缬沙坦对糖尿病肾病的保护作用

目的观察血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体拮抗剂(AT1Ra)缬沙坦(Valsartan)对微量白蛋白尿的早期糖尿病肾病的治疗作用.方法40例不伴高血压的Ⅱ型糖尿病患者,24h尿白蛋白排泄率(24UAER)20～200μg/min,维持原糖尿病治疗不变作为对照组,在原糖尿病治疗基础上加用缬沙坦(50mg/d)作为治疗组,观察治疗12周前后平均动脉压(MAP)、24h UAER、HbA1C、内生肌酐清除率(Ccr)、血尿酸(UA)等指标的变化.结果对照组治疗前后各指标均无显著性变化,治疗组24hUAER从81.9(45～120)μg/min降至62.4(28～89)μg/min(P＜0.05),而其余指标无显著性变化.结论AT1 Ra缬沙坦可以减少糖尿病肾病的蛋白尿,且其肾脏保护作用不依赖于降压作用.     

卡维地洛与贝那普利联合治疗对老年早期糖尿病肾病尿白蛋白排泄率的影响

目的:观察卡维地洛与贝那普利联合应用对早期糖尿病(DM)肾病患者尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)的影响。方法:选取早期糖尿病肾病患者68例,随机分为联合治疗组34例和贝那普利组34例。两组控制血糖方法相同,贝那普利组给予贝那普利10mg每日1次,联合治疗组加服卡维地洛12.5mg每日1次,均连续治疗6个月。比较治疗前后两组患者血浆白蛋白(Alb)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Scr)、肌酐清除率(Ccr)及UAER的变化。观察药物不良反应。结果:治疗6个月后,两组UAER均显著降低(P<0.01),且与贝那普利组(81μg/min±30μg/min)相比,联合治疗组UAER(51μg/min±28μg/min)进一步显著降低(P<0.01),其他指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),未观察到严重不良反应。结论:卡维地洛与贝那普利联合治疗降低早期糖尿病肾病患者的UAER效果更显著,且使用安全,值得临床推广应用。     

缬沙坦对高血压合并2型糖尿病患者尿微量白蛋白的影响

目的:探讨缬沙坦与贝那普利联合对高血压合并2型糖尿病患者尿微量白蛋白(mALB)的影响。方法:将58例高血压合并2型糖尿病且伴微量白蛋白尿的患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组29例,对照组给予贝那普利治疗,观察组给予贝那普利加缬沙坦治疗,疗程24周。观察两组血压控制情况及治疗前、后mALB的变化。结果:两组血压均控制良好,均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组mALB水平均较治疗前减低,观察组优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:缬沙坦与贝那普利联合可显著降低高血压合并2型糖尿病患者的mALB水平,改善早期肾损害。     

螺内酯与贝那普利联合治疗对早期糖尿病肾病尿白蛋白排泄率的影响

目的观察螺内酯和贝那普利联合应用对早期糖尿病(DM)肾病患者尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)的影响。方法选取早期糖尿病肾病患者65例,随机分为联合治疗组33例和贝那普利组32例,2组控制血糖方法相同,贝那普利组给予贝那普利10mg,每日1次,联合治疗组加服螺内酯20mg,每日1次。均连续治疗6个月,比较治疗前后2组患者血浆白蛋白(Alb)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Scr)、肌酐清除率(Ccr)及UAER的变化,观察药物不良反应。结果治疗6个月后,2组UAER均显著降低(P<0.01),且与贝那普利组(81μg/min±30μg/min)相比,联合治疗组UAER(51μg/min±28μg/min)进一步显著降低(P<0.01),其他指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),未观察到严重不良反应。结论贝那普利与小剂量螺内酯联用降低早期糖尿病肾病患者的UAER效果更显著,且使用安全。     

缬沙坦对早期糖尿病肾病的治疗作用探讨

目的：探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ Ⅰ型受体拮抗剂（AT1Ra)缬沙坦（Valsartan）对伴微量白蛋白尿的早期糖尿病肾病的治疗作用。方法：64例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者（24h尿蛋白排泄率20-200μg/min）在原抗糖尿病的基础上,随机分为四组,一组为正常对照（16例）,其余三组分别给予缬沙坦80mg/d(16例）、缬沙坦160mg/d(16例）;依那普利20mg/d(16例）。观察12周后平均动脉压（MAP）、14h UAER、HbA1c及Ccr等指标的变化。结果：12周后,MAP、24h UAER均有明显变化（P＜0.05),但尿微量白蛋白排泄率的下降下血压下降无显著性关性（r=0.365)。结论：缬沙坦可以降低早期糖尿病肾病的蛋白尿,对早期糖尿病肾病具有肾脏保护作用,且具有良好耐受性。     

缬沙坦联合贝那普利治疗早期糖尿病肾病的临床疗效

目的：探讨缬沙坦联合贝那普利治疗糖尿病肾病的临床疗效。方法：将78例合并早期糖尿病肾病的2型糖尿病患者随机分为3组，每组各26例。缬沙坦组应用缬沙坦80 mg/d，贝那普利组应用贝那普利10 mg/d，联合用药组应用贝那普利10 mg/d＋缬沙坦80 mg/d。观察各组治疗前后24 h尿白蛋白排泄率（UAER）、平均动脉压（MAP）、肾功能等指标的变化。结果：治疗16周患者尿蛋白均有不同程度下降，联合组尿蛋白下降程度明显优于单一用药组，差异有显著性意义（P﹤0.05），无严重不良反应发生。 结论：缬沙坦联合贝那普利治疗糖尿病肾病可有效降低血压，明显降低尿蛋白， 防止DN的进展，提高患者生存状况。     

贝那普利与缬沙坦联合治疗早期糖尿病肾病临床疗效观察

目的：探讨贝那普利与缬沙坦联合治疗对早期糖尿病肾病的肾保护作用。方法：60例合并早期糖尿病肾病的2型糖尿病患者,随机分为3组,每组各20例。贝那普利组应用贝那普利10?mg/d,缬沙坦组应用缬沙坦80?mg/d,联合用药组应用贝那普利10?mg/d和缬沙坦80?mg/d。观察治疗前后尿白蛋白排出量（UAE）、平均动脉压（MAP）、尿转化生长因子β（TGF β）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、肾功能等指标的变化。结果：3组治疗后,UAE、尿TGF β水平均显著下降（P＜0.01）,联合用药组下降幅度显著大于贝那普利组和缬沙坦组（P＜0.05）。各组治疗后MAP显著降低（P＜0.05）,各组间治疗前后血压变化差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：贝那普利和缬沙坦联合应用较单独应用可显著降低早期糖尿病肾病患者的微量白蛋白尿,具有独立于降血压之外的肾脏保护作用。     

厄贝沙坦在糖尿病肾病中的临床研究

目的 探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂(ARB)厄贝沙坦片(安博维)对糖尿病肾病尿蛋白排泄的影响.方法 选取33名糖尿病肾病患者,随机分成2组:A组17例用贝那普利片(洛汀新)治疗,年龄55±12岁,糖尿病肾病病程2.0±1.3年,洛汀新用量10mgqd.尿常规蛋白定性阳性6例(35.3%).B组16例,用安博维150mg/d口服.年龄56±14岁,糖尿病肾病病程1.9±1.6年.尿蛋白定性阳性5例(35.7%).观察12周后平均动脉压(MAP),血糖,24hUAER,尿β 2微球蛋白(β2-MG)及Ccr等指标的变化.结果 12周后,MAP,24hUAER均有明显变化P＜0.05.但尿微量白蛋白排泄率的下降与血压下降无显著相关性r＜0.35.结论 安博维辅助治疗糖尿病肾病能够减少尿蛋白,改善肾功能.且具有良好的耐受性.     

厄贝沙坦在糖尿病肾病中的临床研究

目的 探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂(ARB)厄贝沙坦片(安博维)对糖尿病肾病尿蛋白排泄的影响.方法 选取33名糖尿病肾病患者,随机分成2组:A组17例用贝那普利片(洛汀新)治疗,年龄55±12岁,糖尿病肾病病程2.0±1.3年,洛汀新用量10mgqd.尿常规蛋白定性阳性6例(35.3%).B组16例,用安博维150mg/d口服.年龄56±14岁,糖尿病肾病病程1.9±1.6年.尿蛋白定性阳性5例(35.7%).观察12周后平均动脉压(MAP),血糖,24hUAER,尿β 2微球蛋白(β2-MG)及Ccr等指标的变化.结果 12周后,MAP,24hUAER均有明显变化P＜0.05.但尿微量白蛋白排泄率的下降与血压下降无显著相关性r＜0.35.结论 安博维辅助治疗糖尿病肾病能够减少尿蛋白,改善肾功能.且具有良好的耐受性.     

贝那普利治疗糖尿病肾病微量蛋白尿疗效观察

目的　观察贝那普利治疗糖尿病肾病的疗效。方法　 4 6例 2型糖尿病伴蛋白尿的患者 ,随机分为 2组 ,治疗组 2 4例 ,对照组 2 2例。两组降血糖治疗相仿 ,治疗组应用贝那普利 5～ 2 0mg/d。结果　治疗 12周后 ,两组试验前后血糖下降均有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1) ,但组间比较统计学无显著差异 ;2 4小时尿白蛋白总量 ,12周后分别为 :治疗组 ,(10 3.76± 6 8.1)mg ;对照组 ,(2 11.6 1± 6 9.4 8)mg ,组间比较统计学显著差异 (P<0 .0 0 1)。结论　 2型糖尿病并发肾病的患者 ,使用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂 ,可明显改善白蛋白尿 ,有效缓解肾病。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.