股骨转子间骨折内固定术使用氨甲环酸的有效性和安全性

目的评估老年不稳定性股骨转子间骨折内固定术使用氨甲环酸(TXA)的有效性和安全性。方法选择120例应用股骨近端髓内钉(PFNA)治疗的老年不稳定性股骨转子间骨折患者,采用计算机随机分配法将患者分为TXA组(术前静脉应用TXA 1 g,术后24 h静脉应用TXA 3 g,60例)和对照组(术前术后不用TXA,60例)。比较两组患者以下指标:总失血量,输血量,输血率,术后第3天血红蛋白(Hb),术后24 h D-二聚体水平,术后30、90 d病死率,术后12周内深静脉血栓(DVT)发生率。结果患者均获得90 d随访。总失血量:TXA组为(1 468.5±986.4)ml,对照组为(1 998.7±1 078.9)ml,TXA组较对照组少(530.2±126.8)ml,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后输血量及输血率TXA组均低于对照组(P0.05);术后第3天Hb水平TXA组高于对照组(P0.05);术后D-二聚体水平、术后30 d和90 d病死率、术后12周内DVT发生率两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 PFNA治疗老年不稳定性股骨转子间骨折中应用TXA能够降低围手术期总失血量、输血量,而不增加术后并发症。     

氨甲环酸减少股骨粗隆间骨折PFNA围术期失血

[目的]评价围手术期多次静脉使用氨甲环酸(tranexamic acid,TXA)减少股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)治疗股骨粗隆间骨折术后隐性失血量的有效性和安全性。[方法]回顾性分析2014年1月1日~2016年12月31日因股骨粗隆间骨折在本科行PFNA内固定的患者120例,根据是否围手术期使用氨甲环酸及用量不同分为3组。空白对照组40例,术前术后均未予TXA;单次给药组40例,术前静脉滴注TXA20 mg/kg;多次给药组40例,术前静脉滴注TXA 20 mg/kg,术后3、6 h再次静脉滴注TXA 10 mg/kg。检测患者的术前、术后1、3、7 d的血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞比容(Hct)、血小板(PLT)、活化部分凝血酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)等,并通过Gross方程计算术后隐性失血量。术后1d、7d行双下肢彩超检查是否有深静脉血栓形成。[结果]单次给药组的隐性失血量(585.37±239.23)ml较对照组(718.86±380.82)ml显著减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多次用药组的隐性失血量(351.31±172.29)ml,较单次用药组显著减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组均无肺栓塞及下肢深静脉血栓形成。[结论]术前使用TXA可以减少PFNA治疗股骨粗隆间骨折围手术期隐性失血,且不增加血栓风险,术后多次重复应用TXA可有效安全地进一步减少围手术期隐性失血。     

腰椎退变性侧弯术中局部与静脉应用氨甲环酸

[目的]观察切口局部联合静脉多次应用氨甲环酸对腰椎退变性侧弯手术失血量及安全性的影响。[方法] 2015年4月～2019年4月,97例腰椎退变性侧弯患者纳入本研究,随机分三组。空白组32例,不应用TXA;静脉组33例,术前30 min静脉滴注TXA 15 mg/kg;联合组32例,术前30 min静脉滴注TXA 15 mg/kg+术后切口内灌注TXA 1.0 g溶液10 ml+术后6 h重复静脉滴注TXA 15 mg/kg。比较三组围手术期临床与辅助检查资料。[结果]三组手术时间及固定融合的腰椎节段数差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。联合组和静脉组术中出血量、自体血回输量及异体红细胞输入量均显著少于空白组(P0.05)。联合组术后引流量和术后隐性失血量显著少于静脉组和空白组(P0.05)。三组患者术后Hb均显著低于术前(P0.05)。术后24 h和72 h,联合组Hb显著高于静脉组和空白组(P0.05)。术后三组患者的D-二聚体均高于术前(P0.05)。超声检查显著三组间肌间血栓发生的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]切口局部联合静脉多次应用氨甲环酸可以明显减少DLS患者围手术期总失血量,而不增加深静脉血栓风险。     

关节腔灌注氨甲环酸后不同夹闭引流管时间对单侧膝关节置换术后失血的影响

目的探讨单侧膝关节置换术关节腔灌注氨甲环酸(TXA)后夹闭伤口引流管的最佳时间。方法选取2014年1月至2015年11月于揭阳市人民医院骨外一科因原发性骨关节炎行单侧膝关节置换术的患者共90例,排除感染或凝血、肝肾功能障碍的患者,经随机数字法分为3组,术后关节腔灌注TXA 3.0 g配合术后不同夹闭伤口引流管时间,3组夹闭时间分别为1 h(夹闭1 h组)、2 h(夹闭2 h组)、4 h(夹闭4 h组)。对比3组患者术后失血量、膝关节肿胀周径、术后美国特种外科医院膝关节(HSS)评分,以及术后并发症发生率和输血率。年龄、体重指数、失血量等为计量资料,分类变量资料使用卡方检验,计量资料多组比较使用方差齐性检验和单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较使用SNK检验。结果 3组患者术后24 h、3 d总失血量之间的差异具有统计学意义(F=8.447,P0.05;F=3.798,P0.05);术后24 h夹闭2 h组失血量(874±184)ml、夹闭4 h组失血量(852±169)ml均少于夹闭1 h组(1023±267)ml,组间差异有统计学意义(t=2.517,P0.05;t=2.964,P0.05);而夹闭2 h组与夹闭4 h组之间差异无统计学意义。术后3 d夹闭2 h组失血量(1084±246)ml、夹闭4 h组失血量(1027±273)ml均少于夹闭1 h组(1242±307)ml,组间差异有统计学意义(t=2.200,P0.05;t=2.866,P0.05);而夹闭2 h组与夹闭4 h组之间差异无统计学意义。术后24 h伤口引流量夹闭2 h组、夹闭4 h组失血量均少于夹闭1 h组(t=3.461,P0.05;t=3.995,P0.05),夹闭2 h组与夹闭4 h组之间差异无统计学意义。3组间24 h与3 d的隐性失血量差异无统计学意义;术后患者膝关节HSS评分和肿胀周径值差异均无统计学意义。各组患者术后膝关节周围瘀斑发生率、下肢血栓形成人数和输血人数比例差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论局部灌注应用TXA 3.0 g配合夹闭伤口引流管2 h的方案可有效减少膝关节置换术术后总失血量,不影响膝关节肿胀,具有良好的临床应用价值。     

全膝关节置换术中静脉与局部应用氨甲环酸止血效果比较

目的比较在初次行单侧全膝关节置换(TKA)术中静脉与局部应用氨甲环酸(TXA)的止血效果。方法将380例初次行单侧TKA患者按照应用TXA方式及不应用TXA分成3组:1静脉滴注组:术中静脉滴注TXA 30 mg/kg,120例;2局部注射组:将1.5 g TXA溶入50 ml生理盐水中,术中关节腔内多点注射,136例;3不应用组:术中不应用TXA,124例。术前及术后第1、2、3天连续测量术侧肢体周径,对术中失血量、术后引流量、输血情况、深静脉血栓形成(DVT)等情况进行观察。结果患者均获得随访,时间12~18个月。3组手术时间、术中失血量、术后引流量、异体血输注量、DVT及术侧肢体周径比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);输血率、术后隐性失血量、失血总量:静脉滴注组、局部注射组均明显低于不应用组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),静脉滴注组与局部注射组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在初次行单侧TKA中,静脉及局部应用TXA均有良好的止血效果,能明显减少患者的出血量,且不增加DVT的风险。两种用法之间无明显差异。     

大剂量氨甲环酸用于脊柱矫形手术的安全性和有效性

目的:评价大剂量氨甲环酸(TXA)应用于脊柱矫形手术尤其是经后路全脊椎切除术(PVCR)的安全性及有效性。方法:2009年2月~2010年10月收治脊柱畸形患者共66例,术前凝血功能检查异常及长期服用影响凝血功能药物的患者共7例被排除,最终59例患者纳入本研究。其中严重僵硬性脊柱畸形患者均接受一期PVCR,其余患者均接受一期单纯后路矫形融合术,所有手术均由同一位医师主刀完成。患者被分为TXA组和对照组。TXA组中8例接受PVCR,18例接受非PVCR矫形手术;对照组中9例接受PVCR,24例接受非PVCR矫形手术。TXA组患者在切皮前20min静脉输入100mg/kg剂量的TXA,随后给予维持量10mg·kg~(-1)·h~(-1)的TXA直到切口关闭;对照组给予等量的生理盐水替代。统计患者的术中失血量、真实失血量、输血量等数据,并监测患者围手术期的凝血功能、血红蛋白、红细胞比容等,同时监测药物相关并发症,包括潜在的肝、肾功能损伤,上/下肢静脉血栓,肺栓塞,心肌梗死及癫痫等。结果:TXA组中接受PVCR的患者术中失血量(4219±1386ml)、真实失血量[(134.2±36.4)%]及输血量(2986±1458ml)均少于对照组接受PVCR手术的患者[分别为9906±5251ml,(332.9±191.8)%,6255±3401ml,均P0.05]。TXA组中接受非PVCR矫形手术患者的术中失血量、真实失血量及输血量也均小于对照组非PVCR矫形手术患者(P0.05)。TXA组中PVCR术中失血量较对照组PVCR减少57.4%,而非PVCR手术术中失血量减少39.8%,大剂量TXA减少术中失血的作用在PVCR术中更为明显。TXA组及对照组围手术期肝、肾功能指标无明显差异(P0.05)。TXA组中未出现上/下肢静脉血栓、肺栓塞、心肌梗死、癫痫及急性肾功能衰竭。结论:大剂量TXA可有效减少脊柱矫形手术的术中失血与输血,尤其在PVCR手术中大剂量TXA的效果更为突出;大剂量TXA在脊柱矫形手术中的使用是安全的。     

氨甲环酸减少人工全膝关节置换术后失血量的自身对照研究

目的探讨人工全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)中静脉应用氨甲环酸(tranexamic acid,TXA)减少围手术期失血量的安全性和临床疗效。方法采用前瞻性自身对照方法,选取2012年1月-2013年12月拟分期行双侧TKA患者60例,随机选择一侧手术时使用TXA(TXA组),另一侧手术时不用TXA(对照组)。TXA剂量为10 mg/kg,于松开止血带前10 min内静脉滴注完毕。两组术前血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hgb)、血小板计数、凝血酶原时间、活化部分凝血活酶时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。比较TXA组与对照组引流量、总失血量、隐性失血量、术后不同时间点Hgb、输血量、输血比例及静脉血栓栓塞(venous thrombus embolism,VTE)发生情况。结果 TXA组引流量、总失血量均低于对照组,术后6 h及1、3、7 d Hgb高于对照组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组隐性失血量比较,差异无统计学意义(t=1.157,P=0.252)。TXA组4例(6.7%)、对照组13例(21.7%)患者术后行输血治疗,差异有统计学意义(P=0.034);其中4例为两次手术均需输血。TXA组的总输血量为14 U,较对照组的38 U显著降低(P=0.004)。TXA组及对照组各3例(5.0%)发生术侧下肢深静脉血栓(deep vein thrombosis,DVT),均无症状性肺动脉栓塞发生,VTE发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P=1.000);其中2例两次手术均发生DVT。患者均获随访,随访时间8~17个月,平均13.7个月;随访期间均无新发VTE。结论 TKA术中松止血带前10 min内静脉滴注TXA(10 mg/kg)能有效减少围手术期失血量,降低输血量及输血患者比例,且不增加VTE发生风险。     

Topping-off与PLIF手术治疗腰椎退行性变的疗效观察

[目的]比较Topping-off和PLIF两种不同手术方法在腰椎退行性变治疗中的临床疗效。[方法]选取2010年10月~2013年12月腰椎退行性疾病手术治疗患者60例,对其中30例采用Topping-off技术和传统技术各30例,分别对两组病例切口长度、手术时间、失血量、术前及术后1年的ODI功能指数、JOA评分等进行对比分析,评价两组患者腰部症状的改善情况。[结果]所有患者均获随访,随访时间12~42个月,平均20个月。Topping-off组与PLIF组手术切口长度分别为(5.5±1.6)cm和(6.3±2.1)cm,手术出血量分别为(122.5±30.6)ml和(150.5±20.2)ml。手术时间分别为(85.0±20.4)min和(92±23.8)min。组间差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者术前与术后ODI功能评分和JOA评分差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),两组间术后1年ODI功能评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05),两组间术后1年JOA评分差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]术后两组患者症状较术前均得到有效缓解,Topping-off手术技术应用于腰椎退行性变是一种安全、有效的方法,与PLIF手术比较,具有切口小、出血少的优点。     

氨甲环酸在髋关节撞击综合征关节镜手术中的应用

目的:探讨氨甲环酸在髋关节撞击综合征关节镜手术中的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2016年6月至2018年12月经髋关节镜治疗的34例髋关节撞击综合征患者(34髋),根据术前是否应用氨甲环酸(tranexamic acid,TXA),分为TXA组和对照组,每组17例。其中TXA组男10例,女7例;年龄20~49(32.1±7.6)岁;手术切口前10 min予15 mg/kg氨甲环酸静滴。对照组男11例,女6例;年龄20~49(30.9±6.2)岁;手术切口前10 min予生理盐水100 ml静滴。比较两组患者术中失血量及手术总失血量;分别于术后3、7 d采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)评价髋部疼痛缓解情况;于术后第3、6、9及12周采用髋关节改良Harris评分(modified Harris Hip Score,mHHS)进行疗效评价。结果:两组患者随访均超过12周。两组术后切口均愈合良好,无感染及深静脉血栓等并发症发生。两组手术时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);TXA组手术总失血量、术中失血量分别为(0.47±0.20)L、(0.18±0.08)L,对照组分别为(0.66±0.22)L、(0.24±0.01)L,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术前及术后7 d VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后3 d TXA组VAS评分2.35±1.12与对照组3.12±0.70比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术后3、7 d VAS评分与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3、6周TXA组mHHS评分分别为87.72±1.95、91.92±2.32,对照组分别为84.08±1.21、89.77±3.30;两组术后3和6周比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而两组术后9、12周mHHS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:术前应用氨甲环酸可有效减少髋关节撞击综合征关节镜手术失血量,从而改善手术视野,降低手术操作难度,同时能够促进术后髋关节功能的早期快速康复。     

后路腰椎体间融合术中自体血回输联合术后输注氨甲环酸的应用分析

目的探讨后路腰椎体间融合(posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF)术中自体血回输联合术后输注氨甲环酸的应用。方法选取2016年1月至2018年12月江阴市人民医院收治因腰椎疾患需要手术患者80例,男36例,女44例;年龄30～79岁;平均(51.2±18.7)岁。腰椎间盘突出合并腰椎不稳44例,腰椎管狭窄28例,腰椎滑脱8例。所有患者均术中自体血回输,其中40例术后静脉输注氨甲环酸患者纳入A组,40例术后静脉输注平衡液患者纳入B组。对比分析两组患者的总失血量、术中失血量、术中回收自体血量、术后失血量、凝血功能等指标、下肢静脉血栓发生率。结果 A组患者总失血量(976±268)mL、术后失血量(217±59)mL均明显低于B组的总失血量(1264±282)mL、术后失血量(492±69)mL,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组术中失血量、术中回收自体血量比较差异,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组手术前后凝血酶原时间、国际标准化比值、活化部分凝血活酶时间、D-二聚体比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);A组纤维蛋白原比B组低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后A组发生下肢肌间静脉血栓2例,B组1例,两组发生率都较低,组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 PLIF术中自体血回输联合术后输注氨甲环酸可有效减少术后出血,不增加下肢静脉血栓发生等风险,具有可行性、有效性、安全性。     

Anatomical landmarks for image registration in frameless stereotactic neuronavigation

Objective. Frameless stereotactic navigation devices require preoperative application of skin markers (SM) and planning radiography, which limits their even wider use. Therefore, we prospectively studied the applicability and accuracy of anatomic "natural" markers (NM) for image registration. Methods. The accuracy of NM was evaluated in 26 patients operated on in the supine (n=24) or sitting (n=2) position, either by comparison to our standard navigation protocol using SM and planning radiography or by the deviation of anatomic landmarks using a routine diagnostic radiograph. In 21 cases, NM were compared to SM with planning radiography (computed tomography, or CT, in nine cases and magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI, in 12). The root mean square error (RMSE) of the registered volume was calculated by the Philips EasyGuide Neuro frameless stereotactic navigation system and compared between the two registration modalities. Results. The mean RMSE was 3.2 mm±1.0 mm standard deviation using NM vs 2.9±1.0 mm using self-adhesive SM (P=0.13, Student's t-test). Computed tomography was slightly more accurate than MRI planning (mean RMSE 3.2 mm vs 3.3 mm). In three cases, diagnostic radiography (MRI) was used with a mean RMSE of 5.3 mm but acceptable intraoperative landmark correlation. Conclusion. Our pilot study demonstrates insignificant loss of registration accuracy using NM compared to SM. Additionally, the radiologic planning investigation and accuracy loss due to SM movement may be avoided. Electronic Publication     

Comparison of prostate specific antigen,prostate specific membrane antigen,and LNCaP-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in prostatic cancer patients and patients with benign prostatic enlargement

Serum assays for prostate specific antigen (PSA; monoclonal), for prostate specific membrane antigen (PSM; Western blot), and a LNCaP/7E11.C5-based competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were evaluated in a small number of prostate cancer patients with localized or disseminated disease, and judged to be in clinical progression or remission based on National Prostate Cancer Project (NPCP) criteria. PSA values recognized the presence of clinical progression in localized disease (B₁-C) and to a lesser degree disseminated disease (D₁-D₂). In contrast, to a limited degree the ELISA test recognized clinical progression mainly in disseminated disease and chiefly in stage D₂. PSM values were elevated in both D₁ and D₂ but not in a linear fashion as observed with PSA. The ELISA and PSM results may be assessing a different clinical response to prostatic cancer than that recognized by PSA. This could reflect a developing clone of resistant prostatic cells as previously postulated. To further pursue this possibility a secondary generation of monoclonal antibodies to PSM is being developed. The ELISA levels for benign prostatic enlargement were not elevated above normal. In contrast both with PSA and PSM the assays reflected levels significantly above the normal range in benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH).     

Endothelial and platelet markers in diabetes mellitus type 2

Diabetes mellitus(DM) is an extremely common disorder which carries a risk of vascular impairment.DM type 2(DM2) can be characterized by the dysfunction of haemostasis manifesting by stimulated coagulation process,disorder of platelet function and decreased fibrinolytic activity.These all are the reasons why DM2 is the most common acquired thrombophilia.Endothelial dysfunction along with platelet hyperactivity are unquestionably involved in the hyperactivation of platelets and clotting factors in DM.As a natural consequence of continuous investigation,many markers of endothelial dysfunction and diabetic thrombocytopathy have been identified and considered for implementation in clinical practice.Endothelial function can be assessed by the evaluation of endothelial markers,circulating molecules synthesised in various amounts by the endothelium.These markers precede the signs of evident microangiopathy.Platelets have an ethiopathogenic relation to the microangiopathy in DM.Their increased activity was confirmed in both types of DM.Predictors of endothelial and platelet disorder could improve the screening of individuals at increased risk,thus leading to the early diagnosis,appropriate treatment,as well as to the effective prevention of the complications of DM2.In the article we deal with the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of endothelial and platelet functional abnormalities,endothelial and platelet markers of DM2 considered for implementation in clinical practice and possibilities of their detection.     

Effects of infusion of parathyroid hormone and primary hyperparathyroidism on formation and breakdown of type I collagen

The influence of chronic and acute exposure to parathyroid hormone (PTH) on formation and breakdown of type I collagen, using two recently developed radioimmunoassays for serum PICP (the carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen) and serum ICTP (the carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen), have been evaluated. Fasting morning values were obtained from 18 women with primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) and an equal number of age-matched, healthy controls. A 24-hour infusion of synthetic human parathyroid hormone (PTH 1-38) was performed in 14 healthy females. The patients with HPT had higher values for serum ICTP than the controls (6.0±3.0 and 4.1±2.1 g/liter; P<0.05), whereas the serum PICP concentrations were not different (170±72 and 151±65 g/liter; n.s.). During infusion of PTH in healthy subjects, there was an increase of the serum ICTP concentrations (from 3.6±1.3 to 4.4±1.8 g/liter; P<0.001) whereas those of serum PICP decreased (from 185±78 to 118±42 g/liter; P0.0001). The increase of serum ICTP during infusion of PTH was positively related to the increase of serum calcium and other indices of bone resorption, i.e., fasting urinary excretions of hydroxyproline and calcium. The decrease of serum PICP was also related to the changes of serum ICTP and hydroxyproline in urine, serum calcium, and alkaline phosphatase but not to osteocalcin, an established marker of osteoblastic activity. The findings support the fact that serum ICTP is a valuable method for evaluating bone resorption and is also easy to perform. Furthermore, the discordant results for the different markers of osteoblastic activity indicat that they reflect different functions of the cell.     

Role of proliferative markers in breast lesions

Background  

Carcinoma of breast is a leading cause of death in women throughout the world. Difficulty in diagnosis occurs in routine Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained sections to differentiate premalignant lesions like epitheliosis and malignant lesions like carcinoma in situ which may affect prognosis.     

血液透析患者血清肿瘤标志物的检测及临床意义

目的：观察血液透析（血透）患者血清肿瘤标志物CEA、CA19-9、NSE、CA242、Ferritin、β-HCG、AFP、HGH、CA153、CA125、PSA、fPSA的临床意义。方法：选择143例维持性血透患者作为血透组、143例未行血透的尿毒症患者（CKD5期）作为非透析组,并选择429例健康人作为对照组。将血透组按血透维持时间分为两个亚组比较：A组,维持性透析时间超过3月;B组,维持性透析时间少于3月。结果：血透组和非透析组比较,Ferritin水平差异有统计学意义,其他各肿瘤标志物水平差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;血透组、非透析组与对照组比较肿瘤标志物Ferritin、CA19-9、CA125的水平差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;其他肿瘤标志物的差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。透析组的两个亚组肿瘤标志物水平差异无统计学意义。结论：尿毒症和血透患者肿瘤标志物Ferritin、CA19-9、CA125有不同程度的升高,血透不能清除肿瘤标志物。     

肿瘤标志物联合检测在胰腺癌诊断和疗效评价中的作用

目的：探讨CA199、CA242、CA125、CEA和OPN联合检测对胰腺癌诊断和疗效评价的临床价值。方法检测41胰腺癌患者术前及术后1个月和40例健康体检者外周血清中肿瘤标志物CA199、CA242、CA125、CEA和OPN的水平,比较胰腺癌组术前和术后的变化。并计算肿瘤标志物诊断胰腺癌的敏感性、特异性及准确性。结果胰腺癌组各肿瘤标志物测定值及阳性率明显高于正常对照组,术前测定值明显高于术后,差异有统计学意义,P均〈0．05。标志物联合检测的敏感性和诊断准确性均比单项检测高,其中单项以CA199敏感性最高。结论CA199、CA242、CA125、CEA和OPN联合检测对胰腺癌的诊断、疗效观察及复发预测是较理想的指标,具有重要的临床意义。