应用回归模型预测某县级综合医院人均住院费用增长及其原因探讨

目的:预测某县级综合医院2015年人均住院费用,为患者住院与卫生部门制定卫生决策提供依据。方法:分析2006-2014年住院费用历史资料,用最小二乘法建立直线回归模型,计算标准估计误差,修正预测模型,并用所建立的回归模型对该县级综合医院2015年人均住院费用进行预测。结果:时序t与人均住院费用Y之间存在线性回归关系,随着时间的增长,该综合医院人均住院费用不断上升。预测该县级综合医院2015年人均住院费用为2907.63元,95%可信区间为2563.72~3521.54元。结论:人均住院费用逐年增长,反映了卫生资源配置中存在的效益问题。应给医院提供一些参考建议,以减轻住院患者的医药费用负担,推动医院和谐发展。     

2007年-2013年剖宫产住院费用灰色关联分析

目的 分析剖宫产住院费用及其影响因素,为有效控制剖宫产住院费用提供参考依据.方法 收集2007年-2013年宁夏地区某三甲医院剖宫产产妇6294例,应用灰色关联模型分析住院费用主要影响因素.结果 剖宫产患者平均住院日下降16.39％,但人均及日均住院费用上涨,年均增长速度分别为8.61％、13.11％.各年度药费与平均住院费用的灰色关联系数（γ0i（k））均＞0.88,各年度化验费的关联系数（γ 0i（k））均＞0.77.2010年-2013年度药费、检查费、化验费与总费用的关联系数分别为0.970556、0.955002和0.819932.结论 药费、检查费、化验费是影响剖宫产住院费用的主要因素.加强临床用药管理措施、检查项目的应用规范,实施单病种费用控制标准,是降低剖宫产住院费用的有效措施.     

基于灰色关联法和结构变动度的急性脑梗死患者住院费用结构及影响因素分析

目的 基于灰色关联法和结构变动度分析急性脑梗死(ACI)患者住院费用结构变化及影响因素,为节省医疗费用提供依据。方法 依据灰色关联法及结构变动度对2020年1月1日-2022年12月31日某地区620例ACI患者住院费用进行分析,计算研究对象3年间住院费用的结构变化及各单项费用与总费用间的关联度;多因素Logistic回归分析研究对象住院费用的影响因素。结果 药费、治疗费、检查费、化验费、材料费所占住院费结构比例较高分别为31.36%、20.81%、17.47%、8.38%、8.29%,且住院费用有所减少,药费、治疗费及检查费与研究对象住院费用变化关联度较高分别为1、0.821、0.801,P<0.05;且除材料费外所有住院费用均呈负向变动,药费对ACI住院费用结构变动贡献率最高;此外住院天数、年龄、使用抗菌药物及伴随疾病均为ACI住院费用的影响因素,OR值分别为0.165、0.086、0.097、0.114。结论 基于灰色关联法和结构变动度分析发现,药费在住院费用占比较高,但其构成比逐年下降,ACI患者住院费用也呈逐年降低趋势,且住院天数、年龄、使用抗菌药物及伴随疾病均会影响患...     

回归分析的多重共线性问题

本文讨论了多重共线性对回归分析的最小二乘估计的几种主要影响,并分析了其影响的原因;通过对儿童生长发育资料的应用,介轺了可克服多重共线性影响的回归系统的有偏估计方法。     

基于偏最小二乘法的亚健康状态的判别

目的：采用偏最小二乘法探讨亚健康状态的判识模型。方法：采用偏最小二乘法进行建模、预测,对亚健康状态进行判别,统计判别的准确率;在逐步回归变量筛选后再次进行预测,观察判别准确率的变化情况。结果：基于偏最小二乘法建立的亚健康判识模型对亚健康状态的预测准确率为89.47%,经变量筛选后,预测准确率提高至92.10%。结论：偏最小二乘法在亚健康状态的模型判别中具有较高的准确性,在亚健康建模的研究中有一定的参考价值。基于变量筛选后预测准确率的变化,从量表优化的角度来看,偏最小二乘法也可以为变量的精简提供一定的依据。     

农村居民创伤患者住院费用构成及影响因素研究

目的 挖掘与分析农村居民创伤患者住院费用的内部构成及影响因素,为制定减轻农村居民创伤患者疾病经济负担的管理决策提供理论依据。方法 提取云南省某三甲医院2018年1月1日-2021年12月31日农村居民创伤住院患者的住院病案首页信息9493份,采用灰色关联分析、单因素分析、多重线性回归分析和随机森林回归树模型研究农村居民创伤患者住院费用构成及影响因素。结果 2018-2021年农村居民创伤患者住院费用总体呈下降趋势,年均增长率为-2.82%。住院费用内部因素关联度分析结果显示分类费用中的耗材费和药费与住院费用关联度最高,关联度分别为1.00和0.84。单因素分析筛选出年龄、住院天数、入院途径及损伤部位等8种外部因素对住院费用产生显著影响,P<0.001。多重线性回归模型分析结果显示除性别、综合医疗服务费、诊断费、治疗费、血液和血液制品费和其他费用以外的10种因素均显著影响住院费用。采用随机森林回归树模型对这些内外部因素进行重要程度排名,耗材占比、住院天数、是否三级与四级手术、药占比以及是否使用呼吸机排名前5。结论 应合理增加服务类费用比例,确保在提升医疗服务质量的基础上推进耗材与药...     

偏最小二乘在中药药性判别中的应用

目的探讨将偏最小二乘法用于中药药性判别的可行性。方法收集《中华本草》中收录的药性明确、功效主治明确的植物性中药1 725种,利用基于偏最小二乘的两种方法建立药性识别模型,用组内回代、外推预测、交叉验证等方式评价模型。结果基于偏最小二乘法的两种模型的判别效果与原来判定结果符合率分别为92.75%、94.67%,两种方法的外推预测正确率分别为85.51%、89.86%,而重复10次的5折交叉验证正确率分别达到了88.28%、90.46%。结论基于中药的功效主治,偏最小二乘法能够准确判别药性且模型稳定好,能够有效解决多重共线性等问题,为中药药性的有效判别提供了新的思路和方法。     

新灰色关联法对高额住院费用的影响因素分析

目的分析了解本院近4年来高额住院费用的影响因素及发展态势,为合理控制高额住院费用提供量化的评价依据及有意义的参考。方法运用新灰色关联分析法,结合Excel汇总分析本院2006-2009年住院费用大于10万元的626例患者住院费用的9类构成进行定量分析。结果分析结果显示,治疗费用是影响高额住院费用的最主要的因素,其次是药费。结论新灰色关联法能为系统发展变化的态势提供量化提供指标,方法可靠、合理,适合因素间关联度的衡量及动态历程分析。     

单侧乳房改良根治术患者住院费用影响因素的灰色关联分析

目的析单侧乳房改良根治术患者住院费用的影响因素,为医院管理和决策提供科学依据。方法用灰色关联法对影响住院费用的因素进行定量分析。结果总费用影响最大的是检验费、药费和手术费,其次是检查费、其他费用、诊疗费、床位费和护理费。结论院应从检验费与药费等主要影响因素着手,从而降低患者住院费用。     

垂盆草提取物流化床制粒过程参数的响应曲面模型及偏最小二乘模型研究

目的研究响应曲面回归模型及偏最小二乘回归模型对流化床制粒的颗粒粒径分布拟合结果。方法采用流化床制粒制备垂盆草颗粒,利用Box-Behnken试验设计考察粘合剂加入速度(X_1),液固比(X_2),进风温度(X_3)对颗粒粒径的影响,并分别用响应曲面回归模型及偏最小二乘回归模型研究过程参数对粒径分布的拟合情况。结果回归分析结果表明响应曲面回归模型及偏最小二乘回归模型均能较好的模拟流化床制粒结果,且响应曲面回归模型具有较好的模型拟合精度和预测能力。结论结合实验设计与不同的统计模型可深入研究流化床制粒过程,提升对流化床制粒过程的理解,为今后该产品产业化发展提供了参考和技术支持。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.