利用VBA优化PowerPoint化学反应速率和化学平衡实验

应用PowerPoint2003的动画功能仿真化学反应速率和化学平衡实验操作,利用VBA对实验进行优化。该课件具有选择功能,能够根据实验内容的要求完全模仿实验操作。根据实际实验数据进行相似的实验过程,模仿实验结果真实可靠,运行效果较好。     

新建本科院校药剂学实验教学改革及实践

药剂学是实践性很强的一门课程,着眼于以理论知识为载体、基本实验技能和科学研究能力培养为主导,进行实践性教学,方能取得良好效果。在药剂学的实验教学中,针对本院现实条件,本院药学教研室进行了实验改革,对实验的时间安排和方案设计进行了改进,建立了新的教学模式,取得了较好的实验效果。     

超临界二氧化碳流体萃取中药实验的因素浅析

目的:探讨超临界二氧化碳流体萃取中药实验的影响因素,确定最佳实验步骤.方法:对各类超临界二氧化碳流体萃取中药实验的文献报道和实验操作进行综述分析.结果:因素有萃取压力和温度,分离压力和温度,CO2流量,萃取时间,夹带剂,物料粉碎度.结论:应明确实验目的;精选因素和水平;选择合适的实验设计方案;按照方案进行试验;将试验结果进行分析处理得出优化条件.     

均匀设计与正交设计联用方法在药学实验中的应用

本课题对均匀设计和正交设计方法在药学实验中的应用进行了研究,通过对比两种实验方法的优点与局限性,引入均匀设计与正交设计联用方法安排实验,对实验结果进行分析,证明了通过该方法设计药学实验可以提高产率,优化工艺。     

兔角膜上皮细胞短期暴露实验替代兔眼刺激实验的可行性研究

目的：探讨用兔角膜上皮细胞（SIRC）模型对眼用制剂包装材料的浸提液进行短时暴露（STE）实验,以替代动物眼刺激实验的可行性。方法：在眼用制剂包装材料的浸提液中加入不同浓度的阳性物质,同时进行STE实验和兔眼刺激实验,比较两种实验分级的一致程度。结果：两种方法对不同浓度的阳性浸提液进行实验分级的一致程度为78．6％,统计学分析证明两种方法具有相当的一致性。以动物实验的分级为标准,STE实验的灵敏度和特异性分别为100％和80％,假阳性率为20％,假阴性率为0％。结论：SIRC的STE眼刺激实验有潜力作为眼用制剂包装材料眼刺激性实验的替代方法。     

构建创新药学综合型开放实验项目初探

为了培养综合性人才,转变实验教学模式,提高学生的创新能力,在实验室开放的前提下,将药学各学科进行交叉联系,对实验内容、实验方法进行改进和创新,构建一个创新型的综合型开放实验项目平台.开放实验室,使学生能够自主设计并完成实验,提高学生创新能力和解决问题的能力.构建药学创新综合型开放实验项目平台有助于提高学生的实践能力和创新思维,是实验教学的必然趋势.     

异法同步实验模式在药物化学实验中的应用

在2003级药学专业药物化学实验课程中建立和应用异法同步实验模式,并对学生的实验结果进行分析和讨论。此实验模式的应用将科学的思维方法渗透给学生,并间接地增加了实验内容,拓宽了学生的实验时间和空间。     

灯盏花素葡萄糖注射液安全性评价

目的:通过多种动物实验对灯盏花素葡萄糖注射液的安全性进行评价,分别进行了灯盏花素葡萄糖注射液的一般药理性实验、局部刺激性实验、急性毒性实验、溶血性实验、被动过敏性试验.方法与结果:通过相关的动物实验结果表明,灯盏花素葡萄糖注射液对实验动物一般生理性活动和精神及神经活动无明显影响,局部刺激反应不明显,成功得出该药对小鼠的...     

银镜反应实验条件的探讨

经过反复实验比较 ,并结合理论分析 ,对银镜反应实验条件进行了探讨和改进 ,基本上掌握了银镜反应实验的最佳条件 ,达到了理想的实验效果     

中药学专业课程改革之《药用植物学与中药鉴定学》的整合之我见

中药学专业的课程改革中,将原独立开设的《药用植物学》与《中药鉴定学》课程进行整合,组建《药用植物学与中药鉴定学》课程,着重对课程的实验改革进行了探讨,包括学时数的合理分配,实验内容的重排和调整。实验内容以验证性实验为主,增加了综合性实验,旨在培养学生的基本操作技能和综合能力,其中综合性实验有效的增强两门课程的内在联系,突出课程整合的意义。     

高年级大学生管理中存在的问题与对策

根据大学生的成长特点,将在校大学生分为中低年级大学生、高年级大学生、毕业班大学生。在分析高年级大学生在思想、学习、生活、工作等方面的种种表现后,认为高年级在大学生涯中处于承上启下的阶段,也是大学生之间相互“分化”的关键阶段。其原因是部分高年级大学生自我定位不清,职业目标不明。为此,提出以职业生涯规划为切入点,对高年级大学生展开富有针对性的思想政治教育和常规管理,并以此为基础探索高校学生管理工作的新思路。     

大学生对抗菌药物认知度调查分析

目的：调查某市两所高校在校大学生对抗菌药物知识的了解情况,为进一步在大学生中开展合理应用抗菌药物健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法以自编问卷对这两所高校10个不同专业学生进行抗菌药物认知度调查。结果大学生对抗菌药物知识的正确认知率为61．7％,其中医药类专业为72．3％,非医药类专业为53．4％,两者差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）;低年级大学生为57．2％,高年级大学生为68．1％,差异亦有统计学意义。大学生自主使用抗菌药物行为达84．1％,医药专业类学生（88．6％）高于非医药专业类学生（80．6％）（P＜0．01）。结论大学生群体对抗菌药物的合理应用及其不良反应认知不充分,应加强相关知识宣传教育,以提高其合理应用抗菌药物的水平。     

Measuring Achievement Goal Orientations of Pharmacy Students

Objectives. To measure the achievement goal orientations of pharmacy students attending a 3-year (accelerated) doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) program.Methods. A 16-item survey based on the Achievement Goal Questionnaire (AGQ) was administered to first-year (P1) and second-year (P2) pharmacy students at the Appalachian College of Pharmacy (ACP). Students were instructed to indicate to what degree each statement was true for them using a 7-point Likert scale (1=not true of me, 7=very true of me).Results. One hundred twenty of the 155 students (77%) completed the survey. Most students had mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, and/or performance-avoidance goal orientations; few had work-avoidance goal orientations. Second-year students and male students had higher work-avoidance mean scores than did P1 students and female students (p<0.05).Conclusion. Pharmacy students were mastery- and performance-oriented learners, and most did not have work-avoidance goal orientations. Male students and P2 students had higher work-avoidance than did female students and P1 students, respectively. More longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.     

The drinking patterns of American and Polish university students: a cross-national study

A study of 3375 American and 1408 Polish university students was accomplished to test the hypotheses that cultural differences influence drinking patterns and beverage preferences between countries. Using the same questionnaire in both samples, the results revealed that significantly (P less than 0.001) more drinks per week were consumed by both Polish male (24.9) and female (15.2) students compared to American male (15.0) and female (7.6) students. Significantly (P less than 0.001) more wine was consumed by Polish (8.7) compared to the American (0.8) students. American female students consumed more beer than Polish female students. There was no difference between beer and spirits consumption between American and Polish males and Polish students in latter school years consumed more alcohol compared to students in the first years of school. It was concluded that the samples of students in this study reflected their cultures in terms of drinking patterns and beverage preference.     

Empathy levels in first- and third-year students in health and non-health disciplines

Objective. To compare empathy scores between health professions students (pharmacy and nursing) and non-health professions (law) students and between first- and third-year students.Methods. The Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy-Student Version was completed by 282 students.Results. Nursing and pharmacy students had significantly more empathy than did law students. Third-year pharmacy students scored higher on empathy than did first-year pharmacy students, whereas the converse was true for nurses. There was no significant difference in empathy between first- and third-year law students. Across the study years, empathy increased among pharmacy students, decreased among nurses, and remained the same among law students. Women scored higher on empathy than did males.Conclusions. Empathy scores among university students vary depending on discipline and year of study.     

The parental influence of betel‐chewing behavior among junior high school students in Taiwan

A cross‐sectional study with stratification sampling was conducted to explore the parental influence of betel‐chewing behavior among junior high school students in Taichung County in 1998. The sample consisted of 2244 students in three different districts in Taichung County: the mountain line area, the seashore area; and the satellite cities area (near Taichung City). A self‐reported questionnaire was filled out anonymously by the sampled students. Fifty percent of the students’ fathers and 2.5% of the students’ mothers are betel chewers. A higher prevalence of betel chewing is found among students whose parents are betel chewers. Also the lower the father's educational level, the higher the prevalence of betel chewing among the students. Compared with students whose fathers have more than 12 years of education, the odds ratio is 2.35 for the prevalence of betel chewing among students with fathers whose educational levels are no more than 9 years. However, parents’ vocations are not related to the prevalence of betel chewing among junior high school students. Finally, students whose parents are separated or divorced have a higher prevalence of betel chewing. An effective health education program for the high‐risk group students and an evaluation procedure for the effectiveness of the program is necessary to prevent the increase of betel chewing among Taiwan's youth.     

深圳市中学生使用药物与精神活性物质的追踪研究

目的 :了解经济发达地区中学生使用药物与精神活性物质的情况。方法 :分别于 1998年 5月和 1999年 5月对深圳市 10所中学进行调查。调查内容包括烟草使用、饮酒、药物和精神活性物质的使用情况。对前后两次调查结果进行比较。结果 :(1)初中生中吸烟的比率从 1998年的 19.3%上升到 1999年的 2 3.9% ,高中生从 4 1.0 %上升到 4 3.0 % ;有 2 .1% - 2 .4 %的中学生准备在今后一年内吸烟 ;(2 )每周都饮酒的比率初中生从 1998年的 9.4 %上升到 1999年的 12 .6 % ,高中学生从 17.9%上升到 19.7% ;曾饮过酒的比率初中生从 1998年的 4 0 .5 %上升到 1999年的 4 8.4 % ,高中学生从 6 3.5 %上升到 6 8.6 % ;(3)初中生中承认用过大麻、可卡因、海洛因、阿片等毒品的比率 1999年有所下降 ,但高中生中的比率上升显著 ;在初、高中生中承认用过镇静催眠药的比率很高 ,且 1999年上升明显。结论 :当前中学生中存在药物和毒品使用问题。及时采取有效措施减少和降低这些危险行为带来的损失和影响 ,是青少年工作的当务之急     

Stress coping and psychological adaptation in the international students

International students all over the world meet a lot of stressful situations due to different academic demands, cultural context, language problems and other adaptation difficulties. There is little evidence to explain what stress coping strategies are used by international students to cope with stressful situations and how they are connected to psychological adaptation. So the purpose of this study was to assess associations between psychological adaptation and stress coping strategies in international and domestic students. The study recruited 356 students: 258 host and 98 international students. Stress coping strategies were measured by Coping Orientation of Problem Experience questionnaire. Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale was used to measure depressive symptoms. Stress related health complaints were measured using a scale devised by the authors of this study. The study ascertained that in stressful situations international students used different stress coping strategies when compared to domestic students. Moreover, stress coping strategies used by international and domestic students were differently connected to health outcomes. The study pointed out that by researchers and counselors’ special attention should be given to international students.     

Determinants of stages of smoking uptake among secondary school students

With the uptake of cigarette smoking hypothesised to occur through a series of contemplation and action stages, we sought to investigate what factors are associated with the contemplation of smoking among secondary school students in Queensland, Australia. A series of four cross-sectional surveys were conducted among secondary schools in Queensland in 1993, 1996, 1999 and 2002. Respondents (n = 9993) were asked about the stages of smoking. Nearly half (43%) of secondary school students reported some contemplation of smoking. Increased levels of smoking contemplation were observed among females, earlier survey years, Junior level students, students with average or below average scholastic ability, those prepared to go out with a smoker, those with recent alcohol experience, those who had influenced other students to smoke or had not discouraged other students smoking. The results of this study provide further information about the factors relevant to stages of smoking uptake among secondary school students and the influence that students may have on their peers.     

以大学生创新项目为依托培养大学生科研创新能力

通过大学生科研创新教育改革,提高本科生创新能力、自主学习能力。以分析国内本科生科研创新能力的培养现状为切入点,结合学院药理教研室前期指导大学生创新课题项目的经验,探讨本科生科研创新能力的培养途径。学生在教师指导下完成了大学生创新项目,增强了科研兴趣、创新能力。以大学生创新项目为依托培养大学生科研创新能力,有效培养学生自主学习意识以及发现问题和解决实际问题的能力。