华北大黄中非Di类成分的研究

目的　对华北大黄中非类成分进行研究。方法　色谱和光谱分析法分离和鉴定化学成分。结果　从 95 %乙醇提取物中分得 13个非类化合物 ,分别鉴定为 :大黄酚、大黄素甲醚、β-谷甾醇、大黄素、胡萝卜苷、大黄酸、大黄素甲醚 -8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、rheumin、没食子酸、d-儿茶素、蔗糖、1,6-二没食子酰 -O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖、1-O-β-D-没食子酰吡喃葡萄糖。结论　首次证明华北大黄含有少量大黄酸 ;除大黄酚、大黄素甲醚、大黄素外 ,其他成分均为首次从该植物中分得     

A New Indole Derivative Isolated from the Root of Tuber Fleeceflower(Polygonum multiflorum)

从何首乌（PolygonummultiflorumThunb.）的根中分离出11个化合物，根据光谱学分析分别鉴定为：大黄酚（chrysophanol，Ⅰ）、大黄素甲醚（physcione，Ⅱ）、大黄素（emodin，Ⅲ）、ω-羟基大黄素（citreorosein，Ⅳ）、大黄酚8－O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（chrysophanol8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside，Ⅴ）、大黄素甲醚8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（Physcione8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside，Ⅵ）、大黄素8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（emodin8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside，Ⅶ）、决明酮8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（torachrysone8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,Ⅷ）、2，3，5，4′-四羟基芪2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（2，3，5，4′－tetrahydroxystilbene2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside，Ⅸ）、没食子酸甲基酯（methylgallate，Ⅹ）和吲哚-3－（L-α-氨基-α-羟基内酸）甲酯[Indole－3－（L－α－amino－α－hydroxypropionicacid）methylester]。其中，化合物Ⅺ为新的天然产物。上述蒽醌和萘类化合物以及芦荟大黄素（aloe－emodin，Ⅻ）、大黄酸（rhein，）、芦荟大黄素8－O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（aloe－emodin8－O-β-D－glucopyranoside，）、大黄酚8－O-β-D－（6′－O-丙酰基）吡喃葡萄糖苷（chrysophanol8-O-β-D-（6′－O－malonyl）glucopyra－     

毛脉酸模的化学成分研究(Ⅳ)

目的研究毛脉酸模的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、聚酰胺柱色谱及制备高效液相色谱等分离手段,通过理化性质及波谱分析鉴定结构。结果从毛脉酸模乙醇提取物的60%乙醇洗脱部位中分离出10个单体化合物,分别为酸模素(Ⅰ)、大黄素(Ⅱ)、6-羟基芦荟大黄素(Ⅲ)、6′-乙酰基-大黄酚-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅳ)、大黄酚-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ)、白藜芦醇(Ⅵ)、9,9′-双蒽酮2,2′-二甲基-5,5′-二(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖)-9,9′,10,10′-四氢4,4′-二羟基10,10′-二羰基(Ⅶ)、大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅷ)、白藜芦醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅸ)、芦丁(Ⅹ)。结论化合物Ⅶ经文献检索为新化合物,命名为酸模苷A(rumoside A)。化合物Ⅲ、Ⅳ为首次从酸模属植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅴ、Ⅷ、Ⅹ为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

植物悬浮细胞培养体系对大黄素的生物转化

目的利用植物悬浮细胞培养体系对大黄素进行生物转化生成大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷。方法利用4种植物悬浮细胞培养体系转化外源大黄素生成大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷,应用薄层色谱法进行检识。结果一叶萩、长春花和何首乌悬浮细胞培养体系均可使大黄素生物转化为大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷。结论首次利用植物悬浮细胞培养体系生物转化生成大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷。     

巴天酸模中化学成分的研究

目的 研究巴天酸模中的化学成分。方法 通过硅胶柱层析，从巴天酸模Rumex patientix L.中分离到16个化合物，经波谱分析，化学方法及与己知化合物对照，鉴定其结构。结果 分别鉴定为豆甾醇（I），α-细辛醚（Ⅱ），大黄素甲醚（Ⅲ），大黄素-1，6-二甲醚（IV），大黄素（V），大黄酚（VI），xanthorin-5-nethylether(Ⅶ），牛蒡子苷（Ⅷ），3-羟基牛蒡子苷（IX），3-甲氧基牛蒡子-4“-o-β-D-木糖苷（X），大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（XI），山奈酚（Ⅻ），槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（XⅢ），异鼠李素（XⅣ），山奈素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（XV），5-羟基-4‘-甲氧基黄酮-7-O-β-芸香糖苷（XVI）。结论 化合物X为新化合物。     

大黄愈伤组织化学成分的研究

从大黄的愈伤组织中分到7种成分，经化学和光谱方法鉴定它们的结构为：大黄酚（Ⅰ）、大黄素甲醚（Ⅱ）、β-谷甾醇（Ⅲ）、芦荟大黄素（Ⅳ）、大黄素（Ⅴ）、d-儿茶素（Ⅵ）和3′，4′，5′-三羟甲基苯甲酰葡萄糖（Ⅶ）。     

娑罗子提取物酶解产物的化学成分研究

目的 制备新的七叶皂苷衍生物。方法 采用β-葡萄糖苷酶对娑罗子提取物进行生物转化,采用大孔吸附树脂、反相硅胶柱色谱等分离方法对酶解产物进行分离纯化,根据MS、NMR数据,对得到的单体化合物进行了结构鉴定。结果 4个化合物分别鉴定为21β-O-巴豆酰基-22α-O-乙酰基原七叶皂苷元-3β-O-[β-D-葡萄糖基(1→2)]-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷（1）、21β-O-当归酰基-22α-O-乙酰基原七叶皂苷元-3β-O-[β-D-葡萄糖基(1→2)]-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷（2）、21β-O-巴豆酰基-28-O-乙酰基原七叶皂苷元-3β-O-[β-D-葡萄糖基(1→2)]-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷（3）、21β-O-当归酰基-28-O-乙酰基原七叶皂苷元-3β-O-[β-D-葡萄糖基(1→2)]-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷（4）。分别命名为七叶皂苷Ie、七叶皂苷If、异七叶皂苷Ie和异七叶皂苷If。结论 4个化合物均为新化合物。     

合欢皂苷及苷元的分离鉴定

目的:研究合欢皮的化学成分.方法:用色谱法分离合欢皂苷及皂苷元,用化学和波谱法鉴定结构.结果:分离并鉴定了一个三萜皂苷(1)和四个三萜皂苷元(2～5),化合物1的结构为3-0-[β-D-吡喃木糖(1→2)-β-D-吡喃呋糖(1→6)-β-D-葡萄糖]-21-0[(6S)-2-反式-2羟甲基-6-甲基-6-O-β-D-吡喃鸡纳糖-2,7-辛二烯酸]-金合欢酸-28-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)-[o-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖(1→4)]-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯,化合物2,3,4,5的结构分别为金合欢苷元B,合欢三萜内酯甲,剑叶沙酸内酯,金合欢酸甲酯.结论:化合物1为首次从合欢皮中分离得到,即合欢皂苷Prosapogenin-10.     

朱砂七抗菌有效成分的研究

从蓼科(Polygonaceae)植物毛脉蓼[Polygonum cillinerve(Nakai)Ohwi]的干燥块根中,分离出两种结晶成分。鉴定为大黄素-8-0-β-D-葡萄糖甙(1,6,8-三羟基-3-甲基蒽醌-8-0-β-D-葡萄糖甙)及大黄素(1,6,8-三羟基-3-甲基蒽醌),为抗菌有效成分。     

长春花悬浮细胞培养体系生物转化生成大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷的研究

目的探讨长春花悬浮细胞培养体系生物转化生成大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷的基本条件。方法长春花细胞在6,7-V液体培养基中悬浮培养一段时间后,将大黄素投入培养基中进行生物转化,测定大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷含量和大黄素的转化率。结果大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷的含量占细胞干重的0.31%,大黄素转化率为46.58%。结论以长春花悬浮细胞为生物转化体系,可获得长春花属植物所不具有的大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.