改良套入式胰肠端端吻合对胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的影响

目的 探讨改良套入式胰肠端端吻合对胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的影响.方法 回顾性分析2001年1月至2011年1月山东省肿瘤医院施行396例胰十二指肠切除术患者的临床资料.根据吻合方式分为2组:改良组235例,经典组161例.两组患者均由同一术者带领的医疗小组完成手术,消化道重建以Child吻合为基本术式.改良组采用改良套入式胰肠端端吻合,经典组采用经典套入式胰肠端端吻合,两组患者在术中及术后的处理均相同.比较两组患者术中出血量、手术时间、术后胰瘘和住院时间.计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用x2检验,胰瘘的分析采用Fisher确切概率法.结果 改良组和经典组患者术中平均出血量、平均手术时间、平均住院时间分别为(383 ±56)ml、(7.2±1.0)h、(21 ±3)d和(381±39)ml、(7.0±0.5)h、(22 ±5)d,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.388,1.680,± 1.835,P＞0.05).396例患者均无手术死亡发生,胰瘘总发生率为7.6％(30/396).改良组患者术后无一例胰瘘发生,经典组患者术后发生胰瘘30例(胰肠吻合口瘘4例、单纯性胰瘘26例),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).经典组中发生胰瘘的患者通过保持引流通畅、使用生长抑素及胃肠外营养等保守治疗后痊愈.结论 改良套入式胰肠端端吻合能显著降低胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的发生率.     

双U套入荷包捆绑式胰肠吻合术预防术后胰瘘的动物实验

目的：探讨双U套入荷包捆绑式胰肠吻合术在降低胰肠吻合术后胰瘘等并发症发生率中的作用。 方法：采用实验猪建立胰肠吻合手术模型,将实验猪随机分为双U组及套入组,每组5只,分别采用双U套入荷包捆绑式胰肠吻合术和普通套入式胰肠吻合术,术后1周将猪处死,观察胰肠吻合口大体及镜下改变,对比研究两组实验动物术后胰瘘及吻合口出血等并发症的发生率。 结果：两组间手术时间及术中出血量无统计学差异（P>0.05）;与套入组比较,双U组实验猪术后胰瘘及吻合口出血的发生率均降低（P<0.05）。 结论：双U套入荷包捆绑式胰肠吻合术能显著降低胰肠吻合术后胰瘘及出血的发生率,并且简单易行,是一种值得推广的新的胰肠吻合术式。     

医用生物蛋白胶在胰肠吻合中的应用

目的探讨医用生物蛋白胶在胰肠吻合中的应用。方法对胰十二指肠切除术患者根据吻合方式分两组,每组33例,一组采用传统套入式胰肠吻合,另一组采用医用生物胶粘合吻合技术进行胰肠吻合,分别对胰肠吻合时间、出血量、术后并发症、术后住院时间等分析比较。结果粘合式胰肠吻合在术中吻合时间比套入式吻合明显缩短,术后无胰瘘发生,而传统套入式胰肠吻合发生2例胰瘘。其余方面两组间无明显差别。结论粘合式胰肠吻合技术是一种安全简便、实用的方法。     

改良套人式胰肠端端吻合对胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的影响

目的探讨改良套入式胰肠端端吻合对胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的影响。方法回顾性分析2001年1月至2011年1月山东省肿瘤医院施行396例胰十二指肠切除术患者的临床资料。根据吻合方式分为2组：改良组235例,经典组161例。两组患者均由同一术者带领的医疗小组完成手术,消化道重建以Child吻合为基本术式。改良组采用改良套入式胰肠端端吻合,经典组采用经典套入式胰肠端端吻合,两组患者在术中及术后的处理均相同。比较两组患者术中出血量、手术时间、术后胰瘘和住院时间。计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用∥检验,胰瘘的分析采用Fisher确切概率法。结果改良组和经典组患者术中平均出血量、平均手术时间、平均住院时间分别为（383±56）ml、（7．2±1．0）h、（21±3）d和（3814-39）ml、（7．0±0．5）h、（22±5）d,两组比较,差异无统计学意义（t=0．388,1．680,一1．835,P〉0．05）。396例患者均无手术死亡发生,胰瘘总发生率为7．6％（30／396）。改良组患者术后无一例胰瘘发生,经典组患者术后发生胰瘘30例（胰肠吻合口瘘4例、单纯性胰瘘26例）,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。经典组中发生胰瘘的患者通过保持引流通畅、使用生长抑素及胃肠外营养等保守治疗后痊愈。结论改良套入式胰肠端端吻合能显著降低胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的发生率。     

套入式双层连续缝合加捆绑在胰肠吻合术中的应用

目的改进胰肠吻合缝合技术,预防胰瘘发生。方法24例胰十二指肠手术,采用2-0或3-0嶶乔吸收缝线行套入式双层连续缝合加捆绑胰肠吻合术。结果吻合时间平均18min,均未出现胰肠吻合口漏,无手术死亡病例。结论双层连续缝合加捆绑胰肠套入式吻合,操作简便、省时、并发症少,是胰肠吻合术的一种有效改进。     

空肠浆肌鞘套入双捆绑预防胰肠吻合术后胰瘘的效果观察

目的:通过与传统的胰十二指肠切除术进行比较,探讨空肠浆肌鞘套入双捆绑胰肠吻合对预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的效果.方法:行胰十二指肠切除患者40例,其中行空肠浆肌鞘套入双捆绑胰肠吻合的患者28例作为观察组,传统胰十二指肠切除术后套入式胰肠吻合的12例作为对照组.对2组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后胰瘘、术后并发症和住院时间以及住院费用等方面进行对比研究.结果:观察组术后胰瘘的发生率明显低于对照组(0 vs2/1 2,P<0.05),2组在手术中出血量及手术后并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但手术时间、术后住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05).结论:相对于传统的胰十二指肠切除术中套入式胰肠吻合重建方式,空肠浆肌鞘套入双捆绑胰肠吻合方式简化了胰肠吻合过程,固定更牢靠,操作更简单,有双重保险的效果,预防术后胰瘘效果明显.     

双层连续套入式胰肠吻合在胰十二指肠切除术中的应用

目的 对胰肠吻合缝合技术进行改进，预防胰漏的发生。方法 28例胰十二指肠吻合手术采用4-0 proene线双层连续胰肠套入式吻合。结果 双层连续胰肠套入式吻合时间平均11min，明显缩短了手术时间，全部病例均未出现胰肠吻合口漏，没有手术死亡。结论 双层连续套入式胰肠吻合，操作简便、省时、并发症少，是胰肠吻合术的一种有效改进。     

双层连续套入式胰肠吻合在胰十二指肠切除术中的应用

目的　对胰肠吻合缝合技术进行改进 ,预防胰漏的发生。方法　 2 8例胰十二指肠吻合手术采用 4 0proene线双层连续胰肠套入式吻合。结果　双层连续胰肠套入式吻合时间平均 11min ,明显缩短了手术时间 ,全部病例均未出现胰肠吻合口漏 ,没有手术死亡。结论　双层连续套入式胰肠吻合 ,操作简便、省时、并发症少 ,是胰肠吻合术的一种有效改进     

胰十二指肠切除术后不同胰肠吻合方式的效果与评价

目的比较胰十二指肠切除术后三种不同胰肠吻合方式的胰肠吻合口瘘发生率,探讨实施不同吻合方式的适用条件及其合理性。方法回顾性分析92例胰十二指肠切除术患者的临床资料。按吻合方式不同分为捆绑式胰肠吻合组(A组)、胰管对空肠粘膜端侧吻合组(B组)和套入式端侧吻合组(C组),观察其术后胰瘘的发生率。结果胰肠吻合口瘘的发生率为:A组1例(1/41,2.44%);B组无胰肠吻合口瘘发生;C组3例(3/19,15.79%)。A、B两组间胰肠吻合口瘘发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05);C组胰肠吻合口瘘发生率显著高于A、B两组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论胰管对空肠粘膜吻合法和捆绑式吻合法均为较安全的胰肠吻合方法。在条件许可下,胰管对粘膜吻合法应作为胰十二指肠切除术首选的胰肠吻合方法。     

不同胰肠吻合方式在PD术中的临床应用比较

目的探讨并分析胰管-空肠黏膜吻合术和捆绑式胰肠套入吻合术在胰十二指肠切除术中的临床应用效果。方法回顾性研究我院近五年行胰十二指肠术患者57例,其中胰管-空肠黏膜吻合式31例,捆绑式胰肠套入吻合式26例,收集患者术前一般情况及术中术后各项指标,分析两种方式有无差异。结果捆绑式胰肠套入吻合较胰管-空肠黏膜吻合手术时间缩短(358.7±7.8 min vs 307.4±5.8 min,P0.05),术后主要并发症胰瘘、腹腔出血以及住院时间两组无统计学差异。结论胰管-空肠黏膜吻合和捆绑式胰肠套入吻合均具有较好的临床效果,捆绑式胰肠套入吻合较胰管-空肠黏膜吻合节省手术时间,具体吻合方式因根据个人习惯和熟练程度灵活选择。     

胰十二指肠切除术中两种胰肠吻合方式疗效比较

目的 比较胰十二指肠切除术中采用胰肠套入吻合与胰管-空肠黏膜对黏膜吻合术后胰漏发生率、住院时间和费用的差异。方法 回顾2009年3月至2013年5月126例接受胰十二指肠切除术治疗病例,采用胰肠套入吻合67例,胰管-空肠黏膜对黏膜吻合59例。分析两种胰肠重建方式术后胰漏发生率及严重程度的差异,同时对两组平均住院时间及费用进行比较分析。结果 套入式胰肠重建组术后胰漏发生率为31.34%（21/67）,黏膜对黏膜胰肠重建组为13.56%（8/59）;两组术后胰漏严重程度（A、B、C级）情况分别为10.45%（7/67）,14.93%（10/67）,5.97%（4/67）和8.47%（5/59）,3.39%（2/59）,1.69%（1/59）。两组平均住院时间为（24.15 d vs 16.86 d）,费用分别为（49 882.73元 vs 38 047.80元）。两组患者术后胰漏发生率和严重程度B级所占比例、平均住院时间和费用差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）。结论 采用胰管-空肠黏膜对黏膜吻合的胰肠重建方式术后胰漏发生率和严重程度（B级）、平均住院时间和费用明显低于采用胰肠套入吻合,该法可能更有利于患者术后恢复。     

End-to-End Invaginated Pancreaticojejunostomy with Three Overlapping U-Sutures––A Safe and Simple Method of Pancreaticoenteric Anastomosis

Background: Postoperative pancreatic fistula associated with mortality and morbidity remains an intractable problem after pancreaticoduodenectomy. To date it still carries a notable incidence of roughly 10% to 30% in large series in spite of numerous pharmacological and technical methods that have been proposed to achieve a leakproof pancreatic remnant. Methods: In order to perform a safe anastomosis to pancreatic remnant with less sophisticated sutures and shorter operative duration, a fast and simple technique of end-to-end invaginated pancreaticojejunostomy with three overlapping U-sutures was devised in our institution. Results: Between April 2011 and July 2013, end-to-end invaginated pancreaticojejunostomy with three overlapping U-sutures technique was used in 23 consecutive cases that underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy in our institute. The median operative time for pancreaticojejunostomy was 12 min. The incidence of pancreatic fistula was 8.7% (n = 2) and both cases were grade A fistula with no clinical impact or delayed hospital discharge. Neither relaparotomy nor postoperative mortality was observed. Conclusions: The technique of using three overlapping U-sutures in an end-to-end invaginated pancreaticojejunostomy represents a simple management of pancreaticoenteric anastomosis with reliability and applicability, and provides an alternative choice for pancreaticojejunostomy to senior pancreatic surgeons as well as those without experience.     

改良胰管空肠端侧吻合在胰十二指肠切除术中的应用

目的通过与其他吻合术式比较,探讨改良胰管空肠端侧吻合在胰十二指肠切除术中的应用价值。方法分析我院于2009年1月至2011年5月进行的203例因恶性肿瘤行胰十二指肠切除术的患者,其中A组86例,行改良胰管空肠端侧吻合;B组68例,行套入式胰肠端侧吻合;C组49例,行套入式胰肠端端吻合。分别比较胰肠吻合手术时间、术后胰瘘等并发症情况。结果 A、B、C三组胰肠吻合时间分别为(10.6±2.8)min、(19.9±3.6)min及(20.6±3.7)min,A组吻合时间显著低于其他两组(P<0.05)。术后胰瘘发生率A组最低,为1.1%(1/86),B组为4.4%(3/68),C组为6.1%(3/49)。结论胰管空肠端侧吻合操作简便省时,术后并发症发生率低,是胰十二指肠切除术中胰肠吻合的一种良好方法。     

Role of Fibrin Glue as a Sealant to Esophageal Anastomosis in Cases of Congenital Esophageal Atresia with Tracheoesophageal Fistula

Objective The aim of this study was to characterize a successful approach for the management of infants with long-gap esophageal atresia (EA) with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). The goal was to preserve the native esophagus and minimize the incidence of esophageal anastomotic leaks using fibrin glue as a sealant over the esophageal anastomosis. Method A total of 52 patients were evaluated in this study. Only patients in whom, gap between the two ends of the esophagus was ≥ 2 cm were selected during January 2005 to January 2007. Patients were divided in two groups on the basis of block randomization. Group A comprised the patients in whom fibrin sealant was used as reinforcement on a primary end-to-end esophageal anastomosis; in group B, fibrin glue was not used. The two groups were compared in terms of esophageal anastomotic leak (EL), postoperative esophageal stricture (ES), and mortality. The statistical analysis was done using Fisher’s exact test and the chi-squared test. Result The number of anastomotic leaks in group A (glue group) was about one-fifth that in group B (no glue group). The incidence of ES was almost twice as high in group B as in group A. The mortality rate was almost threefold higher in group B (no-glue group). The higher incidence of EL and ES in group B compared to group A was statistically significant. Conclusion Thus, fibrin glue when used as an adjunct to esophageal anastomosis for primary repair of long-gap EA with TEF appears safe in the clinical setting and may lower the chances of esophageal leak and anastomosis-site strictures. Hence, it can diminish the mortality and morbidity of these patients.     

Temporary fibrin glue occlusion of the main pancreatic duct in the prevention of intra-abdominal complications after pancreatic resection: prospective randomized trial

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether temporary occlusion of the main pancreatic duct with human fibrin glue decreases the incidence of intra-abdominal complications after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) or distal pancreatectomy (DP). SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: To the authors' knowledge, there are no randomized studies comparing outcomes after pancreatic resection with or without main pancreatic duct occlusion by injection of fibrin glue. Of three nonrandomized studies, two reported no fistulas after intracanal injection and ductal occlusion with fibrin glue after PD with immediate pancreatodigestive anastomosis, while another study reported no protective effect of glue injection. METHODS: This prospective, randomized, single-blinded, multicenter study, conducted between January 1995 and January 1999, included 182 consecutive patients undergoing PD followed by immediate pancreatic anastomosis or DP, whether for benign or malignant tumor or for chronic pancreatitis. One hundred two underwent pancreatic resection followed by ductal occlusion with fibrin glue (made slowly resorbable by the addition of aprotinin); 80 underwent resection without ductal occlusion. The main end point was the number of patients with one or more of the following intra-abdominal complications: pancreatic or other digestive tract fistula, intra-abdominal collections (infected or not), acute pancreatitis, or intra-abdominal or digestive tract hemorrhage. Severity factors included postoperative mortality, repeat operations, and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: The two groups were similar in pre- and intraoperative characteristics except that there were significantly more patients in the ductal occlusion group who were receiving octreotide, who had reinforcement of their anastomosis by fibrin glue, and who had fibrotic pancreatic stumps. However, the rate of patients with one or more intra-abdominal complications, and notably with pancreatic fistula, did not differ significantly between the two groups. There was still no significant difference found after statistical adjustment for these patient characteristic discrepancies, confirming the inefficacy of fibrin glue. The rate of intra-abdominal complications was significantly higher in the presence of a normal, nonfibrotic pancreatic stump and main pancreatic duct diameter less than 3 mm, whereas reinforcement of the anastomosis with fibrin glue or use of octreotide did not influence outcome. In multivariate analysis, however, normal pancreatic parenchyma was the only independent risk factor for intra-abdominal complications. No significant differences were found in the severity of complications between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Ductal occlusion by intracanal injection of fibrin glue decreases neither the rate nor the severity of intra-abdominal complications after pancreatic resection.     

胰体尾切除术中残端闭合与胰肠吻合的疗效对比

目的 对比胰体尾切除术（distal pancreatectomy,DP）中胰腺残端切闭联合手工缝合与胰腺-空肠端端吻合的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2017年9月至2019年3月昆明医科大学第二附属医院肝胆胰外科三病区收治的64例行胰体尾切除术患者的临床资料。根据胰腺残端处理方式分为两组：残端闭合组：DP术中胰腺使用切割闭合器切闭后联合手工加强缝合（n=30）;胰肠吻合组：DP术中胰腺残端与空肠端端套入式吻合（n=34）。观察指标包括两组的一般资料、胰腺质地、手术时间、术中出血量、术后胰瘘发生率、出血等并发症、总住院天数、费用。结果 64例均手术成功。胰肠吻合组中术后发生胰瘘5例,且均为软胰腺患者;而残端闭合组术后发生胰瘘11例,其中软胰腺7例,硬胰腺4例;胰肠吻合组术后胰瘘发生率明显低于残端闭合组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;比较两组胰瘘分级、术中出血量、术后出血等并发症,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;另对于两组手术时间、总住院时间、住院总费用的比较,胰肠吻合组均大于残端闭合组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 DP术中胰腺残端使用胰肠-空肠端端吻合可有效降低术后胰瘘发生率,且对于胰腺质地硬者效果更佳,安全可行,值得推广。     

双U套入荷包捆绑式胰肠吻合术在IV、V 型胰腺外伤中的应用

目的:探讨双U套入荷包捆绑式胰肠吻合术在胰腺外伤中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2011年1月—2015年1月收治的9例IV、V型胰腺外伤患者的临床资料。结果:胰腺外伤IV型7例,其中5例行胰头断端缝闭(U形交锁+连续缝扎),双U套入荷包捆绑式胰体尾空肠Roux-en-Y内引流术后治愈;2例合并十二指肠碎裂伤行胰十二指肠切除术、双U套入荷包捆绑式胰肠吻合术后治愈。V型患者2例,均行胰十二指肠切除术、双U套入荷包捆绑式胰肠吻合术后治愈。全组患者术后均未出现胰瘘、吻合口出血等严重并发症。所有患者均获得随访,一般情况良好,均无糖尿病、腹泻、消化不良等胰腺功能减退情况发生,无死亡。结论:双U套入荷包捆绑式胰肠吻合法在胰腺外伤手术中是可行的,能够有效的防止术后胰瘘的发生。     

胰十二指肠切除术后外科相关并发症的分析与处理

目的 探讨胰十二指肠切除术后外科相关并发症发生的原因与处理措施.方法 回顾性研究1995年1月至2010年4月共412例行胰十二指肠切除术患者的临床资料,男性232例,女性180例,分析其术后并发症发生的影响因素与治疗方法.结果 本组中共有153例患者出现并发症214例次,总发生率为37.1%.术后30 d内死亡19例,总病死率4.6%.统计学分析显示,胰腺钩突全切除与否(P=0.022)、胰肠吻合方式(P=0.005)、胰管直径(P=0.007)及残余胰腺质地(P=0.000)与胰瘘的发生具有相关性;未进行胰腺钩突全切除(P=0.002)、术中失血量≥600ml(P=0.000)及合并胰瘘者(P=0.000)术后出血发生率显著增高;保留幽门的胰十二指肠切除术组术后胃排空障碍的发生率显著高于传统胰十二指肠切除术组(P=0.000).多因素Logistic回归分析表明,胰管直径及胰腺质地是影响胰瘘发生的独立危险因素;未进行胰腺钩突全切除、术中失血量≥600ml及胰瘘为影响术后出血的独立危险因素;联合血管切除或腹膜后淋巴清扫的患者与未行血管切除或腹膜后淋巴清扫的患者相比,并发症发生率的差异无统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 合并慢性胰腺炎及胰管扩张的患者可行胰肠端侧黏膜对黏膜吻合,而端端或端侧套入式吻合更适于胰管不扩张或胰腺质软者;完整切除钩突、术中仔细止血是预防术后出血的重要因素;胰瘘是并发术后出血的重要原因之一.联合肠系膜上静脉或门静脉切除及腹膜后淋巴结清扫不会增加术后并发症的发生率.     

去除空肠浆膜层的胰肠黏膜-黏膜3层吻合法在胰十二指肠切除术胰肠重建中的运用

目的 评价去除空肠浆膜层的胰肠黏膜-黏膜3层（modified triple-layer,MTL）吻合法运用于胰十二指肠切除术（pancreaticoduodenectomy PD）胰肠吻合后胰瘘等并发症的发生情况,分析胰瘘的危险因素,并与胰肠黏膜-黏膜的2层（two-layer,TL）吻合法进行比较。方法 回顾性分析笔者所在医院科室2010年1月1日至2013年1月31日期间运用上述两种胰肠吻合法进行胰肠重建的PD患者的资料,共184例。统计分析胰瘘等并发症,用单因素及多因素分析法分析胰瘘的危险因素。结果 184例接受PD的患者中96例采用MTL法行胰肠重建,88例患者采用TL法行胰肠重建。2组患者术后总体胰瘘发生率为8.2% （15/184）,其中MTL组有4例（4.2%）,TL组有11例（12.5%）,前者低于后者（P=0.039）。单因素分析结果表明,体质量指数、胰腺质地、胰管直径及胰肠吻合方式是胰瘘的危险因素。多因素分析结果提示,对于胰管直径≤3 mm时,TL法胰肠重建是胰瘘的主要危险因素。结论 MTL与TL相比能降低PD后胰瘘的发生率,对于胰管直径≤3 mm的病例效果尤其明显。