急性脑血管病并发多器官功能失常综合征的临床分析

目的 分析急性脑血管病(ACVD)并发多器官功能失常综合征(MODS)的临床资料,探讨其发病机制、致病因素、治疗及预后.方法 我科收治的83例急性脑血管(ACVD)并发多器官功能失常综合征(MODS)患者的临床资料.结果 痊愈12例,致残23例,死亡50例,病死率60.2％.结论 急性脑血管并发多器官功能失常综合征的治疗重在预防,对相关重要脏器功能的监测应早期进行,可有效降低MODS的发生.     

急性脑血管病并发多脏器功能失常综合征78例临床分析

目的：探讨急性脑血管病（ACVD）并发多脏器功能失常综合征（MODS）的发病因素、临床特点及转归，以提高对本病的认识。方法：回顾性分析78例ACVD并发MODS患者的临床资料。结果：脑缺血－再灌注损伤与微循环障碍最终导致MODS，病死率高，并发上消化道出血、呼吸及肾功能衰竭的病因是综合性的。结论：预防ACVD后的MODS的发生至关重要，应早期常规进行有关器官功能监测，积极有效的综合治疗是减少MODS死亡的重要环节。     

急性脑血管病致多器官功能障碍综合征心钠素、肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统机制的临床研究

目的:探讨心钠素(ANP)、肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(RAAS)在急性脑血管病(ACVD)致多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)中的病理作用机制。方法:采用放射免疫分析法动态测定53例ACVD并或不并MODS患者及20例正常对照者血浆ANP、肾素活性(PRA)、血管紧张素-Ⅱ(AT-Ⅱ)、醛固酮(ALD)含量。结果:ACVD后血浆ANP含量较对照组显著下降,且并发MODS者下降程度大于单纯ACVD者(P<0.05);血浆PRA及AT-Ⅱ、ALD含量较对照组升高,并发MODS者升高程度大于单纯ACVD者且差异有显著性(P<0.05)。血浆ANP、PRA、AT-Ⅱ及ALD的动态变化规律随MODS的发生与否而不同。结论:血浆ANP、PRA、AT-Ⅱ及ALD的浓度可反映ACVD后下丘脑-垂体的损伤及程度,可作为判断ACVD病情及预后的客观指标。ANP、RAAS参与ACVD致MODS的发生发展过程,检测血浆ANP、AT-Ⅱ及ALD的含量可早期发现并预防MODS的发生。     

急性脑血管病并发或不并发多脏器功能失常综合征血浆肾素、血管紧张素、醛固酮的动态变化研究

为了探讨肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(RAAS)在急性脑血管病(ACVD)及其并发多脏器功能失常综合征(MODS)发生发展中的病理作用机制,动态测定了53例ACVD并发或不并发MODS患者血浆肾素(PRA)、血管紧张素-Ⅱ(AT-Ⅱ)、醛固酮(ALD)的含量变化.     

急性脑血管病并发多器官功能障碍综合征的临床分析

当前急性脑血管疾病(ACVD)的患病率逐渐增高，发病时机体处于应激状态，在多种因素影响下，机体可发生多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)，使病死率增加。现对我院10年中诊治的56例ACVD并发MODS患者资料进行回顾性分析，报告如下。     

急性脑血管病并发多器官功能障碍综合征的临床分析

当前急性脑血管疾病(ACVD)的患病率逐渐增高,发病 时机体处于应激状态,在多种因素影响下,机体可发生多器官 功能障碍综合征(MODS),使病死率增加。现对我院10年中 诊治的56例ACVD并发MODS患者资料进行回顾性分析,报告 如下。 1 资料与方法 1.1 一般资料 本组男35例,女21例,年龄47-81岁。有     

急性脑血管病并发高血糖高渗非酮症性昏迷的救治

<正> 急性脑血管病(ACVD)后并发高血糖高渗非酮症性昏迷(HHNC)者病情复杂,病死率高,其发生与ACVD本身及某些治疗有关。作者对我院三年来住院ACVD患者并发HHNC的28例进行临床分析,报道如下。     

急性脑血管疾病并发多脏器功能衰竭108例临床分析

本文报导急性脑血管疾病(ACVD)并发多脏器功能衰竭(MOF)108例、男62例、女46例,年龄17～81岁,平均59.2岁。ACVD患者并发MOF以病情严重者居多,常伴有重要脏器的慢性疾病,总脏器衰竭324个,病死率为58.3%。作者对ACVD并发MOF的发病因素及防治进行了较详细讨论。     

急性脑血管病并发多器官功能衰竭(附44例报告)

多器官功能褒竭(MOF)是指两个或两个以上器官同时或先后出现功能衰竭。发病机理有待探讨。我科近4年诊治急性脑血管病(ACVD)并发MOF致死44例,占ACVD总数的3.6％,现对其临床特点、发病因素和防治报告如下。     

急性脑血管病合并多器官功能障碍综合征细胞因子变化的研究

目的探讨急性脑血管疾病合并MODS患者血清中细胞因子HMGB-1、TNF-α、IL-6及IFN-γ水平的变化及其意义。方法28例确诊的急性脑血管疾病合并MODS患者(MODS组)、31例单纯脑血管病患者(单纯ACVD组)及健康受试者28例(健康对照组),应用Western blot方法分析其血清HMGB-1水平,ABC-ELISA法测定血清中TNF-α、IL-6及IFN-γ浓度。结果MODS组、单纯ACVD组及健康对照组3组之间比较,血清中HMGB-1、TNF-α及IL-6水平有显著性差异(P<0.05),但MODS组患者血清中IFN-γ水平与单纯ACVD组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。MODS组中脑梗死和脑出血患者组间HMGB-1、TNF-α、IL-6及IFN-γ水平比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。MODS组患者血清中HMGB-1水平与MODS评分的关系经相关性分析二者之间成正相关(P<0.05),但MODS组患者血清中TNF-α、IL-6、IFN-γ水平与MODS评分无相关性。结论HMGB-1、TNF-α及IL-6可作为预测急性脑血管病发生MODS的指标,干预HMGB-1可能阻止急性脑血管病后MODS的发生。     

老年急性脑血管病并发多器官衰竭86例临床分析

目的：探讨老年急性脑血管病（ＡＣＶＤ）合并多器官衰竭（ＭＯＦ）的相关因素与防治原则。方法：对８６例ＭＯＦ患者进行统计学分析。结果：合并有ＭＯＦ的ＡＣＶＤ各疾病之间的病死率无显著差异（ｐ＞ ０．０５）,而单纯ＡＣＶＤ各疾病之间的病死率明显不同。结论：对ＡＣＶＤ患者前瞻性评价各器官功能,早期识别ＭＯＦ,除去诱因及隐患。     

The relationship between generalized anxiety disorder, depression and mortality in old age

BACKGROUND: The association between depression and an increased risk of death in elderly persons has been established in both clinical and community studies. Co-occurrence of depression and generalized anxiety has been shown to represent more severe and more chronic psychopathology. However, little is known about the relation between generalized anxiety disorder, mixed anxiety-depression (generalized anxiety disorder and depression) and excess mortality in the elderly. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether generalized anxiety and mixed anxiety-depression are associated with mortality. METHOD: Generalized anxiety disorder, mixed anxiety-depression and depression were assessed in 4051 older persons with a ten-year follow-up of community death registers. The mortality risk of generalized anxiety, depression and mixed anxiety-depression was calculated after adjustment for demographic variables, physical illness, functional disabilities and social vulnerability. RESULTS: In generalized anxiety disorder and mixed anxiety-depression no significant excess mortality was found. In depression a significant excess mortality was found in men [HR 1.44 (1.09-1.89)] but not in women [HR 1.04 (0.87-1.24)] after adjustment for the different variables. CONCLUSIONS: In elderly persons depression increases the risk of death in men. Neither generalized anxiety nor mixed anxiety-depression are associated with excess mortality. Generalized anxiety disorder may even predict less mortality in depressive elderly people. The relation between generalized anxiety disorder and its possibly protective effect on mortality has to be further explored.     

强迫障碍共病强迫型人格障碍的研究

目的:研究强迫型人格障碍(OCPD)在强迫障碍(OCD)中的共病情况,并研究OCD共病OCPD对OCD影响。方法:以69例门诊OCD患者为研究对象,采用DSM-Ⅳ轴Ⅱ障碍用临床定式检查(SCID-Ⅱ)研究强迫障碍患者的共病人格障碍(PD)情况,将研究对象分为2组:OCD共病OCPD组和OCD不共病OCPD组,对比研究2组间临床特征的不同。结果:79.7%强迫障碍患者合并有PD,C类中的OCPD和OCD共病率达43.5%。共病组较不共病组疾病严重程度更重,表现为发病年龄早、病程更长、强迫思维更严重。结论:OCPD和OCD关系密切,OCD共病OCPD是OCD严重程度的一个标志。     

氟西汀合并认知行为疗法治疗强迫症对照研究

目的：评价氟西汀合并认知行为疗法对强迫症的治疗效果。方法：将符合中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版的诊断标准的57例强迫症患者随机分为治疗组和对照组，治疗组给予氟西汀合并认知行为治疗，对照组单用氟西汀治疗，应用临床疗效标准及耶鲁布朗强迫量表(Y—BOCS)定期评定；观察6个月。结果：在治疗1、2、4个月和6个月时，治疗组疗效显著优于对照组，尤其是对强迫行为疗效更好。结论：氟西汀合并认知行为疗法联合治疗强迫症效果优于单用氟西汀治疗。     

Suicide risk varies by subtype of affective disorder

A cohort study of mortality was conducted in which 4022 patients with affective disorder who were treated during 1976-1985 in a mental institution or community clinic operated by the province of Alberta, Canada, were followed to the end of 1985. Vital status was determined by record linkage to the Statistics Canada Mortality Data Base. There were 326 deaths altogether, 96 from suicide. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for all causes of death combined was 2.3, and for suicide the SMR was 26.0. The SMR was also elevated for mental, circulatory and respiratory disorders, but not for neoplasms. The principal objective of the study was to determine whether there was a gradient of increasing mortality risk across the following diagnostic subgroups: manic disorder, bipolar affective disorder and major depressive disorder. A trend was found for suicide but not for all causes of death combined. The pattern of risk persisted after adjustment for the covariates sex, age and marital status in a Cox regression analysis.     

Clinical characteristics of unipolar disorder and bipolar disorder according to the lifetime presence of recurrent panic attacks

Objectives:  The frequent comorbidity of panic and affective disorders has been described in previous studies. However, it is not clear how panic disorder comorbidity in unipolar disorder and bipolar disorder is related to illness course.
Methods:  We compared lifetime clinical characteristics of illness and items of symptomatology in samples of individuals with bipolar I disorder (n = 290) and unipolar disorder (n = 335) according to the lifetime presence of recurrent panic attacks.
Results:  We found significant differences in clinical course of illness characteristics that were shared across the unipolar and bipolar samples according to the lifetime presence of panic attacks. We also found a number of differences according to the presence of panic attacks that may be specific to the diagnostic group.
Conclusions:  Distinguishing patients who have mood disorder diagnoses, especially bipolar I disorder, according to the lifetime presence of panic attacks may not only be of use in clinical practice, but may also be informative for aetiological research, such as molecular genetic studies.     

奎硫平治疗强迫症的辅助作用

目的：探讨奎硫平辅助治疗强迫症的临床疗效和安全性。方法：对48例强迫症患者,在服用原抗抑郁药的基础上随机分为奎硫平组和安慰剂组,分别给予合用奎硫平和安慰剂。疗程12周。采用Yale-Brown强迫症量表（Y-BOCS）和治疗中出现的症状量表（TESS）评定疗效和不良反应。结果：奎硫平组Y-BOCS评分治疗后有显著下降,安慰剂组则无差异;治疗后Y-BOCS评分以奎硫平组显著较低。两组TESS评分相仿。结论：抗抑郁药合用奎硫平治疗强迫症有一定辅助作用。     

青少年期起病的双相障碍与强迫症共病研究

目的：探讨青少年期起病的双相障碍与强迫症共病患者的临床特征。方法：选择双相障碍和强迫症共病患者（共病组）36例及强迫症患者（OCD组）31例，完成自编调查问卷、强迫症量表（Y-BOCS）测评。结果：OCD组的男性比例高于共病组；共病组的强迫症病程、平均治疗时间长于OCD组。结论：双相障碍与强迫症共病是常见的临床现象，共病对患者的病程及疗效均有影响。     

奥氮平辅助治疗强迫症的对照研究

目的：探讨奥氮平辅助治疗强迫症的临床疗效和安全性。方法：对52例强迫症患者,在服用原抗抑郁药的基础上随机分为合用组和对照组,分别给予合用奥氮平和安慰剂,治疗12周。采用Yale-Brown强迫症量表（Y—BOCS）、Marks恐怖强迫量表（MSCPOR）和副反应量表（TESS）评定疗效和不良反应。结果：合用组Y-BOCS及MSCPOR评分治疗前后比较差异均有显著性,对照组则差异无显著性;治疗后两组Y-BOCS及MSCPOR评分比较差异有显著性。两组TESS评分相仿。结论：合用奥氮平治疗强迫症有一定的辅助作用,不增加不良反应。