海上30 m快速上浮脱险试验对血压、脉搏和呼吸频率的影响

快速上浮脱险方法是目前世界上较为先进的单人脱险方法,具有加压速度快、高气压环境下暴露时间短、上升速度快、脱险深度大、容易训练和掌握等优点。为了提高我海军潜艇艇员水下脱险技术水平,我们进行了潜艇艇员海上30m快速上浮脱险试验,在试验中,观察了参试潜水员血压、脉搏和呼吸频率的变化,以保障参试潜水员的安全。     

实验室模拟30 m快速上浮脱险训练对潜艇艇员咽鼓管功能的影响

目的:应用ET-100咽鼓管开放功能测试仪测试潜艇艇员快速上浮脱险中咽鼓管的开放功能,为潜艇艇员快速上浮脱险提供依据和保障.方法:对10名潜艇艇员的开放功能测试用主成分分析法,并将这些相关指标所蕴藏的信息集中到少数几个相互独立的综合因子,然后用Logistic回归分析法分析其相关性,再用SPSS(V9.0) 软件按不同加压深度进行相关分析.结果:随着脱险深度的不断增大,艇员咽鼓管开放功能的开放等级值并无显著性变化.结论:本测试结果可消除艇员脱险前的紧张、慌乱、恐惧,对艇员脱险具有实际指导意义.     

30m快速上浮脱险的医学保障体会

快速上浮脱险法是目前发达国家普遍使用的潜艇单人自动脱险方法,具有加压速度快、水下暴露时间短、脱险深度大及操作简单等特点,是艇员进行水下脱险自救的一种先进方法。现将30 m快速上浮脱险医学保障体会报道如下。     

潜艇艇员快速上浮脱险训练设备保障的思考

潜艇艇员快速上浮脱险是目前世界上最先进的单人脱险方式之一,具有加压速度快、高压下暴露时间短、上升速度快、脱险深度大、容易掌握等优点,因此被许多国家海军采用[1]。为做好潜艇艇员快速上浮脱险训练的设备保障,提高艇员的自救能力,笔     

潜艇艇员实艇快速上浮脱险训练的医学保障

目的：为部队实艇快速上浮脱险训练提供医学保障。方法：10名参训人员首先在潜艇艇员脱险舱内进行了3、10、30、50m共计50人次的实验室训练，然后在海上实艇进行了5人次30m快速上浮脱险训练。训练过程中，从参训人员选拔、脱险设备医学监督、加压锻炼、脱险方案确定及脱险前后体格检查等方面进行了医学保障。结果：本次实验室训练和海上训练均安全顺利，未出现减压病和气压伤等潜水疾病。结论：合理、恰当的医学保障方案可保证快速上浮脱险训练人员的安全。     

英国皇家海军潜艇艇员快速上浮脱险训练的医学要求

快速上浮脱险是国际上先进的单人脱险方式，而且是英国、德国、瑞典等国家唯一的潜艇艇员水下脱险方法。为了提高各国海军潜艇艇员水下脱险技术和水平，世界上很多国家均建立了潜艇艇员脱险训练基地。英国皇家海军在近朴茨茅斯的戈斯波特建立了潜艇艇员脱险训练塔（训练基地），面向世界各国海军开放，接受英国皇家海军和其他国家的海军潜艇艇员进行快速上浮脱险训练。由于潜艇艇员快速上浮脱险训练时，参训艇员将暴露于0．40MPa（4．0ATA）的压力下，并进行快速减压，为了保证训练能顺利进行，保证潜水员的安全，     

快速上浮脱险训练对心率和心率变异性的影响

目的 探讨快速上浮脱险训练过程中参训人员心率及心率变异性的变化规律,分析上浮脱险训练所致个体应激的特点,为有效开展快速上浮脱险训练心理保障工作提供科学依据.方法 全程记录某部参加3、5、10 m快速上浮脱险训练128名官兵的心电数据,比较不同训练阶段[训练前、训练中(进舱、关盖、注水、开盖、出舱)、训练后]和不同训练深度(3、5、10 m)参训人员心率及心率变异性时域指标(全程窦性心搏R-R间期的标准差)和频域指标[总功率(TP)、低频段(LF)、高频段(HF)、LF/HF)]的差异.结果 3 m训练深度时参训人员的主观紧张程度高于5 m和10 m训练深度(P均<0.01),注水阶段参训人员的主观紧张程度高于其他各训练阶段(P均<0.01),出舱时参训人员的主观紧张程度低于其他各训练阶段(P均<0.05).3 m训练深度时参训人员进舱阶段的心率高于5 m训练深度(P<0.05);随着训练深度的增加,参训人员训练后心率逐渐升高(P<0.05);在各训练深度,参训人员在注水、开盖、出舱3个阶段的心率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).在各训练深度,训练前、中、后参训人员的心率变异性指标均呈下降趋势(P均<0.001).结论 心率和心率变异性能够较好地反映快速上浮脱险训练过程中参训人员的生理和心理状态,为未来的应激干预提供了依据.     

英国潜艇艇员快速上浮脱险头罩充气系统

MK10配套头罩充气系统(hood inflation system,HIS)是固定在潜艇艇员脱险舱内的装置,用于为使用MK10潜艇艇员抗浸脱险服实施快速上浮脱险的艇员供气.本文主要介绍英国潜艇艇员快速上浮脱险头罩充气系统的主要结构、工作原理以及使用方法.     

快速上浮脱险训练前后潜艇艇员心理状态变化

目的：研究快速上浮脱险训练对潜艇艇员心理状态的影响，为潜艇部队卫生保障提供依据。方法：采用90项症状自评量表（SCL－90）对参加快速上浮脱险训练的某潜艇部队官兵进行心理健康状况调查，所得数据采用SPVV（V10．0）软件统计分析。结果：训练后SCL－90各因子分均较训练前降低，强迫症状，焦虑（P＜0．05）和偏执（P＜0．01）因子分有统计学意义，其他因子分无统计学意义上的差异（P＞0．05）。结论：适当地进行快速上浮脱险训练，对艇员的心理状况的改善起着积极的作用。     

40～200米山羊模拟快速上浮脱险的研究

快速上浮脱险是六十年代发展起来的潜艇单人脱险方法之一。它是应用不减压潜水原理使艇员从大深度失事艇中脱险。由于其设备简单,方法易行,已为许多国家采用。但由于减压病是该法向更大脱险深度发展的限制性因素,故本文拟以预防减压病为目的,用山羊研究模拟快速上浮脱险高压允许暴露时间,为我海军潜艇部队实际应用快速上浮法脱险提供有关资料。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.