葡萄糖筛查试验阳性孕妇血清瘦素水平与糖代谢的关系

目的 探讨葡萄糖筛查试验(GCT)阳性孕妇血清瘦素(LP)水平与糖代谢的关系及其妊娠结局.方法 采用放射免疫法分别测定23例GCT阳性但口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)阴性孕妇、20例糖耐量低下(IGT)孕妇、20例妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇(以上为观察组)和30例正常孕妇(对照组)的血清LP、空腹胰岛素(FINS)和空腹血糖(FBG)水平,对各组血清LP水平、FINS水平、FBG水平、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)及胰岛素分泌指数(HOMA-IS)进行分析比较,并比较妊娠结局.结果 ①观察组血清LP水平、FINS水平、FBG水平、HOMA-IR及HOMA-IS与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);糖代谢异常孕妇血清LP水平与FINS水平、FBG水平、HOMA-IR及HOMA-IS呈正相关(P＜0.01).②各观察组的血清LP水平、FINS水平、FBG水平、HOMA-IR及HOMA-IS相比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).③分娩孕周、因胎儿大和胎儿宫内窘迫而进行的剖宫产率及新生儿体质量,观察组与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而各观察组之间的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 妊娠期糖代谢异常孕妇存在胰岛素抵抗和高胰岛素分泌,与血清LP水平升高密切相关;GCT阳性但OGTT阴性孕妇已存在糖代谢异常,并与妊娠结局相关.     

葡萄糖筛查试验阳性孕妇血清瘦素水平与糖代谢的关系

目的探讨葡萄糖筛查试验(GCT)阳性孕妇血清瘦素(LP)水平与糖代谢的关系及其妊娠结局。方法采用放射免疫法分别测定23例GCT阳性但口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)阴性孕妇、20例糖耐量低下(IGT)孕妇、20例妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇(以上为观察组)和30例正常孕妇(对照组)的血清LP、空腹胰岛素(FINS)和空腹血糖(FBG)水平,对各组血清LP水平、FINS水平、FBG水平、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)及胰岛素分泌指数(HOMA-IS)进行分析比较,并比较妊娠结局。结果①观察组血清LP水平、FINS水平、FBG水平、HOMA-IR及HOMA-IS与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);糖代谢异常孕妇血清LP水平与FINS水平、FBG水平、HOMA-IR及HOMA-IS呈正相关(P<0.01)。②各观察组的血清LP水平、FINS水平、FBG水平、HOMA-IR及HOMA-IS相比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。③分娩孕周、因胎儿大和胎儿宫内窘迫而进行的剖宫产率及新生儿体质量,观察组与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而各观察组之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论妊娠期糖代谢异常孕妇存在胰岛素抵抗和高胰岛素分泌,与血清LP水平升高密切相关;GCT阳性但OGTT阴性孕妇已存在糖代谢异常,并与妊娠结局相关。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者胰岛素抵抗及瘦素抵抗的研究

目的：探讨多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者体内胰岛素抵抗和瘦素抵抗的情况,进一步研究胰岛素、瘦素、肥胖与PCOS的关系。方法：临床收集30例正常对照者（正常对照组）、30例单纯性肥胖患者（单纯性肥胖组）和41例PCOS患者（PCOS组）的血清标本,分别测定其体质指数（BMI）、瘦素（Leptin）、空腹血糖（FBG）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）、三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白的水平,计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）。结果：①与正常对照组比较,PCOS组BMI、血清瘦素、FINS、HOMA-IR及低密度脂蛋白水平均显著性升高,高密度脂蛋白水平显著性下降（P〈0.05）;与单纯性肥胖组相比,PCOS组仅FINS水平显著性升高,BMI显著性降低（P〈0.05）。②PCOS组瘦素水平与BMI、FINS、HOMA-IR及三酰甘油水平有关。③正常对照组与PCOS非肥胖组的FINS和HOMA-IR差异无显著性意义（P〉0.05）,而PCOS肥胖组FINS和HOMA-IR均明显高于单纯性肥胖组（P〈0.05）;正常对照组与PCOS非肥胖组、单纯性肥胖组与PCOS肥胖组瘦素水平的差异均无显著性意义（P〉0.05）。结论：多囊卵巢综合征患者胰岛素水平和瘦素水平明显升高,可能存在胰岛素抵抗和瘦素抵抗;PCOS患者瘦素抵抗与胰岛素抵抗之间可能有相互调节的作用;PCOS患者出现胰岛素抵抗不仅是肥胖的后果,还可能与PCOS有直接的关系;PCOS患者瘦素水平的升高可能是肥胖的伴随表现。     

妊娠糖尿病患者胰岛β细胞功能与相关脂肪细胞因子的关系

目的观察妊娠糖尿病（GDM）患者胰岛β细胞功能与脂联素、内脂素、瘦素、抵抗素等脂肪细胞因子的关系。方法入选GDM患者（GDM组,n=56）、正常妊娠妇女（妊娠组,n=60）和正常育龄妇女（对照组,n=50）为受试者,测定3组研究对象的血糖（FBG）、血脂、胰岛素（FINS）等生化指标和血脂联素、内脂素、瘦素和抵抗素的水平。用稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）、胰岛素分泌指数（HOMA-β）和胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）评价胰岛β细胞功能。结果与对照组和妊娠组比较,GDM组患者的脂联素和内脂素水平下降,瘦素和抵抗素水平升高（P〈0.05）,同时FBG、FINS和HOMA-IR升高,HOMA-β和ISI下降（P〈0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示,影响GDM患者胰岛β细胞功能的因素有年龄、孕期、体质量指数（BMI）、FBG、FINS、脂联素、内脂素、瘦素和抵抗素（P〈0.05或0.01）。结论 GDM患者胰岛β细胞功能的受损可能与脂肪细胞因子分泌失衡有关。     

2型糖尿病患者血清瘦素水平与胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的探讨2型糖尿病血清瘦素和胰岛素抵抗的相互关系。方法103例2型糖尿病患者,检测身高、体重、血压、腰臀比值（WHR）、空腹血糖（FBG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、血清空腹胰岛素（FINS）、血清瘦素（Leptin）及肝肾功能和血脂变化,并计算胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）和胰岛素抵抗指数（HO-MA-IR）。用多元逐步回归分析和偏相关分析对瘦素与上述指标和胰岛素敏感指数的相关性进行分析。结果糖尿病患者血清leptin、FINS、HOMA-IR均较正常对照组显著升高（P〈0.01）,ISI显著下降（P〈0.01）;在糖尿病患者中,糖尿病组的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）,而HbA1c和ISI则明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）,但总胆固醇（TC）和甘油三酯（TG）两组之间差别无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。糖尿病组瘦素水平显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）。多元逐步回归分析显示,影响瘦素最主要的因素依次为性别、BMI、甘油三脂、胰岛素和ISI。结论2型糖尿病患者血清瘦素水平显著升高,且与胰岛素抵抗有明显相关性。     

妊娠高血压综合征患者血清视黄醇结合蛋白4的水平变化

目的检测妊高征患者血清视黄醇结合蛋白4(RBP4)的水平,探讨RBP4与妊高征的关系。方法妊高征组60例(轻度妊高征组35例、重度妊高征组25例),正常妊娠组35例,采用免疫比浊法测定其血清中RBP4,并同时测定其空腹血糖(FBG)及空腹胰岛素(FINS),计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。结果轻度和重度妊高征组血清RBP4和HOMA-IR均明显高于正常妊娠组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);重度妊高征组RBP4和HOMA-IR明显高于轻度妊高征组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血清RBP4水平升高,可作为妊高征患者临床观察指标。     

妊高征患者瘦素和胰岛素抵抗等代谢因素之间及血压的相关性研究

目的探讨妊娠高血压综合征(妊高征)患者血清瘦素、胰岛素(INS)水平和胰岛素抵抗之间的相关性,以及对血压的影响。方法以妊高征79例(其中轻度21例、中度19例、重度39例)作为研究对象;并与同期正常产妇30例为对照组。观察各组动脉血压、空腹血糖(FBG)、INS、瘦素水平;并计算胰岛素抵抗指数(IRI)。结果两组孕妇FBG水平差异无显著性(P>0.05);但妊高征组血浆FBG、INS和IRI水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.01或0.05);不同程度的妊高征组瘦素I、NS和IRI比较差异也有显著性(P<0.01或0.05)。妊高征组血压与胰岛素抵抗呈正相关(P<0.01);与瘦素I、NS水平的相关性则不明显。INS和瘦素水平I、RI之间具有明显的相关性(P<0.05或0.01)。结论妊高征患者存在有高INS和高瘦素水平及胰岛素抵抗等代谢紊乱;其中胰岛素抵抗与患者的血压明显相关。     

瘦素与神经肽Y在妊高征中的表达及相关性研究

目的 观察妊娠高血压综合征（PIH简称妊高征）患者瘦素与胎盘神经肽Y水平的变化，并探讨其与妊高征发病的关系。方法 选取PIH患者48例（PIH组）和30例正常晚孕妇女（正常晚孕组）为对照，采用放射免疫测定（RIA）法测定血清瘦素水平。采用免疫组化法测定胎盘瘦素水平及胎盘神经肽Y水平的表达。结果 ①放射免疫测定（RIA）法测定血清瘦素水平：妊高征孕妇产前血清瘦素水平明显高于正常孕妇，两组比较，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05=。②重度妊高征孕妇血清瘦素水平明显高于中度及轻度妊高征孕妇（P〈0．01=；中度妊高征孕妇血清瘦素水平，又明显高于轻度孕妇（P〈0．01=；轻度妊高征孕妇血清瘦素水平与正常妊娠组比较，差异无显著性（P〉0．05）；中重度妊高征血清瘦素水平与正常妊娠组比较，差异均有显著性（P〈0．01=。③两组妇女空腹血清瘦素水平均与BMI之间存在显著的正相关关系，相关系数（r）分别为正常妊娠组（r=0．428，P〈0．05=，妊高征组（r=0．502，P〈0．05=。④对照组与轻度PIH组胎盘瘦素水平比较，差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。但对照组与中重度PIH组相比，差异均有显著性，（P均〈0．01=，且重度PIH组明显高于中度PIH组（P〈0．01=。⑤对照组与轻中重PIH组胎盘NPY水平比较，差异有显著性，（P分别〈0．05、0．01、0．01=。且各组PIH之间，差异有显著性，（P均〈0．01=。⑥瘦素与NPY的相关性分析：对照组及轻度PIH组两者有相关性（r=-0．482、P〈0．05及r=-0．423 P〈0．05=；但中重度PIH组两者存在显著负相关性，（r=-0．781、P〈0．01及r=-0．853、P〈0．01=。结论 瘦素与神经肽Y可作为一种预测妊高征严重程度及衡量疗效的指标。     

血液透析患者瘦素水平与胰岛素抵抗的关系研究

目的:观察血液透析患者血清瘦素和胰岛素抵抗的影响,并探讨瘦素与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法:选择尿毒症维持性血液透析(MHD)患者40例(MHD组)及健康对照组40名。放射免疫法测定血清瘦素及空腹胰岛素(FINS)、同时检测空腹血糖(FBS)、体重指数(BMI)及肾功能等指标,计算胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)和稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)作为胰岛素抵抗指标,分析瘦素与各项参数的关系。结果:MHD组FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR均明显高于对照组(P<0.01),ISI明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。校正BMI与否,两组血清瘦素差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组血清瘦素与BMI、FINS、HOMA-IR均呈明显正相关关系(P<0.01),瘦素与ISI呈明显负相关关系(P<0.01),但控制BMI、FINS的影响后,瘦素与HOMA-IR及ISI均无明显相关关系(P>0.05)。结论:瘦素与胰岛素抵抗的关系可能是通过对体脂和胰岛素的影响而间接发生联系。     

妊娠糖尿病血清瘦素水平与胰岛素抵抗的相关性

目的探讨妊娠糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗与血清瘦素水平的关系。方法对就诊的妊娠妇女88例进行产前检查,符合标准的妊娠糖尿病43例（GDM）设为研究组,未诊断GDM的45例设立对照组。检测空腹血清瘦素、胰岛素、血脂水平、激素、空腹及餐后2h血糖检测,同时计算稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）。结果 GDM组患者的血糖、胰岛素均明显高于对照组;其HOMA-IR亦高于对照组;GDM组患者的血清瘦素为（8.22±1.87）ng/ml,明显的高于对照组的（1.15±0.37）ng/ml,两组具有统计学意义（t=2.10,P〈0.05）;GDM组患者其雌激素（21.7±5.5ng/ml）、孕激素（199.9±30.7）ng/ml和血PRL（5.5±1.1）IU/ml较NGT组孕妇明显的增高（P〈0.05）;经多元逐步回归分析显示,FINS、HOMA-IR与血清瘦素水平密切相关;瘦素在不同孕周中的表现为瘦素随着孕周的进行呈现上升趋势。结论在GDM患者中除了正常的生理性IR以外,还存在着病理性的IR过程,而其中GDM患者血中的瘦素与胰岛素之间存在拮抗作用,因此未来给予外源性拮抗瘦素作用药物将可能成为治疗GDM提供一条新的途径。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.