以家庭为中心的健康教育在肿瘤患者放射治疗中的应用

目的 探讨健康教育在肿瘤患者放射治疗中的实施及效果.方法 选择接受放射治疗的肿瘤患者160例,随机分为观察组(80例)和对照组(80例).观察组遵循以家庭为中心的健康教育模式;对照组按常规方法进行健康教育.结果 观察组患者健康知识技能的掌握情况、放射反应程度、患者家属满意度明显优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者治疗过程中出现中、重度放疗反应的人数、医院感染的发生率及放疗的天数明显少于对照组(P<0.05).结论 实施以家庭为中心的健康教育路径能够提高健康教育的效果、减轻放疗反应、提高满意度和患者的生活质量.

Abstract：

Objective To explorer the effect of health education on tumor patients during radiotherapy .Methods A total of160 tumor patients who accepted radiotherapy were randomly divided into observation group (80 cases) and control group (80 cases). The patients in observation group were treated with family-centered health education and routine health education was performed in control group.Results The awareness of health knowledge and skills, the extent of radiation reaction and the satisfaction degree of patients' family member in observation group were better than in control group (P<0.05); and the patients' number of middle and serious radiation reaction, the incidence rate of hospital infection and days of taking radiotherapy in observation group were less than in control group (P<0.05).Conclusions To practice family-centered health education could raise the effect, relieve the radiation reaction, elevate satisfaction degree and life quality of patients.     

健康教育对乙肝患者抑郁心理及治疗依从性的影响

目的 探讨健康教育对慢性乙型肝炎患者心理状态及治疗依从性的影响.方法 将148例慢性乙型肝炎患者随机分为观察组和对照组各74例.对照组采用常规护理,观察组在此基础上实施健康教育.采用SDS比较2组患者抑郁发生情况,自行设计调查问卷比较患者的治疗依从性.结果 1年后,观察组抑郁发生率及SDS得分显著低于对照组;观察组治疗依从性显著高于对照 组.结论 健康教育可降低慢性乙肝患者抑郁发生率,改善其心理状态,提高治疗依从性,从而提高乙肝患者的生活质量.

Abstract：

Objective To study the impact of health education on the depression state and compliance of patients with chronic hepatitis B. Methods 148 patients were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 74 patients in each group. Conventional nursing care was taken in the control group and the health education was applied based on conventional nursing care in the observation group. The SDS was used to compare the occurrence of depression of the patients and the self-designed questionnaire was used to compare treatment compliance. Results After 1 year, the incidence of depression and SDS score were significantly lower in the observation group. The treatment compliance of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group. Conclusions The health education canreduce depression state, improve mental state, the treatment compliance and quality of life of patients with chronic hepatitis B.     

护理干预对宫颈癌患者放疗后并发症的影响

Objective To investigate the nursing intervention on the complication after radiotherapy of cervical cancer patients.Methods A total of 130 cervical cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy were randomly divided into two groups:control group was given conventional methods only treatment and care,while the observation group was given additional routine treatment and care according to the situation in which two radiation therapy in patients with stages of psychological nursing,health education,guidance,individualized care and symptomatic treatment intervention,and then the number of cases of complications for the patients as well as the degree of satisfaction were compared.Results After the first phase of the second phase,the incidence of complications was significantiy lower in observation group than that of the control group,the degree of satisfaction was significantly higher (P＜0.05) .Conclusions The implementation of nursing intervention for cervical cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy can be effective in reducing the incidence of complications and improve patients' satisfaction.     

社会支持对肝硬化患者生活质量的影响研究

Objective To discuss the effect of social support to the quality of life of the patients with hepatocirrhosis. Methods 98 hepatocirrhosis patients in our hospital were divided into observation and control groups. Both the groups were accepted routine therapy and nursing while striving for social support for the patients of observation group, then having a whole evaluation to the status of patients, in the study early interference and health education were important. SSRE (Social Support Rating Scale) and SF - 36QOL made by America medi-cine graduate school to research and survey the two patients. Results The whole mark of social support (46.33 ±3.78) and the whole health of QOL (78.86±11.31 ) and every dimensionality of observation group were all bet-ter than those of control group (P<0.01) . Conclusions The social support can infect directly the QOL of pa-tients with hepatocirrhosis, all the doctors and nurses should recognition the system of social support, in order to improve the QOL of the patients.     

社会支持对肝硬化患者生活质量的影响研究

Objective To discuss the effect of social support to the quality of life of the patients with hepatocirrhosis. Methods 98 hepatocirrhosis patients in our hospital were divided into observation and control groups. Both the groups were accepted routine therapy and nursing while striving for social support for the patients of observation group, then having a whole evaluation to the status of patients, in the study early interference and health education were important. SSRE (Social Support Rating Scale) and SF - 36QOL made by America medi-cine graduate school to research and survey the two patients. Results The whole mark of social support (46.33 ±3.78) and the whole health of QOL (78.86±11.31 ) and every dimensionality of observation group were all bet-ter than those of control group (P<0.01) . Conclusions The social support can infect directly the QOL of pa-tients with hepatocirrhosis, all the doctors and nurses should recognition the system of social support, in order to improve the QOL of the patients.     

社会支持对肝硬化患者生活质量的影响研究

Objective To discuss the effect of social support to the quality of life of the patients with hepatocirrhosis. Methods 98 hepatocirrhosis patients in our hospital were divided into observation and control groups. Both the groups were accepted routine therapy and nursing while striving for social support for the patients of observation group, then having a whole evaluation to the status of patients, in the study early interference and health education were important. SSRE (Social Support Rating Scale) and SF - 36QOL made by America medi-cine graduate school to research and survey the two patients. Results The whole mark of social support (46.33 ±3.78) and the whole health of QOL (78.86±11.31 ) and every dimensionality of observation group were all bet-ter than those of control group (P<0.01) . Conclusions The social support can infect directly the QOL of pa-tients with hepatocirrhosis, all the doctors and nurses should recognition the system of social support, in order to improve the QOL of the patients.     

社会支持对肝硬化患者生活质量的影响研究

Objective To discuss the effect of social support to the quality of life of the patients with hepatocirrhosis. Methods 98 hepatocirrhosis patients in our hospital were divided into observation and control groups. Both the groups were accepted routine therapy and nursing while striving for social support for the patients of observation group, then having a whole evaluation to the status of patients, in the study early interference and health education were important. SSRE (Social Support Rating Scale) and SF - 36QOL made by America medi-cine graduate school to research and survey the two patients. Results The whole mark of social support (46.33 ±3.78) and the whole health of QOL (78.86±11.31 ) and every dimensionality of observation group were all bet-ter than those of control group (P<0.01) . Conclusions The social support can infect directly the QOL of pa-tients with hepatocirrhosis, all the doctors and nurses should recognition the system of social support, in order to improve the QOL of the patients.     

社会支持对肝硬化患者生活质量的影响研究

Objective To discuss the effect of social support to the quality of life of the patients with hepatocirrhosis. Methods 98 hepatocirrhosis patients in our hospital were divided into observation and control groups. Both the groups were accepted routine therapy and nursing while striving for social support for the patients of observation group, then having a whole evaluation to the status of patients, in the study early interference and health education were important. SSRE (Social Support Rating Scale) and SF - 36QOL made by America medi-cine graduate school to research and survey the two patients. Results The whole mark of social support (46.33 ±3.78) and the whole health of QOL (78.86±11.31 ) and every dimensionality of observation group were all bet-ter than those of control group (P<0.01) . Conclusions The social support can infect directly the QOL of pa-tients with hepatocirrhosis, all the doctors and nurses should recognition the system of social support, in order to improve the QOL of the patients.     

护理干预对四肢骨折患者社会心理因素及近期疗效的影响

Objective To explore the influence of the social support on psycho-healthy and therapeutic effect of patients with extremities bone fracture; to provide theory guidance for formulating psycho-healthy education. Methods A total of 90 patients with extremity bone fracture were divided into control group and observation group equally. Carring out routine healthy eduction on control group, while mental intervention and routine healthy education on observation group, undertaking psychological assessment with social support rating scale(SSRS) and state anxiety scale(SAI) one week after hospital admission and one week prior to discharge.Results Comparing the score of social support and anxiety, there was difference between two groups prior to discharge( P ＜0. 05 ). The difference of short-term effect of fracture assess between two groups were statistically significant( P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusions The selectivity mental nursing could improve the social support, psychohealth level and bone fracture therapeutic effect of patients with extremities bone fracture.     

社会支持对肝硬化患者生活质量的影响研究

Objective To discuss the effect of social support to the quality of life of the patients with hepatocirrhosis. Methods 98 hepatocirrhosis patients in our hospital were divided into observation and control groups. Both the groups were accepted routine therapy and nursing while striving for social support for the patients of observation group, then having a whole evaluation to the status of patients, in the study early interference and health education were important. SSRE (Social Support Rating Scale) and SF - 36QOL made by America medi-cine graduate school to research and survey the two patients. Results The whole mark of social support (46.33 ±3.78) and the whole health of QOL (78.86±11.31 ) and every dimensionality of observation group were all bet-ter than those of control group (P<0.01) . Conclusions The social support can infect directly the QOL of pa-tients with hepatocirrhosis, all the doctors and nurses should recognition the system of social support, in order to improve the QOL of the patients.     

视频教育结合宣传册提高手足口病患儿家庭护理效果的研究

目的 探讨视频教育结合宣传册对提高手足口病患儿家庭护理的效果。 方法 在门、急诊抽取207例手足口病患儿,将其随机分成观察组(107人)及对照组(100人)。观察组患儿家长给予视频结合宣传册进行宣教,对照组单一采用宣传册宣教。比较两组家长家庭护理知识的掌握情况,并对两组患儿的家庭护理效果进行随访。 结果 宣教后,观察组家长对手足口病家庭护理知识的掌握情况好于对照组;观察组比对照组患儿症状较早得到缓解。 结论 视频教育结合宣传册可提高患儿家长对手足口病家庭护理知识的掌握水平,有效提高家庭护理水平,促进患儿康复。     

健康教育与健康宣教在社区儿童保健中的应用效果

目的：探索健康教育与健康宣教在社区儿童保健中的作用。方法在深圳市某居民区随机抽取10个住宅小区200名儿童及其家长,随机分为对照组（n=200）和健康教育宣教组（n=200）。健康宣教组定期将家长组织起来开展专题讲座,在小区内发放健康教育的宣传手册,长期张贴内容丰富的养育海报,尽可能对家长进行一对一的指导培训,并提供联系方式以保证家长方便及时咨询。对照组仅发放养育宣传册。采用调查问卷的方式统计2组家长在接受健康教育后对儿童保健知识的掌握程度与儿童定期体检情况。结果在健康教育之前,2组家长对儿童保健知识有一定的了解,且差异无统计学意义（x^2=0.038,P〉0.05）;健康宣教组家长接受定期健康教育之后,儿童保健知识知晓率显著高于对照组（x^2=95.75,P〈0.001）。将调查儿童按年龄分为4个组后,发现健康宣教组儿童定期体检率均显著高于对照组儿童（P〈0.05）。结论通过对家长实施多种形式的健康教育,能够不断提高家长对儿童保健知识的掌握程度,提高儿童定期体检率,有助于社区儿童健康成长。     

对老年支气管哮喘缓解期患者行家庭访视的效果观察

目的 探讨家庭访视对老年支气管哮喘缓解期患者疾病认知、遵医行为及复发率、复诊率的影响。方法将社区89例老年支气管哮喘缓解期患者分为观察组46例和对照组43例，对照组实施常规健康教育，观察组在此基础上每月2—3次进行家庭访视并予护理指导。结果随访1年后，观察组的疾病认知优于对照组，遵医行为明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义；观察组哮喘复发率低于对照组，复诊率高于对照组。结论对老年支气管哮喘缓解期患者进行家庭访视，有利于提高患者的疾病认知水平及遵医行为，能有效降低哮喘复发率，提高复诊率。     

健康教育在控制糖尿病预防并发症发生中的积极作用

目的 探讨健康教育在控制及预防糖尿病,防止并发症发生中的积极作用.方法 将2009年6月至2010年6月入院治疗的96例糖尿病患者随机分为观察组与对照组各48例,对照组给予常规的治疗与发放糖尿病健康教育宣传手册,观察组在常规治疗的基础上,对患者实施健康教育,并对其进行认知、营养、行为等干预.对2组教育前、教育6个月后的疾病及并发症发生的总体控制情况及教育效果进行对比分析.结果 观察组患者的空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖值、糖化血红蛋白、体重指数以及并发症的发生率与对照组比较显著改善.结论 加强健康教育,可以提高患者的自护能力,有效地改善糖尿病的总体控制水平,更是减少糖尿病急、慢性并发症以及致残、致死率的重要途径.     

The public health nurse as a guide in infant child-care and education

The prime aim of the study was to develop the child-care and education guidance provided by public health nurses at health centres for parents of children aged 1 or 2. The research was partly carried out according to the principles of action research. The researcher's purpose was to influence the public health nurses' child-care and education guidance by designing measures and forms for the documentation and evaluation of the development, environment, and care practices of children aged 1 or 2. Methods were improved by the collaboration between the researcher and the nurses in the course of the research. In addition, the investigator designed a child-care and guidance programme for parents of such children. The premise of the public health nurse's action was the WHO's process model for nursing. The study focused on public health nurses and on children aged 1-2 and their parents. The overall action model of the public health nurses (needs assessment, goal-setting, implementation of action and evaluation) improved in the course of the experiment. The methods facilitated the implementation of action and provided it with clear objectives. The reliability and validity of the methods were reasonably high. The parents of the experimental group felt significantly more often then than those of the control group that they had obtained information about the development, care, and education of the child aged 1-2 from the public health nurses. The guidance had also helped the parents solve child rearing problems. The level of development in the children of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group at 24 months, in certain areas.     

个性化健康教育对人工流产术后避孕方式的影响

[目的]探讨人工流产手术后实施个性化健康教育对避孕方式的影响。[方法]将500例育龄妇女随机分为干预组和对照组,对照组实施常规护理,干预组实施个性化健康教育与避孕指导等。[结果]实施干预后,干预组的避孕率（80.4%）高于对照组避孕率（46.0%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。[结论]对育龄妇女实施个性化健康教育指导,可使其主动、有效地采取安全的避孕方式,提高避孕成功率,减少重复流产的发生。     

个性化健康教育对人工流产术后避孕方式的影响

[目的]探讨人工流产手术后实施个性化健康教育对避孕方式的影响.[方法]将500例育龄妇女随机分为干预组和对照组,对照组实施常规护理,干预组实施个性化健康教育与避孕指导等.[结果]实施干预后,干预组的避孕率(80.4%)高于对照组避孕率(46.0%),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).[结论]对育龄妇女实施个性化健康教育指导,可使其主动、有效地采取安全的避孕方式,提高避孕成功率,减少重复流产的发生.     

社区健康督导对糖尿病前期人群转归的影响

[目的]观察社区健康督导对糖尿病前期人群转归的影响。[方法]将糖尿病前期120人随机分为对照组和干预组,干预组进行社区健康督导教育,活动方式为群体教育与个别谈话相结合,社区医护人员宣教与家属参与督导相结合,健康督导教育与糖尿病前期人群之间的互相交流相结合;定期组织糖尿病防治的科普知识讲座、印发健康教育宣传手册等。对照组不进行任何干预。2年后,观察这些人群的转归。[结果]两组在转归为糖尿病、正常糖代谢方面比较,干预组优于对照组(P<0.01)。[结论]社区健康督导可降低糖尿病的发生率。     

营养素联合生活保健指导对营养不良患儿的干预效果

目的分析营养素联合生活保健指导对营养不良患儿的干预效果。方法选取2017年1月至2019年12月郑州市管城回族区妇幼保健所儿科接收的健康保健0~6岁营养不良儿童988例,按数字随机表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各494例。对照组给予生活保健指导干预,观察组给予营养素联合生活保健指导干预。比较两组的干预效果。结果观察组干预总有效率为93.93%,高于对照组的81.38%(P<0.05)。干预后,两组身高、体重均明显升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,两组血红蛋白、血清白蛋白、转铁蛋白水平均明显升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,两组维生素A、锌、钙、铁含量均升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论营养素联合生活保健指导可提高营养不良患儿的营养水平,促使其正常发育,值得推广应用。     

首发精神分裂症患者出院后家属健康教育计划实施效果

目的:提高患者家属对精神分裂症相关知识的科学认识,改善家属和患者对出院医嘱的依从性。方法:将63例临床治愈的精神分裂症首发患者随机分为观察组32例和对照组31例,两组患者家属均接受出院指导。观察组患者出院时建立家属健康教育登记表并做出院指导,以后分3次结合患者院外康复情况,对家属实施相应教育。结果:观察组患者家属两次复诊时健康知识测查成绩优于对照组,非遵医行为人数低于对照组。结论:帮助出院后的家属科学认识精神分裂症,提高其指导和帮助患者院外康复治疗的能力,有利于精神分裂症患者的康复。