下肢深静脉血栓滤器置人及溶栓治疗的围手术期护理

目的：总结对行下腔静脉血栓滤器置入术及溶栓治疗的患者实施围术期护理的方法。方法：对46例下肢深静脉血栓（DVT）患者放置下腔静脉血栓滤器及溶栓治疗同时,术前认真做好术前准备,加强对患者的健康宣教;术中积极配合护理;术后观察患肢病情及溶栓时护理干预。结果：所有患者手术顺利,均未发生肺栓塞及滤器移位等并发症及不良反应,提高了患者的生存质量。结论：对DVT患者应用下腔静脉滤器置入及溶栓治疗的同时实施围手术期护理,能有效预防肺栓塞,有效地减少不良反应及并发症的发生,提高整体护理质量。     

下肢深静脉血栓滤器置入术围手术期护理

目的探讨下腔静脉滤器置入术的护理方法。方法对21例下肢深静脉血栓患者采用下腔静脉滤器置入术及溶栓治疗的综合性治疗,对其进行术前、术后精心护理和正确的健康指导。结果21例患者阻塞段血管再通,未发生局部感染、滤器移位、肺栓塞等并发症。结论适宜的护理方法不仅保证了治疗效果,而且降低术后并发症的发生率。     

下肢静脉滤器置入术的护理

目的:探讨下腔静脉滤器置入术的护理方法.方法:对17例下肢深静脉血栓患者采用下腔静脉滤器置入术及溶栓治疗的综合性治疗,对其进行术前、术后精心护理和正确的健康指导.结果:17例患者阻塞段血管再通,未发生局部感染、滤器移位、肺栓塞等并发症.结论:适宜的护理方法不仅保证了治疗效果,而且降低术后并发症的发生率.     

影响滤器置入联合导管溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓的术后的研究

目的研究下肢深静脉血栓形成患者滤器置入联合导管溶栓的术后影响。方法回顾性分析29例重症下肢深静脉血栓形成患者滤器置入术后的护理措施。结果 29例患者术后经抗凝、溶栓治疗,术前、术后正确护理,患肢肿胀明显消退,术后无肺栓塞及滤器置人相关并发症发生。结论下腔静脉滤器置人联合抗凝溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成疗效好且安全,正确的护理是促进患者早日康复的有效举措。     

下腔静脉滤器置入联合抗凝溶栓治疗31例下肢深静脉血栓形成的疗效观察及护理

目的:探讨下腔静脉滤器(VCF)置入联合抗凝溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成的效果及护理。方法:回顾性分析2008年1月-2010年3月我院收治的下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)患者198例,其中31例在DSA下行下腔静脉滤器置入,术后给予抗凝、溶栓等治疗及术前术后正确的康复护理指导。结果:下腔静脉滤器置入可有效预防下肢深静脉血栓患者肺栓塞(PE)的发生。31例患者术后经抗凝、溶栓治疗,术前、术后正确护理,患肢肿胀明显消退,术后无肺栓塞及滤器置入相关并发症发生。结论:下腔静脉滤器置入联合抗凝溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成疗效好且安全,正确的护理是促进患者早日康复的有效举措。     

下腔静脉滤器置入术预防致死性肺栓塞的护理体会

目的探讨下腔静脉滤器置入术的护理方法。方法回顾性分析8例下肢深静脉血栓采用下腔静脉滤器置入术患者的临床及护理资料。结果8例患者置入下腔静脉滤器后未出现致命性肺栓塞和其它严重并发症。结论下腔静脉滤器置入术预防致命性肺栓塞安全有效,围手术期护理对促进康复起着非常重要的作用。     

下肢深静脉血栓介入治疗的观察与护理

目的探讨下肢深静脉血栓介入治疗的护理方法。方法对18例下肢深静脉血栓患者采用下腔静脉滤器置入术及导管腔内溶栓治疗,对其进行术前护理、溶栓的观察与护理,加强健康教育。结果18例患者临床症状减轻,患肢肿胀消退,阻塞段血管通畅,无肺动脉栓过时等并发症发生。结论对下肢深静脉血栓形成患者行下腔静脉滤器置入术和溶栓治疗,并给予精心护理,可使阻塞段血管通畅,降低术后并发症的发生率,取得满意效果。     

下腔静脉滤器置入术预防肺栓塞的临床价值

目的探讨下腔静脉滤器置入术对预防肺栓塞及术后中等剂量尿激酶溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓的应用价值。方法对12例下肢深静脉血栓（DVT）形成患者行经皮股静脉穿刺下腔静脉滤器置入术,术后给予中等剂量尿激酶溶栓治疗（50-75万u／d,平均给药5—7d）,每日测量患肢膝上15cm,膝下15cm周径,15—30d后复查彩超。结果12例下腔静脉滤器置入术患者经尿激酶溶栓及抗凝治疗后治愈10例,显效2例。结论下腔静脉滤器置入术操作简便,安全,且为抗凝治疗降低了风险,加快了DVT患者的康复,能有效预防肺栓塞的发生。术后经中等剂量尿激酶溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓（DVT）,是保证溶栓疗效和减少其发生性的最佳治疗措施。     

静脉滤器置入术联合溶栓治疗下肢静脉血栓的护理体会

目的总结下腔静脉滤器置入术联合溶栓治疗静脉血栓的护理方法.方法102例下肢静脉血栓患者放置下腔静脉滤器,术后静脉溶栓,同时通过加强患者的心理、术中和术后护理及健康教育.结果88例痊愈、10例显效、4例无效,均无肺栓塞、滤器移位等并发症发生.结论下腔静脉滤器置入术疗效满意,针对性护理是治疗成功的重要保证.     

下腔静脉滤器置入术在预防肺栓塞中的观察及护理

目的:总结下腔静脉滤器置入术的观察及护理要点。方法:对40例有肺栓塞倾向的深静脉血栓患者放置下腔静脉滤器,同时加强患者的术前宣教,术前准备及术后病情的观察及护理。结果:40例患者均未发生肺栓塞、及滤器移位等并发症。结论:应用下腔静脉滤器置入能有效预防肺栓塞,并且术式简单、安全、有效,同时有针对性的护理是其治疗成功的重要保证。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.