes too tight to be comfortable. No conclusion can be drawn on whether shock-absorbing insoles decrease injuries from aerobic dancing, but use of viscoelastic insoles may improve comfort and provide pain relief for some high-level aerobic dancers if proper fit is achieved.     

LACK OF PRESYNAPTIC EFFECTS OF KETANSERIN ON CARDIAC NORADRENERGIC NERVE TERMINALS IN THE SHR

The potential cardiac presynaptic effects of ketanserin (K) (0.01-3.00 mg/kg IV) were investigated in pithed SHR in 4 experimental conditions: (a) basal heart rate (HR); (b) HR increased by selective cardiac sympathetic stimulation (SS); (c) HR increased by aminophylline infusion; and (d) HR increased by SS and brought back to basal value by clonidine. Control groups were treated with saline. In the 4 types of experiments, K, starting from 0.3 mg/kg, induced almost identical and dose-dependent decreases in HR (maximal reduction: 45 beats/(min at 3 mg/kg). Thus we conclude: (1) that K is devoid of any presynaptic facilitatory effect on norepinephrine release since it was unable to raise HR in experiment D; (2) that K is devoid of any presynaptic inhibitory effect on norepinephrine release since it lowered HR to the same extent in both experiments B (noradrenergic tachycardia) and (non-noradrenergic tachycardia); and C (3) that the bradycardia which was induced by high doses of K (much above those required to block 5-HT2 and alpha 1-adrenergic receptors) and which was of similar magnitude in the 4 experimental conditions is probably due to a direct, nonspecific depressant effect of K on the sinus node.