LASEK、PRK和LASIK治疗高度近视的早期疗效比较

目的：评价比较采用LASEK、PRK和LASIK治疗高度近视的早期疗效。方法：回顾性分析比较LASEK、PRK和LASIK治疗高度近视各30眼的临床资料，其中LASEK治疗的为角膜较薄、不能行LASIK治疗的高度近视。LASEK、PRK和LASIK均采用NIDEKEC-5000型准分子激光治疗仪进行激光切削，术后随访6个月，对术后疼痛、haze、裸眼视力和屈光结果进行分析比较。结果：与PRK相比，LASEK术后疼痛轻，haze发生率低。比较LASEK术后6个月时裸眼视力与术前矫正视力．差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。比较术后1、2和6个月时LASEK、PRK或LASIK各组的屈光度值．差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论：LASEK在治疗高度近视时，可产生很好的早期疗效。LASEK较PRK术后反应轻，较LASIK手术安全性高，可避免LASIK中角膜瓣并发症的发生，更适合角膜较薄的高度近视治疗。     

准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术角膜上皮瓣异常的无瓣化处理

目的探讨准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术（LASEK）角膜上皮瓣异常的无瓣化处理的临床效果。方法在行LASEK手术出现角膜上皮瓣异常的19例（22只眼）患者中,对其中观察组（11只眼）进行无瓣化处理即转成准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术（PRK）与对照组（其余11只眼）对比,术后随访3个月,观察角膜上皮愈合时间、裸眼视力变化、屈光度变化以及角膜上皮下雾状混浊（Haze）的程度。结果观察组病例上皮愈合时间明显提前,平均3．27d,对照组平均6．09d,两组对比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;在术后的随访中,在两组视力、屈光度、Haze程度的对比中,观察组要好于对照组,但两者差异无统计学意义（P均〉0．05）。结论LASEK手术上皮瓣制作异常时,对于低中度近视而言,可以去除上皮瓣转成PRK治疗。     

丝裂霉素C防止LASEK术后角膜雾状混浊的临床研究

目的探讨准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术（LASEK）术中应用丝裂霉素C（MMC）抑制术后角膜上皮下雾状混浊（Haze）的疗效。方法108例216眼行LASEK术的近视患者随机分为两组：MMC组56例112眼及对照组52例104眼。MMC组在激光切削完毕后用浸有0．02％MMC的棉片覆于角膜切削区1-1．5min；对照组采用常规LASEK手术。术后早期观察眼部刺激症状及角膜上皮愈合情况；1、3、6、12个月复查视力、屈光度、角膜Haze及角膜地形图。结果两组上皮愈合时间差异无统计学意义（P＞0，05）；术后1、3、12个月，MMC组Haze发生率明显低于对照组（P＜0．01），未出现2级及2级以上的Haze；术后1年两组达最佳矫正视力者差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。但MMC组中高于及低于最佳矫正视力1行的眼数与对照组相比，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；MMC组术后1个月与1年的角膜曲率差异无统计学意义，而对照组差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论LASEK术中应用低浓度MMC能有效抑制LASEK术后角膜Haze的产生，防止屈光状态回退，有助于视力的提高。     

LASEK治疗薄角膜近视的疗效及并发症观察

目的观察准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术（LASEK）治疗薄角膜近视眼的临床疗效及并发症。方法对75例（150眼）薄角膜近视患者行LASEK手术，其中高度近视患者术中加用丝裂霉素，时间根据屈光度大小而定。术后定期对眼部症状、视力、屈光度、角膜曲率及并发症进行随访观察。结果LASEK术后患者眼部刺激症／状较轻，有的患者术后几乎没有刺激症状，上皮愈合平均时间为（5．15±1．3）d，术后视力5～15d基本达到术前最佳矫正视力。术后所有患者角膜曲率较稳定。2例（3眼）出现屈光回退。Haze形成较轻微，多数患者为0—0．5级，2例（4眼）为1级，1例（1眼）为2级，3—6月Haze逐渐消失。3例（5眼）出现上皮延迟愈合。1例（2眼）出现丝状角膜炎。结论LASEK治疗角膜偏薄的近视是安全有效的，但对LASEK相关并发症要及时正确处理。     

准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术治疗中高度近视的效果观察

目的评价准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术（LASEK）治疗中、高度近视的临床效果。方法采用LASEK治疗68例（136眼）中高度近视，屈光度-3．25--12．0D，随访6个月，观察症状、视力、屈光状态、角膜并发症等情况。结果LASEK手术后角膜刺激症状轻微，介于PRK与LASIK之间，术后1个月裸眼视力均达0．5以上。6个月裸眼视力≥1．0者118眼占86．8％，手术后6个月角膜haze：0级72眼，0．5级54眼．1级10眼．无1例2级以上。结论LASEK治疗中高度近视具有良好的安全性、预测性和有效性，手术后疼痛症状角膜haze明显减轻，但高度近视患者易出现角膜混浊和屈光回退。     

Epi-lasik和LASEK治疗高度近视的临床疗效比较

目的探讨机械法准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术（Epi-LASIK）和准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术（LASE）治疗高度近视的疗效。方法 Epi-LASIK组高度近视患者16例（32眼）,行Epi-LASIK矫治,LASEK组高度近视患者20例（40眼）行LASEK治疗,对治疗结果进行比较。结果 Epi-LASIK组患者术后裸眼视力达到最佳矫正视力或高于最佳矫正视力的眼数比例明显高于LASEK组（P〈0.05）;屈光度明显优于LASEK组（P〈0.05）;术后角膜上皮愈合明显好于LASEK组（P〈0.05）;上皮下雾状混浊的发生率明显低于LASEK组（P〈0.05）。结论 Epi-LASIK矫治高度近视操作简单、安全、有效,较LASEK有着明显的优势,值得临床推广应用。     

丝裂霉素C对兔准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术后角膜haze形成的影响

目的探讨丝裂霉素C（MMC）对兔准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术（LASEK）后角膜雾状混浊（haze）的影响。方法对27只青紫兰兔双眼行LASEK手术,术后54眼随机分为3组,即0．02％MMC治疗组（18眼）、0．1％氟米龙治疗组（18眼）和空白对照组（18眼）。术后用裂隙灯显微镜观察角膜haze的形成情况;分别于1周、1月、2月取兔眼角膜,行光镜和透射电镜检查。结果术后1周、1月、2月,丝裂霉素C组角膜haze明显轻于对照组（P〈0．05）,MMC组术区前部基质内角膜成纤维细胞数较对照组和氟米龙组少（P〈0．05）,后两组间差异无显著性（P〉0．05）,三组间角膜上皮愈合时间差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论LASEK术后MMC可抑制角膜基质成纤维细胞的增生及胶原纤维的合成,减少haze的形成,且无明显副作用,是一种有效抑制haze形成的药物。     

LASEK治疗近视散光的临床疗效观察

目的探讨准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术（LASEK）治疗近视散光的安全性和有效性。方法对91人（182眼）近视散光患者进行LASEK手术治疗。随访12个月,观察手术后的视力,屈光度,散光及其散光轴位的变化。结果术后随访12个月,裸眼视力≥术前最佳矫正视力（BCVA）者占61．5％;所有患眼术后散光在±1．00D以内,残留散光平均为-0．24D,散光矫正74．8％,散光轴较术前偏斜23°。术前与术后结果行配对t检验,P〈0．01,二者存在显著差异。结论;隹分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术（LASEK）治疗近视散光预测性佳,安全可靠。     

丝裂霉素C在准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术中的应用

准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术（LASEK）为近年来开展的一种新的屈光手术，但术后角膜上皮下混浊（Haze）造成角膜透明度降低、表面不规则、近视回退，是屈光性角膜手术最主要的并发症。对于高度近视，特别是超高度近视患者这种情况更为严重，目前尚未有有效的解决方法，从而影响患者的视觉质量。我院2005年10月-2006年6月在LASEK术中应用0．02％丝裂霉素C（MMC），取得了满意的疗效。现报告如下。     

准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术和准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗近视疗效观察

目的评价准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术（LASEK）和准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（LASIK）对近视散光的治疗效果。方法采用美国VISXSTARs4型准分子激光系统对296例（538只眼）近视散光患者进行治疗,其中LASEK组近视度数在-1．0D～-10．0D,共119只眼;LASIK组近视度数在-1．0D～-16．0D,共419只眼;二组患者散光度数均在-0．5D～-5．0D。结果术后视力：二组患者均随访1年以上,LASEK组视力均≥0．5,其中92．18％的患者≥0．8;LASIK组视力均≥0．5,其中91．87％的患者≥0．8。结论LASEK和LASIK治疗近视散光安奎有效。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.