大叶牛奶菜孕甾甙成分研究

用硅胶层析及反相硅胶层析法，从大叶牛奶菜（MarsdeniakoiTsiang）抗生育活性的甲醇提取物中分离获得一孕甾四糖甙。经化学反应，波谱分析，酸碱降解及其水解产物的鉴定，确定其结构为12-0-cvnnamyl-dihydrosarcostin-3-0-β-D-glucopyranosyl（l→4）-0-3-0-methyl-6-deoxy-β-D-allopyranosyl(1→4)-0-β-D-oleandropyranosyl(1→4)-0-β-D-cymaropyranoside,命名为大叶牛奶菜甙庚（marsdekoisideG）。经系统文献检索证明其为首次自该植物中分离得到。     

宣恩牛奶菜化学成分的研究

从萝摩科牛奶菜属植物宣恩牛奶菜（Marsdeniaxuanennisis）有抗生育活性的甲醇提取物中分离出2个化合物，根据化合物的熔点和波谱数据及对其水解产物的鉴定，分别确定为：12-桂皮酰基二氢肉珊瑚甙元（12-O-cinnamyl－dihydrosarcostin）和大叶牛奶菜甙丁［dihydrosarcostin-3-O-3-O-methyl-6－deoxy-β-D-allopyranosyl（1→4）-O-β-D-oleandropyranosyl（1→4）-O-β-D-cymaropyranoside（mars－dekoisideD）〕。     

大叶牛奶菜甙F的结构鉴定

从萝摩科牛奶菜属植物大叶牛奶菜具有抗生育活性的甲醇提取物中，用硅胶层析及反相硅胶层析分离获得一孕甾四糖甙，经波谱分析、衍生物的制备及水解产物与标准品对照等方法确定其化学结构为ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏｓａｒｃｏｓｔｉｎ－３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－ｇｌｕｃｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｙｌ（１→４）－Ｏ－３－Ｏ－ｍｅｔｈｙｌ－６－ｄｅｏｘｙ－β－Ｄ－ａｌｌｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｙｌ（１→４）－０－β－Ｄ－ｏｌｅａｎｄｒｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｙｌ（     

大叶牛奶菜抗生育成分的研究

经过药物筛选发现大叶牛奶菜对SD大鼠具有抗生育作用,从其甲醇提取物中分得大叶牛奶菜甙甲(Marsdckoiside A,1)及大叶牛奶菜甙乙(Marsdekoiside B,2),根据波谱分析和水解产物与标准品对照确定了它们的结构,证明二者都是新化合物。动物实验甲具有抗生育活性。     

大叶牛奶菜化学成分研究(Ⅱ)

从萝摩科植物大叶牛奶菜(Marsdenia koi Tsiang)茎中分得3种结晶性成分,经光谱分析(IR、MS、~1H-NMR、~(13)C-NMR)、比旋度、元素分析及化学反应鉴定,晶Ⅰ为α-香树脂醇(α-amyrin),晶Ⅱ为α-香树脂酮(α-amyrenone),晶Ⅲ为β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)。三者均为首次自该植物中分得。     

狭叶重楼的主要甾体皂苷类化学成分的分离及鉴定

目的对重楼属药用植物狭叶重楼(Paris.polyphylla.Smith var stenophylla Franch)的化学成分进行研究,为拓宽重楼属药用植物的资源提供科学依据。方法采用硅胶柱层析,大孔吸附树脂,葡聚糖凝胶SephadexLH-20及反相硅胶RP-C18中压液相柱层析等技术分离纯化其主要化合物,根据理化性质、波谱数据鉴定其结构。结果从狭叶重楼乙醇提取物中分离并鉴定了5个甾体皂苷类单体化合物:重楼皂苷:Diosgenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(l→2)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D-glucopyranoside;重楼皂苷V:Diosgenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(l→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside;重楼皂苷:Pennogenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glu-copyranoside;重楼皂苷:Pennogenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(l→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside;重楼皂苷H:Pennoge-nin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(l→2)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D-Glucopyranoside。结论首次从狭叶重楼中分离并鉴定出5个甾体皂苷类化合物。     

大叶香茶菜中的三萜化学成分分析

目的研究大叶香茶菜中的三萜化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱层析进行分离纯化化合物,根据理化性质和现代波谱技术进行结构鉴定。结果从大叶香茶菜叶的乙酸乙酯部分分离出4个三萜化合物,分别鉴定为:熊果酸(化合物1)、2α,3α-二羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(化合物2)、2α,3α,24-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(化合物3)、2α,3β,23-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(化合物4)。结论4个化合物均为三萜化合物,均为首次从大叶香茶菜中获得。     

东风菜中甾体成分研究

目的研究东风菜化学成分及生物活性。方法利用硅胶柱层析进行分离和纯化化合物,用波谱分析鉴定其结构。结果从东风菜根中分离鉴定5个化合物:麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β,5α,8α三醇(1);α-菠甾醇3氧βD葡萄糖甙(2);α-菠甾醇(3);胡萝卜甙(4);β-谷甾醇(5)。结论化合物1～4为首次从东风菜属植物中分离得到。     

大叶香茶菜化学成分研究

目的研究大叶香茶菜的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱层析进行分离纯化化合物,根据理化性质和现代波谱技术进行结构鉴定。结果从大叶香茶菜叶的乙酸乙酯部分分离出6个二萜化合物,分别鉴定为:Epinodosin(1),Isodonoiol(2),Lasiodonin(3),Oridonin(4),AdenolinE(5),Lasiodin(6)。结论6个化合物均为已知化合物,化合物5为首次从该植物中获得。     

大叶菜化学成分的研究

从大叶菜Selaginelladoederleinii中首次分得5个化合物，经光谱分析、化学反应、熔点和与文献对照等方法分别鉴定为大叶菜酸（doederleinicacid，Ⅰ），芹菜甙元（apigenin，Ⅱ），异茴芹素（isopimpinellin，Ⅲ）、β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol，Ⅳ）、硬脂酸（stearicacid，Ⅴ）。其中大叶菜酸为首次发现的新天然产物。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.