皮肤的结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤1例

对1例皮肤的结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤临床病理结合免疫组化染色、EB病毒原位杂交及T细胞受体基因重排进行分析.右胫后多发结节,组织病理特征为肿瘤组织在真皮及皮下组织内弥漫性浸润,肿瘤组织具有血管中心性及血管破坏性特点,肿瘤细胞具有异型性.瘤细胞表达CD2,CD56,颗粒酶B,EBER阳性,未检测到TCR克隆性基因重排.诊断为皮肤的结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤.皮肤的结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤恶性度高、预后差;诊断有赖于组织病理及免疫表型检测及EBER原位杂交技术.     

皮肤的结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤1例及文献复习

目的报道1例皮肤结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤,以引起临床和病理医师对此病的关注。方法通过临床病理分析结合免疫组化染色、EB病毒原位杂交及T细胞受体基因重排的PCR检测分析确诊。结果左膝内后方皮损初次活检诊断为结节性脂膜炎,1个月内再次活检示真皮和皮下脂肪内肿瘤大片坏死,瘤细胞异型性明显,血管中心性浸润和血管坏死。瘤细胞表达CD2,CD8,CD45RO,CD56,TIA-1,GranzymeB和LMP-1,EB病毒(+);未检测到TCR-γ的克隆性基因重排。诊断为皮肤的结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤。结论皮肤的结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤恶性度高、易误诊、预后差;诊断有赖于常规组织病理结合分子病理技术。     

原发皮肤的儿童结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤-鼻外型1例及文献复习

目的报道1例原发皮肤的儿童结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤,鼻外型,并回顾文献,学习该病的临床特征、组织病理、免疫组化及治疗预后特点,以提高临床医生对该病的认识。方法分析本例原发皮肤的儿童结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤-鼻外型患者的临床表现、辅助检查、病理组化及治疗预后,并复习近年国内外相关文献。结果 11岁男性患儿表现为皮肤结节、斑块伴乏力,肝脾淋巴结明显肿大。实验室检查示白细胞和血小板降低,肝酶升高,乳酸脱氢酶升高,凝血时间延长,血液EBV-PCR高度复制。组织病理提示局部或弥漫大小不一淋巴细胞浸润,可见核碎裂,部分细胞核大深染。免疫组化:CD3(+)、CD20(-)、CD56(+++)、颗粒酶B(+)、T细胞胞浆内抗原-1(+)、Ki-67约30%~40%(+);EB病毒编码RNA原位杂交(+++)。诊断:原发皮肤的结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤,鼻外型。告知病情后家属放弃治疗。结论不同于鼻型,本病的临床表现特异性不高,易误诊为脂膜炎等,多合并系统受累,确诊依靠组织病理、免疫组化、EBV病原学检验及结合临床表现。尽管采用强势化疗,本病仍预后不良。     

皮下脂膜炎样T细胞淋巴瘤与皮肤结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤的鉴别

皮下脂膜炎样T细胞淋巴瘤和皮肤结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤是两类特殊而少见的皮肤淋巴瘤.当后者累及皮下脂肪组织时,二者在临床表现、组织病理、免疫表型上有重叠,鉴别非常困难.该文对这两种皮肤淋巴瘤与EB(Epstein-Barr)病毒感染的关系、临床表现、组织病理学特点、免疫表型、分子遗传学特征及预后等方面作一对比性综述.     

累及皮肤的结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤

报告1例累及皮肤的结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤.患者男,72岁.确诊结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤8年后,鼻根部出现红肿、破溃.根据皮损、组织病理检查和免疫组化染色结果确诊.     

结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤4例及临床与病理分析

目的探讨结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤的临床及组织病理学特点。方法分析4例患者的皮疹特点、实验室检查和组织病理等临床资料。结果4例患者中男1例,女3例,平均年龄52.5岁,皮损表现为溃疡、肿块和紫癜等,其中3例患者皮损均发生于面部,1例患者皮损发生于下颌及双下肢,组织病理检查示瘤细胞的弥漫性浸润,细胞大小不等,瘤细胞异型性明显;免疫组织化学显示瘤细胞表达CD56、CD3ε、粒酶B,EBER1/2原位杂交阳性。结论结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤具有独特的组织病理及免疫组化特征,皮损临床表现、常规实验室检查亦对诊断有提示意义。     

皮肤结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤10例临床及组织病理特征分析

目的:分析皮肤结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤临床及组织病理特点。方法:收集2012年10月——2019年5月该院皮肤科诊治的10例皮肤结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤患者,对其皮损、皮损组织病理及免疫组化等进行回顾性分析,并随访患者生存情况。结果:所有患者中男5例及女5例。4例皮损位于四肢,3例位于鼻、面部,3例泛发全身,皮损均表现为红斑、结节、溃疡及水疱。本组患者皮损组织病理均表现为不典型的淋巴细胞浸润,不规则折叠核,肿瘤细胞围绕血管中心性生长,血管阻塞破坏及凝固性坏死,可浸润至真皮及皮下组织。原位杂交示浸润的不典型淋巴细胞EB病毒编码RNA(EBER)(10例)胞核阳性。免疫组化示T细胞胞质内抗原(TIA)-1(10例)、CD3(5例)和颗粒酶B(7例)胞质阳性,CD56(6例)、CD30(3例)、CD8(2例)和CD20(2例)胞膜阳性,增殖核抗原(Ki-67)(10例)胞核约5%～90%阳性。10例患者中6例死亡,发病至死亡时间5～75个月。结论:皮肤结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤疾病进展快,皮损泛发者提示预后不良。     

原发皮肤结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤-鼻型临床组织病理、免疫表型及基因型分析

目的:探讨原发皮肤结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤-鼻型(EN-NK/T-NT)的临床、组织病理学、免疫表型及基因型特点.方法:对2例原发皮肤EN-NK/T-NT进行临床特征、组织病理学形态和免疫组化分析,以及EB(Ebstein-Barr)病毒(EBV)原位杂交及T细胞受体γ基因PCR重排检测.结果:2例患者发病均表现为皮肤症状,双下肢皮肤多发浸润性红斑伴溃疡,无中面部症状.组织病理均示中至大型异形淋巴细胞弥漫浸润真皮和皮下组织,肿瘤细胞核不规则,核仁不明显,胞质中等量,可见血管壁浸润,凋亡及坏死明显.免疫组化肿瘤细胞CD3ε、CD56、细胞毒蛋白、表达于T细胞的T-box(T-bet)及erythroblastosis virus E26oncogene homolog(ETS)-1阳性,皮肤淋巴细胞相关抗原(CLA)例1阴性、例2阳性;EBV强阳性;T细胞受体γ基因重排呈胚系构型.结论:原发皮肤EN-NK/T-NT与原发鼻EN-NK/T-NT组织病理学及相关分子生物学特点一致,其发生与发展转归值得深入研究.     

种痘水疱样皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤1例

种痘水疱样皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤( hydro vaceiniforme-like cutaneous T- cell lymphoma,HVLCTCL)是一种与EB病毒慢性活动性感染相关的罕见的T细胞淋巴瘤,复习国内文献,自2006年渠涛等1报道以来,迄今报道不过20例.由于2005年WHO/EORTC皮肤淋巴瘤分类中,本病被认为是结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤(鼻型)的一个特型,2而未具体命名,故迄今国外仍有多种名称,如原发性皮肤EB病毒相关性T细胞淋巴增生性疾病(primary cutaneous Epstein - Barr virus - assci—ated T - cell lymphoproliferative disordes)、种痘水疱样淋巴瘤(hydro vacciniforme- like lymphoma)3、EBV相关性皮肤NK/T -细胞淋巴瘤(EBV - associated cutaneous NK/T- cell lymphoma)4、水疱样淋巴瘤( hydro - like lymphoma)5、种痘水疱样原发性皮肤CD8阳性T细胞淋巴瘤(hydro vacciniforme - like primary cutaneous CD8 - positive T- cell lynphoma)6、种痘样皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤7等.相广才等则习惯用牛痘样水疱病样皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤.8现将我们所见1例报道如下,并对迄今为止国内相关皮肤科文献报道的18例患者的临床组织病理、免疫组化及EB病毒检测等情况结合近期国外文献进行了复习.     

结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤1例

报告1例结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤患者。患者男,36岁。因"全身散在浸润性红斑、紫红色斑块4个月"就诊。皮肤科检查:躯干、四肢散在分布硬币至核桃大小的红色、紫红色斑块,浸润感明显,双侧腹股沟及腋下淋巴结肿大,左侧睾丸肿胀。经皮肤组织病理及免疫组化检查确诊为"结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤"。     

Evaluation of dermoscopic and histopathologic features and their correlations in pigmented basal cell carcinomas

BACKGROUND: Because of their clinical similarities, pigmented basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) can be confused with melanocytic pigmented lesions especially with melanoma. Since special dermoscopic features have been described for pigmented BCCs, dermoscopy is accepted as a useful tool for the diagnosis of pigmented BCCs. OBJECTIVE: To investigate dermoscopic and corresponding histopathologic features of BCCs and to evaluate their correlations in pigmented BCCs. METHODS: In this study, 32 pigmented BCCs in 30 patients whose diagnoses were confirmed with clinical and histopathologic features were included. Before the histopathologic evaluation, the lesions were analysed for dermoscopic features. Histopathologic correlations of dermoscopic features of BCCs and the localization of pigment accumulation in tumour mass were investigated. RESULTS: In addition to ulceration, large grey-blue ovoid nests, multiple grey-blue globules, maple leaf areas and arborizing telangiectasia; dermoscopically yellow-brown, whitish-yellow, and black-dark brown colour showed statistically significant correlation with their histopathologic counterparts (P < 0.05). Whitish veil, which is among dermoscopic features of BCCs, did not show significant correlation with its histopathologic counterpart (P > 0.05). It was histopathologically determined that pigmentation is found within the tumour mass as well as in the tumour stroma and in the hyperplastic epidermal melanocytes. CONCLUSIONS: Ulceration, large grey-blue ovoid nests, multiple grey-blue globules, maple leaf-like areas and arborizing telangiectasia, which are specific dermoscopic features for the diagnosis of pigmented BCC, were found to correlate with their histopathologic counterparts. In conclusion, dermoscopy can be described as a valuable tool for the diagnosis of pigmented basal cell carcinomas.     

Diagnosis and follow-up of keratoacanthoma-like lesions: clinical-histologic study of 43 cases

BACKGROUND: Keratoacanthoma (KA) is easily confused with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) on a clinical or a histopathologic basis. However, KA undergoes spontaneous regression, whereas SCC does not. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to study the histopathologic features associated with clinical regression in KA-like lesions to support the therapeutic option. METHODS: Forty-three biopsies of KA-like lesions were taken at patient admission. One month later, surgical excision was performed in 18 growing lesions. Regressing lesions were left untreated. Classic histopathologic features and diagnosis were blindly recorded in both biopsies and surgical specimens. RESULTS: On a clinical and a histologic basis, 32 lesions were assessed as KA and 11 as SCC. Features that indicated malignancy were observed in both groups, but the probability of SCC was 31 times higher in tumors with five or more of such features. Several of the histologically atypical lesions were found to regress. CONCLUSION: SCCs and KAs have more pathologic similarities than differences, especially in the proliferative phase. The combination of the most useful features did not allow the nosologic diagnosis in difficult cases but helped. Differential diagnosis was easier to determine after the 1-month follow up. Complete surgical excision should be indicated in nonregressing and growing lesions.     

线状皮肤型红斑狼疮

目的:分析线状皮肤型红斑狼疮的临床表现、组织病理及免疫组化组织病理特点.方法:采用回顾性分析方法对7例线状皮肤型红斑狼绝患者的临床表现、组织病理改变、免疫荧光及实验窀检查资料进行分析.结果:7例患者中男2例,女5例;平均年龄23岁(4～40岁);平均发病年龄19.43岁(3～37岁),其中2例发病年龄<6岁.皮损部位:1例位于左下肢,其余6例均位于头面部.皮损均呈线状分布,其走向与Blasehko线一致;所有患者均无系统受累的证据.结合组织病理和免疫荧光检查,6例诊断为线状盘状红斑狼疮,1例为线状深在性红斑狼疮.结论:线状皮肤型红斑狼疮是红斑狼疮的罕见变异型,不引起系统受累.临床诊断有一定困难,需借助于组织病理和免疫荧光检查.     

The spectrum of Spitz nevi: a clinicopathologic study of 83 cases

OBJECTIVE: To achieve a clinicopathologic classification of Spitz nevi by comparing their clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathologic features. DESIGN: Eighty-three cases were independently reviewed by 3 histopathologists and preliminarily classified into classic or desmoplastic Spitz nevus (CDSN, n = 11), pigmented Spitz nevus (PSN, n = 14), Reed nevus (RN, n = 16), or atypical Spitz nevus (ASN, n = 14); the remaining 28 cases were then placed into an intermediate category (pigmented Spitz-Reed nevus, PSRN) because a unanimous diagnosis of either PSN or RN was not reached. SETTING: University dermatology and pathology departments and general hospital pathology departments. PATIENTS: A sample of subjects with excised melanocytic lesions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Frequency of dermoscopic patterns within the different histopathologic subtypes of Spitz nevi. RESULTS: Overlapping clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathologic findings were observed among PSN, RN, and PSRN, thereby justifying their inclusion into the single PSRN diagnostic category. Asymmetry was the most frequent indicator of histopathologic ASN (79%; n = 11); in only 4 cases did dermoscopic asymmetry show no histopathologic counterpart, and in those cases the discrepancy was probably the result of an artifact of the gross sampling technique carried out with no attention to the dermoscopic features. CONCLUSIONS: Among Spitz nevi, histopathologic distinction between PSN and RN is difficult, not reproducible, and may be clinically useless. A simple clinicopathologic classification of these neoplasms might therefore be structured as CDSN, PSRN, and ASN. Asymmetry should be assessed using both dermoscopic and histopathologic analysis, and reliability in histopathologic diagnosis may be enhanced by the simultaneous evaluation of the corresponding dermoscopic images.     

Necrolytic migratory erythema: clinicopathologic study of 13 cases

BACKGROUND: The clinical mucocutaneous manifestations of glucagonoma syndrome are recognized easily when they occur in the classic pattern of acral or periorificial lesions evolving in recurrent crops, with an annular and migratory distribution, in a patient with diabetes mellitus who has had recent weight loss and anemia. Not infrequently, noncharacteristic clinical and histopathologic features are observed and, in these cases, the diagnosis of pancreatic neoplasm may be delayed. AIM: To review the clinical and histopathologic features of cutaneous manifestations of glucagonoma syndrome. METHODS: The clinicopathologic features of 13 patients (eight women) with widespread or localized cutaneous eruption as a manifestation of islet cell pancreatic carcinoma with marked glucagon secretion (glucagonoma) were reviewed. RESULTS: The definitive diagnosis of the cutaneous eruption was established at the time of diagnosis of the pancreatic neoplasm (three patients) or afterwards (10 patients). In nine patients, the mucocutaneous manifestations preceded the diagnosis of the pancreatic neoplasm by 1 month to 3 years (mean, 12 months). In only eight biopsy specimens were the histopathologic features considered to be suggestive or characteristic of necrolytic migratory erythema. Diffuse parakeratosis, that occasionally arose abruptly from normal epidermis, was observed in 12 biopsy specimens. By the time necrolytic migratory erythema was diagnosed, the pancreatic carcinoma had metastasized to the liver, regional lymph nodes, or bone in 12 patients. CONCLUSION: Increased awareness of the polymorphic mucocutaneous and nonspecific histopathologic features of glucagonoma syndrome is needed to avoid unnecessary delay in the diagnosis of this syndrome.     

Linear nevus comedonicus with epidermolytic hyperkeratosis

BACKGROUND: Nevus comedonicus (NC) is rarely associated with the histopathologic pattern of follicular epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (EHK). We found eight cases reported. In one case, the condition was transmitted to the offspring in the form of generalized EHK. METHODS: We describe a case of linear NC with EHK in a 46-year-old woman. RESULTS: Histopathologic examination revealed the typical features of NC. Additionally, the follicular epithelial walls showed EHK with characteristic perinuclear vacuolization in the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum and large, irregular keratohyalin granules in the granular cell layer. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical and histopathologic features of this case are consistent with a diagnosis of linear NC with EHK. Lesions of NC suspected by clinical exam should be examined microscopically to look for features of EHK. If present, patients should be educated about the risk, albeit rare, of passing on a more severe form of the disorder to subsequent generations.     

免疫酶组织化学法检测红斑狼疮皮损狼疮带研究

目的:探讨用免疫组化方法检测红斑狼疮皮损中的免疫球蛋白沉积对其诊断的价值。方法:用辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记抗体法分析研究387例红斑狼疮患者皮损中免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA、IgM)及补体(C3、C1q)的沉积情况以及与临床诊断、组织病理学诊断的符合率。结果:临床诊断为红斑狼疮,且组织病理学诊断亦符合红斑狼疮的患者皮损中最常见、最易检出的狼疮带成分均为IgG、IgM,其次为C1q,C3与IgA不易检出;而临床诊断为红斑狼疮,但组织病理学诊断不符合的患者,皮损中几种免疫球蛋白和补体的检出率之间尚无明确差别。结论:免疫组化法检测狼疮带对红斑狼疮患者的临床和组织病理学诊断有重要参考价值,且此法简便易行,具有较好的可重复性。     

Circumscribed palmar or plantar hypokeratosis: a distinctive epidermal malformation of the palms or soles

BACKGROUND: Epidermal malformations of the skin include a group of heterogeneous developmental defects that result from errors in morphogenesis of the epidermis during intrauterine life. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to report the clinical and histopathologic features of a distinctive epidermal malformation involving the skin of the palms or soles. METHODS: Ten patients were included in this study. All of them showed the same clinical features that consisted of a solitary circumscribed and circular area of erythematous depressed skin on the palm or on the sole. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathologic study. RESULTS: All patients were middle aged or elderly. Nine patients were women and one was a man. The lesions showed predilection for the skin of the thenar and hypothenar regions of the palm or the medial side of the sole. Histopathologic study demonstrated a depression of the epidermis, with a sharp stair between normal and involved skin. The epidermis covering the depression showed markedly thinner horny layer and a slightly diminished granular cell layer when compared with adjacent noninvolved skin. Keratinocytes of the squamous cell layer, granular cells, and corneocytes showed, otherwise, a normal appearance. Serial sections failed to demonstrate cornoid lamellation. CONCLUSION: On the basis of the clinical and histopathologic findings in these 10 patients, we have named this malformation circumscribed palmar or plantar hypokeratosis. This lesion seems to be a distinctive entity that has not been previously described.