三七皂甙增强一氧化氮介导的慢性缺氧大鼠肺动脉舒张作用

研究三七皂甙（ＰＮＳ）对慢性缺氧大鼠肺动脉舒缩活动的影响。采用间断常压缺氧法制备大鼠慢性缺氧模型，腹腔注射（ｉｐ）ＰＮＳ（１００ｍｇ．ｋｇ＾－１．ｄ＾－１）２１天。３周后处死大鼠制备肺动脉血管环，观察乙酰胆碱（Ａｃｈ）、钙离子载体Ａ２３１８７和硝普钠（ＳＮＰ）对血管环的舒张作用。同时观察Ａｃｈ和Ａ２３１８７对血环一氧化氮（ＮＯ）生成的诱导作用及一氧化氮合成酶（ＮＯＳ）抑制剂（Ｌ－ＮＡＭＥ）对它们作     

中枢和外周乙酰胆碱对大鼠脑内甲硫氨酸脑啡肽的影响及…

本文采用不易通过血脑屏障的胆碱酯抑制剂－－新斯的明（ＮＳ）和乙酰胆碱合成抑制剂－－密胆碱（ＨＣ－３）经脑室、皮下及腹腔注射，分别升高和降低中枢及外周ＡＣｈ的水平，以观测其对大鼠痛阈和间脑、尾核内甲硫氨酸脑啡肽（Ｍｅｔ－ＥＮＫ）含量的影响。结果发现：①新斯的明可明显提高大鼠的痛阈和脑内Ｍｅｔ－ＥＮＫ的含量；脑室给药的效应明显小于皮下给药者；②新斯的明有加强电针的镇痛效应，脑室给药对尾核内Ｍｅｔ－ＥＮ     

大剂量强啡肽A（1—17）对脊髓NMDA受体功能和一氧化氮？…

目的 观察大剂量强啡肽以及一氧化氮麦（ＮＯＳ）抑制剂对脊髓ＮＭＤＡ受体功能和ＮＯＳ活性的影响。方法 以＾３Ｈ－ＭＫ８０１为配基,采用放射配基法测定ＮＭＤＡ受体结合活性;以精氨酸转化法测定脊髓组织胞浆相ＮＯＳ活性。结果 给大鼠蛛网膜下腔注射Ｄｙｎ Ａ（１－１７）０．５ｈ后,脊髓腹侧组织的＾３Ｈ－ＭＫ８０１结合活性以及ｃＮＯＳ活性即显著升高,且持续４８ｈ;ｉＮＯＳ在给药后４ｈ升高,脊髓背侧＾３Ｈ－ＭＫ     

血小板活化因子拮抗剂BN52021对大鼠肾电解质转运的影响

目的确定血小板活化因子拮抗剂ＢＮ５２０２１对正常和肾病大鼠尿电解质排泄的影响。方法制备大鼠阿霉素肾病模型，观察ＮＢ５２０２１使用后大鼠尿电解质的排泄情况。结果用ＢＮ５２０２１后１周，大鼠尿Ｎａ＋排泄量从对照组的２．４８７６±０．１８６２ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ增加到处理组的３．９８０６±１．０８９６ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ，Ｃｌ－１排泄量从１．５１４９±０．２０８７ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ增加到２．２４００±０．６４４９ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ，而Ｋ＋的排泄则从１．２４７９±０．０５４７ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ减少到０．４５０７±０．２１１８ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ（Ｐ均＜０．０１）；且ＢＮ５２０２１处理的大鼠，肾髓质的Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性为１．８±１．７μｍｏｌＰ·ｍｇ－１蛋白·ｈ－１，较对照组的４．６±１．１μｍｏｌＰ·ｍｇ－１蛋白·ｈ－１（Ｐ＜０．０１），明显受到抑制。结论ＢＮ５２０２１抑制大鼠肾脏Ｎａ＋、Ｃｌ－１的重吸收及Ｋ＋的分泌，这一作用与大鼠肾髓质的Ｎａ＋、Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性的抑制有关。     

中性粒细胞在内毒素血症的大鼠肾损伤中的作用

目的：探讨实验性内毒素血症的大鼠肾损伤的机理，特别是中怀粒细胞在其中的作用。方法；大鼠尾静脉一次性注射内毒素（ＬＰＳ），或先注入盐酸氮芥，再注射ＬＰＳ２５０μｇ．ｋｇ＾－１体重后１、３、５、１２、２４、４８和７２ｈ检测肾功能、功能、形态、（光、电镜）及肾组织浆中丙二醛含量。结果：（１）一瓷生大鼠尾静脉注射ＬＰＳ２５０μｇ．ｋｇ＾－１体重后可出现一次性肾功能损害；（２）从形态学上来看，肾小球病变是Ｌ     

κ阿片受体介导100Hz电针对吗啡戒断大鼠心动过速的缓解作用

目的 研究１００Ｈｚ电针缓解吗啡戒断大鼠心动过速的受体机制。方法 在吗啡戒断１８－２４ｈ的大鼠模型上,腹腔注射阿片受体拮抗纳洛酮（ｎａｌｏｘｏｎｅ,ＮＸ）或侧脑室注射κ阿片受体拮抗剂ｎｏｒ－ｂｉｎａｌｔｏｒｐｈｉｍｉｎｅ（ｎｏｒ－ＢＮＩ）给予１００Ｈｚ电针刺激,记录吗啡戒断大鼠清醒状态下的心率和血压。结果：１００Ｈｚ电针的作用可被腹腔注射ＮＸ１ｍｇ．ｋｇ＾－１完全翻转,被侧脑室注射Ｎｏｒ－ＢＮＩ１     

内源性一氧化氮在下丘脑室旁核的心血管作用

实验采用神经核团得量注射的方法,观察了６３只大鼠单侧室旁核微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂在精氨酸甲基酯（Ｌ－ＮＡＭＥ）平均动脉压（ＭＡＰ）和心率（ＨＲ）的影响。结果发现：（１）室旁核（ＰＶＮ）微量注射Ｌ－ＮＡＭＥ（０．１βｍｏｌ／μ１）引起ＭＡＰ显著升高,ＨＲ加快;（２）ＰＶＮ微量注射一氧化氮前体Ｌ－ＡＲＧ可拮抗Ｌ－ＮＡＭＥ的效应;（３）ＰＶＮ内微量注射Ｌ－ＡＲＧ可使血压下降,心率减慢。结果表明内源性     

脑室注射高渗氯化钠诱导脑内c—fos与egr—1表达以及与AVP神？…

目的 观察脑室注射高渗氯化钠诱导的脑内ｃ－ｆｏｓ与ｅｇｒ－１的表达特征,并用双重细胞染色方法观察脑内ｃ－ｆｏｓ表达与下丘脑视上核（ＳＯＮ）中加压素（ＡＶＰ）能神经元之间的关系。方法 用ＳＤ种系清醒大鼠,侧脑室微量注射高渗氯化钠,１ｈ后作ｃ－ｆｏｓ与ｅｇｒ－１的免疫细胞化学邓和细胞双重染色。结果 （１）脑）脑室注射高渗氯化钠可在终末血管器官（ＯＶＬＴ）、正中视前核（ＭＰＮ）、ＳＯＮ、下丘脑室旁核（Ｐ     

Tc—99m标记抗AFP抗体在人肝癌裸鼠模型中的定位显像研究

目的：揭示锝（Ｔｃ）－９９ｍ标记的单克隆抗体在肿瘤定位中的应用。方法：通过ＳＭＣ－７７２１－ＣＳ细胞株诱导原发性肝癌实体瘤裸鼠模型，将Ｔｃ－９９ｍ标记抗ＡＦＰ单克隆抗体（ＡｎｔｉＡＦＰ－ＭｃＡｂ）和正常鼠免疫球蛋白（ＮＭＩｇＧ）通过尾静脉注射荷瘤裸鼠，分别在１５ｍｎ、１２ｈ、２４ｈ作单光子发射计算机断层显像（ＳＰＥＣＴ），结果：在注射标记抗体２４ｈ能得到清晰的肿瘤显像，对照组无肿瘤显像，其中靶与非     

右旋美托咪啶对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及机制

【目的】 探讨右旋美托咪啶在脑缺血再灌注损伤中的保护作用和相关机制。【方法】 ４２只雄性ＳＤ大鼠随机分为３组,每组１４只：右旋美托咪啶组（Ｄｅｘ）采用右旋美托咪啶５ μｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｈ－１恒速输注２ ｈ;拮抗剂组（Ｄｅｘ＋Ｙｏｈ）于开启注射泵前１０ ｍｉｎ经尾静脉输注拮抗剂育亨宾１ ｍｇ／ｋｇ,余用法同上组;对照组（Ｃｏｎ）以同等速度输注生理盐水２ｈ。所有大鼠行大脑中动脉栓塞术,缺血９０ ｍｉｎ后再灌注。观察术后２４ ｈ神经功能评分、脑梗死体积、水肿指数以及脑组织白介素（ＩＬ）－１β、肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）－α水平、核蛋白ＮＦ－κＢｐ６５表达量。 【结果】再灌注２４ｈ后,脑梗死体积的比较显示Ｄｅｘ组（１７ ± ２．８）％较Ｄｅｘ＋Ｙｏｈ组（３８ ± ４．９）％与Ｃｏｎ组（４２ ± ５．７）％明显减小（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）,水肿指数比较显示Ｄｅｘ组（１．０２１ ± ０．０９８）较Ｄｅｘ＋Ｙｏｈ组（１．３４２ ± ０．１３７）与Ｃｏｎ组（１．４１７ ± ０．１０５）显著降低,差异有统计学意义（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）。脑组织ＩＬ－１β、ＴＮＦ－α及ＮＦ－κＢｐ６５蛋白表达量的比较均显示Ｄｅｘ组较Ｄｅｘ＋Ｙｏｈ组与Ｃｏｎ组明显下降（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）。【结论】 右旋美托咪啶通过抑制ＮＦ－κＢ通路的激活减少促炎因子的产生,对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.