精确放疗联合化疗治疗中、晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的：探讨立体定向放射(伽玛刀)及三维适形、调强放疗配合化疗治疗中、晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的近期疗效。方法：对35例中、晚期NSCLC采用OUR-QGD型立体定向伽玛射线全身治疗系统(伽玛刀)、西门子直线加速器配套拓能三维适形、调强放射治疗计划系统进行精确放疗,放疗前1周用铂类联合诺维苯方案全身化疗一周期、放疗结束后再化疗5周期。病灶小于5cm的Ⅱa、Ⅱb病人用伽玛刀分次放疗,病灶大于5cm的病人用三维适形调强放射治疗计划系统进行适形或调强放疗;比较治疗前后影像学改变,评价近期疗效。结果：35例病人中CR6例,PR16例,总有效率62．8％。结论：精确放疗具有重复性好、周边正常组织损伤小等优点,化疗配合精确放疗具有放疗增敏、协同抗癌作用,两者联合具有较好的近期疗效,为NSCLC病人提供了新的多学科联合治疗模式。     

三维适形放射治疗局部复发鼻咽癌疗效观察

目的观察三维适形放疗治疗局部复发鼻咽癌的近期疗效及放射损伤的发生率。方法对42例局部复发鼻咽癌病例采用三维治疗计划系统设计放射治疗计划,以剂量体积直方图评价和优化放射治疗计划,头部固定装置及多叶光栅技术实施适形放射治疗。计划靶区为临床所见肿瘤区外放7~10mm,计划靶区体积(PTV)中位体积为47.6cm3(27.9~61.8cm3),时间-剂量-分次采用:(5~5.5周)-(60~70Gy)-(24~28次),全组病例均采用5~7个固定适形野共面、非共面照射。所有病例均随访,随访时间10~38个月(中位随访时间24个月)。结果三维适形放疗后,肿瘤局部控制率85.7%(36/42),2年生存率73.8%(31/42),放射损伤包括听力丧失7.1%(3/42)、张口困难35.7%(15/42)、吞咽困难7.1%(3/42)、慢性副鼻窦炎28.6%(12/42)、脑神经损伤21.4%(9/42)。结论三维适形放疗治疗鼻咽癌放疗后鼻咽部局部复发有较好的近期疗效,而放射损伤较低,远期疗效尚待进一步观察。     

三维适形放射治疗胰腺癌21例疗效分析

目的：探讨三维适形放射治疗提高胰腺癌局部肿瘤照射剂量，减少周围正常组织照射从而提高晚期胰腺癌患者疗效的可能性。方法：对21例不能手术完全切除的胰腺癌患者，常规放射治疗30Gy／15次，3W后肿瘤靶区加三维适形放射治疗，处方剂量5Gy／次～6Gy／次，每周3次，总剂量30Gy／2W～36Gy／2W。结果：21例全部完成治疗计划。13例以疼痛为主要症状的患者中，10例疼痛完全消失，3例缓解；8例以梗阻性黄疸为主的患者，黄疸全部消退。结论：对不能手术切除的晚期胰腺癌，三维适形放射治疗是一种安全有效的治疗方法，可获得比较满意的姑息止疼及消除梗阻性黄疸的作用，且无严重的放射治疗毒性反应。     

全身伽玛刀治疗中晚期食管癌的疗效观察

食管癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤之一，放疗为食道癌综合治疗中的一种手段。全身伽玛刀放射治疗与常规放射治疗不同，其最大优势可使肿瘤获得比常规放疗较高的照射剂量，减少肿瘤周围正常组织剂量，从而提高治疗增益比，全身伽玛刀自2000年应用于临床后很快便运用到食管癌的治疗中。笔者回顾性分析了本院2000年5月至2005年8月采用伽玛刀治疗食管癌患者52例的近期疗效。现报道如下。     

三维适形放射治疗食管癌术后纵隔淋巴结转移的疗效分析

目的 探讨食管癌术后纵隔淋巴结转移和复发患者三维适形放射治疗的疗效.方法 回顾分析70例接受食管癌根治术后发生上纵隔淋巴结转移的患者,分两组进行比较.其中病灶＜3cm患者31例,≥3cm患者39例.采用三维适形计划,分4～6野,对肿瘤区域常规分割照射,总剂量56～66Gy.两组资料具有可比性.结果 放疗后肿大淋巴结完全缓解率为40%,部分缓解率41.4%,总缓解率81.4%.中位生存期分别为14月,1、2年生存率分别为56.5%和17.0%,淋巴结病灶直径小于3cm与大于等于3cm两组间近期疗效差别有统计学意义(χ2=18.893,P=0.00).死亡原因主要为远处转移.结论 食管癌纵隔淋巴结转移对放疗较敏感,三维适形放射治疗有较好的姑息治疗效果.     

三维适形放射治疗脑胶质瘤的效果评价

目的探讨三维适形放射治疗脑胶质瘤切除术后的效果。方法使用三维适形放射治疗脑胶质瘤手术切除后111例,109例获随访,随访时间3～45个月。结果大部分病例治疗后在随访期内症状改善,影像学检查显示病灶稳定或缩小。结论三维适形放射治疗可以作为颅内肿瘤综合治疗中的一种安全而有效的方法。     

三维适形放疗治疗晚期腹部恶性肿瘤的疗效观察及近期疗效相关因素分析

目的探讨三维适形放疗在治疗晚期腹部恶性肿瘤上的临床疗效,并观察分析影响近期疗效的主要因素。方法选取了2010年6月-2012年6月我院收治诊断为晚期腹部恶性肿瘤共50例,对其给予三维适形放疗,其中每次照射的剂量为350-400cGy,每周3-5次,在放射治疗结束后对患者的肿瘤结构组织及病灶进行检查分析。结果在结束放射治疗后对患者肿瘤组织的情况进行分析检查,结果发现有3例患者得到完全的治愈,症状完全缓解,占6%;症状部分缓解的7例,占14%;经过治疗病情稳定的为26例,占52%;肿瘤进一步扩散恶化患者为14例,占28%。统计发现通过放射治疗的总有效率为72%。结论在晚期腹部恶性肿瘤的治疗上,采取三维适形放疗的方法可以抑制肿瘤的进一步恶化,缓解相关的症状,从而帮助患者实现有效的恢复,提高生存的治疗及生存率。而在近期疗效上来看,放疗剂量的大小是影响腹部恶性肿瘤放疗效果的重要影响因素。     

三维立体定向适形放射治疗肝癌

目的:观察三维立体定向适形放射治疗肝癌的近期疗效.方法:98例肝癌,采用OUR-OGD型三维立体定向伽玛射线全身治疗系统(体部伽玛刀),单次剂量5～7Gy.结果:治疗结束后3～6个月复查AFP和CT,CR PR=79.3%.结论:该技术是治疗无手术指征的中晚期肝癌的一种理想模式.     

复发性鼻咽癌的三维适形和二维传统放疗方案对比

目的　评价三维适形放射治疗 (3DCRT)复发性鼻咽癌的优点 ,并同常规放射治疗方法进行比较。方法　 2 0例局部复发鼻咽癌患者采用全程三维适形放射治疗 (3DCRT) ,并与虚拟模拟二维放射治疗即常规水平对穿照射方法进行比较 ,通过三维剂量分布曲线及DVH评估两组治疗方法中原发灶、脑干、颞叶、视神经、颞颌关节、腮腺、垂体的剂量分布 ,并进行比较。结果　不论三维适形放射治疗 (3DCRT)和常规放射治疗 ,鼻咽GTV和CTV均可满意包括 ,但 3DCRT的适形度明显较优。以 95 %等剂量曲线给相同的处方剂量下 ,视神经、颞叶、腮腺、颞颌关节所受照射剂量差异均有显著性。三维适形放射治疗在上述器官的受量明显低于常规放射治疗。结论　三维适形放射治疗 (3DCRT)在充分包含肿瘤同时减少了复发性鼻咽癌再程放射治疗中部分敏感器官的放射剂量。     

非小细胞肺癌三维适形放射治疗疗效观察

①目的探讨非小细胞肺癌三维适形放射治疗的疗效和放射反应。方法 51例临床Ⅰ～Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌施行三维适形放射治疗,年龄28～76岁,平均52岁。肿瘤最大直径14cm,最小直径2cm。Ⅰ期15例,Ⅱ期29例,Ⅲ期7例。制作热塑网膜进行体位固定。治疗计划用Athens三维治疗计划系统,非共面设5～6个固定野,90%～95%等剂量线包绕PTV,全肺V20控制在≤25%。6MV-X线照射,肿瘤量为2Gy/次,1次/天,5次/周,共30～33次。结果 51例患者在放射治疗3个月后,完全缓解（CR）20例,部分缓解（PR）25例,无变化（NC）6例,总有效率88.2%（45/51）。1年生存率为84.3%（43/51）,2年生存率为51.7%（15/29）,3年生存率为36.4%（4/11）。12例患者在放射治疗后3个月出现放射性肺炎。结论三维适形放射治疗技术治疗非小细胞肺癌具有较好的疗效。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.