右束支阻滞患者心脏再同步治疗疗效分析

目的 回顾分析阜外心血管病医院心律失常中心合并右束支阻滞(RBBB)的心力衰竭患者心脏再同步治疗(CRT)疗效.方法 本中心自2008年1月至2010年12月植入CRT-P/D的合并RBBB的心力衰竭患者,接受常规每3～6个月门诊随访,随访内容包括心功能(NYHA分级)、6 min步行距离、Minnesota生活质量评分、超声心动图及程控等指标.结果 共7例合并RBBB心力衰竭患者植入CRT-P/D,其中男6例,女1例,年龄19 ～74(57±19)岁.随访0.3～43.0(17.6±16.7)个月.随访期间发生心力衰竭住院事件7次,3例患者因心力衰竭加重死亡.6例患者为CRT无反应者,1例为CRT反应者.结论 合并RBBB的心力衰竭患者CRT无明显获益.     

QRS波时限预测心脏再同步化治疗反应性的研究进展

心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)是难治性心力衰竭的有效治疗方法。其可以改善基线QRS波时限(QRSd)0.15 s心力衰竭患者的临床症状,降低心血管事件发生率。然而,其在基线QRSd0.15 s合并心室机械收缩不同步的心力衰竭人群中的应用价值尚未完全明确。CRT治疗的有效性与基线QRSd相关,基线QRSd可能是CRT治疗反应性的重要预测因素。现就目前心力衰竭的CRT治疗研究进展、基线QRSd与CRT治疗反应性的关系等方面做一综述。     

心力衰竭合并心房颤动患者的心脏再同步化治疗

心力衰竭患者中有很大一部分合并心房颤动,这类患者也可存在不同程度的机械不同步运动,心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)可以改善他们的心功能、运动耐量及生活质量。但这些患者容易产生双室起搏不完全,使CRT有效性明显降低。有试验证明房室结消融能提高这类患者CRT的成功率。该文将对心力衰竭合并心房颤动的流行病学特征、病理机制、CRT及房室结消融在CRT中的必要性进行叙述。     

经组织多普勒筛选的右束支传导阻滞心力衰竭患者行心脏再同步化治疗的疗效

目的观察经组织多普勒(TDI)筛选的右束支传导阻滞(RBBB)的心力衰竭患者行心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)的效果。方法 8例心力衰竭合并RBBB患者接受了CRT,其中5例并发左侧束支的部分阻滞(LHB),3例为单纯RBBB,所有患者符合CRT治疗的I类适应证,并在CRT治疗前应用TDI进行了严格筛选,所有患者均存在心室间及室内收缩不协调,左室电极尽量放置在收缩最延迟处,观察患者术后症状及超声指标改善情况。结果 CRT术后6个月随访,所有患者均存活,其中5例并发LHB患者及1例单纯RBBB患者NYHA心功能分级改善至少1级,射血分数改善大于5%,其余2例单纯RBBB患者对CRT治疗无反应,NYHA心功能分级未改善,射血分数改善小于5%。结论经TDI筛选的RBBB心力衰竭患者可从CRT治疗中获益,但获益的患者多数合并有LHB,而只有较少单纯RBBB患者从CRT获益。     

扩张型心肌病伴右束支阻滞行心脏再同步治疗两年随访无反应一例

扩张型心肌病(DCM)合并心力衰竭和左心室失同步患者行心脏再同步治疗(CRT)的效果已得到许多大规模临床试验证实:改善心功能、逆转心室重构、降低住院率和死亡率[1],尤其是DCM合并完全性左束支阻滞(CLBBB)患者CRT疗效已得到一致公认,但对存在完全性右束支阻滞(CRBBB)的患者疗效不确切[2].报告CRT治疗1例DCM合并CRBBB和左心室不同步患者的2年随访结果.     

心力衰竭合并右束支传导阻滞患者心脏再同步化治疗现状

心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)已成为中重度心力衰竭患者的一线治疗方法。然而,CRT治疗对于合并右束支传导阻滞(RBBB)的患者疗效不佳。这可能与RBBB患者心脏病变更为严重有关。不过,RBBB患者也可能存在左室激动延迟,因此有可能从CRT治疗中获益。应用临床和超声学指标筛选CRT植入者有助于改善其反应率。     

心脏再同步化治疗在轻度心力衰竭患者中的临床应用研究进展

过去的十几年里,心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)被广泛地用于严重的心力衰竭患者。临床研究表明,CRT能明显改善重度心力衰竭患者症状和生活质量等,最新国际指南也将重度心力衰竭患者作为CRT治疗的I类适应证。但CRT在轻中度心力衰竭患者中的应用前景和疗效仍不是很清楚。现对CRT改善心功能的机制及其在轻度心力衰竭的临床应用和研究结果做一综述。     

应用三腔起搏器治疗充血性心力衰竭合并心房颤动的临床疗效

目的本文结合我科对一例充血性心力衰竭(CHF)合并心房颤动(简称房颤)患者施行心脏再同步化(CRT)治疗的临床结果进行探讨.     

单左室起搏配合自身房室传导实现双心室同步化激动即刻效果12例临床研究

<正>心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)是慢性心力衰竭治疗领域里重要的器械治疗方法,可显著改善合并心脏电-机械失同步的顽固性心力衰竭患者的临床症状及预后,已被国内外指南列为适应证患者的器械治疗推荐~([1-4])。由于CRT价格昂贵,多数患者因迫于经济压力被迫放弃该行之有效的治疗方案。多数CRT适应证患者为窦性心律,窦房结及房室结功能正常,远期房室传导阻滞发生的可能性小。一些样     

低钾血症致室性心动过速引起心脏再同步化起搏除颤器反复放电一例

<正>心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)是慢性心力衰竭治疗的重要方法，可改善心力衰竭患者的临床症状，提高生存质量，并降低病死率^[1]。但伴随着患者生存时间的延长，可能会出现各种并发症或不良反应。现总结分析1例6年前因非缺血性扩张型心肌病(dilated cardiomyopathy, DCM)行心脏再同步化起搏除颤器(CRT-D)置入的女性患者的临床资料，旨在提示，合并心力衰竭的CRT除颤器(CRT-D)置入患者，仍需重视心力衰竭的全程管理，     

肿瘤病人弓形虫感染分析

在肿瘤的发生和发展进程中 ,多伴有免疫功能低下或缺陷 ,从而极易遭受各种感染。弓形虫是机会感染因子 ,当患者免疫功能受损时 ,易于感染 ,还会使隐性感染激活 ,引起低热不退、淋巴结肿和脑神经系统的反应 ,此现象尚未引起临床医师的重视。近年来 ,我们对 4 0 9例肿瘤病人进行了弓形虫感染及弓形虫病的分析观察 ,报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 1　材料　 30 4例病人血清取自江西省肿瘤医院住院或门诊病人 ,随机抽样后低温保存待检 ,10 5例取自其他医院送检样品 ,有急性症状者随到随检 ,以便及时做病原学检测。1 2　弓形虫病诊断方法1 2 1　免疫…     

A patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis presenting with perforated peritonitis

We report a patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis, who underwent urgent surgical treatment for perforated peritonitis. The 54-year-old man suddenly developed cramping abdominal pain and fever while hospitalized, with signs of peritoneal irritation. An emergency laparotomy was performed, and severe stenosis of the rectum and a perforated lesion on the oral side approximately 10 cm distant from the stenosis were found, with massive abdominal purulent fluid. He was treated by rectosigmoid colon resection with transverse colon loop colostomy. Histopathologically, the stenosis was caused by ulceration extending to all muscular layers of the rectum, with inflammatory changes. Benign rectal stenosis is so rare that differential diagnosis from malignancy may be difficult when there are inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the likelihood of this disease in differentiation from rectal cancer. Received: December 21, 1998 / Accepted: May 28, 1999     

Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids

A 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. During 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. Cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. After 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. A chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruction. Despite efforts, including a thoracotomy, 22 months passed before a diagnosis could be made. Blood and sputum cultures and cultures from the destroyed rib showed growth of Rhodococcus equi, a common soil organism which can cause infections in foals and other animals. Treatment with rifampicin and erythromycin was successful. R. equi has been reported to cause infection in patients with neoplastic disease and/or immunosuppression, but the disease might be more common than is suggested by the sparse case reports in the literature, owing to lack of familiarity with the organism, which will tend to be overlooked as a contaminant.     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

Treating patients with lupus with B-cell depletion

A new era in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus has dawned with the increasing introduction of monoclonal antibodies and other approaches, that target the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. At present the ability to block the CD20 molecule on those B cells that carry this marker has proved the most effective way to treat patients resistant to conventional immunosuppressive drugs. However, these studies have all been open label and the results of double blind controlled studies are eagerly awaited.