甲状腺结节不同风险人群代谢特征分析

 

目的 探讨甲状腺结节不同风险级别与代谢指标间的关系。方法 选择584例空军特色医学中心体检并行甲状腺超声检查、身高体重检测、血糖、血脂、血尿酸及甲状腺功能检测者进入研究,检测数据导入甲状腺风险评估平台,按评估情况分为三组:无结节组、低风险组、中高风险组。比较不同风险级别各组以上指标的差异。结果 无结节组与低风险组相比甲状腺素(TT₄)有统计学差异(H=4.936,P＜0.05),年龄、血尿酸、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT₃)、游离甲状腺素(FT₄)、促甲状腺素(TSH)有显著统计学差异(H=10.29,18.415,44.446,17.655,20.171,P＜0.01);无结节组与中高风险组FT₃有统计学差异(H=4.534,P＜0.05);低风险组与中高风险组各项指标间均无统计学差异。结论 不同风险级别甲状腺结节体检者血尿酸、甲状腺功能检测有差异,有助于对结节人群进行分级管理,及早干预。

     

高危人群早期肺癌LDCT基线筛查研究

【摘要】目的：探讨肺癌高危人群低剂量CT（LDCT）的筛查效果。方法：5240例上海地区无症状健康人群行胸部LDCT筛查,参照美国国家肺癌筛查试验（NLST）肺癌筛查高危人群入组标准共纳入肺癌高危人群1346例。根据国际早期肺癌行动计划（I-ELCAP）检出结节方案将纳入人群分为阳性、半阳性和阴性三组。根据世界卫生组织年龄分段标准将人群分为中年组和老年组。分析高危人群的高危因素和各组间结节以及肺癌的检出情况。结果：1346例高危入组人群中男894例（66.42%）,女452例（33.58%）,中位年龄58岁（40～74岁）。吸烟相关高危因素共912例（67.76%）。二手烟暴露率为13.15%,其中女性达96.05%。374例有肿瘤家族史,60例有恶性肿瘤病史。中年组吸烟者占所有吸烟人数的65.46%,老年组占34.54%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。基线筛查共835例（62.04%）受检者检出≥1枚非钙化结节,其中阳性组196例（14.56%）,半阳性组639例（47.47%）,阴性组511例（37.97%）。阳性组中女性及中年组比例高于半阳性组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;吸烟人群阳性组与半阳性组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。检出2019枚结节中阳性结节269枚（13.32%）,半阳性结节1750枚（86.68%）。最终10例受检者共12枚结节获得病理结果,其中9例病理证实为I期腺癌(包含2例多中心腺癌),1例术后病理证实为机化性肺炎。9例腺癌中,6例为阳性组,3例为半阳性组,阳性组恶性检出率明显高于半阳性组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;女4例,男5例,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：吸烟仍是肺癌高危人群主要的高危因素,肺癌筛查应关注女性高危人群和中年人群。     

醋酸甲地孕酮联合他莫昔芬治疗子宫内膜癌的疗效及其对血清TSGF、PRL、HE4的影响

 

目的 探讨醋酸甲地孕酮联合他莫昔芬治疗子宫内膜癌的疗效及其对血清TSGF、PRL、HE4的影响。方法 选择大连大学附属中山医院2016-03至2018-12收治的105例子宫内膜癌患者,随机分成2组。对照组50例,给予口服醋酸甲地孕酮片治疗;观察组55例,给予口服醋酸甲地孕酮片联合枸橼酸他莫昔芬片,治疗12周后,观察两组近期治疗效果及不良反应发生的情况,并采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA法)分别检测两组患者治疗前后血清中TSGF、PRL、HE4表达水平。结果 治疗12周后,对照组有效率为42.00%,临床获益率为68.00%;观察组有效率为65.45%,临床获益率为85.45%;两组治疗的有效率及临床获益率的差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组患者血清TSGF、PRL、HE4表达水平均较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),两组间比较发现,观察组患者血清TSGF、PRL、HE4表达水平明显低于对照组,两组差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组不良反应发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 醋酸甲地孕酮与他莫昔芬联合治疗有助于提高子宫内膜癌临床治疗效果,降低患者血清TSGF、PRL、HE4表达水平,其发挥临床疗效可能与血清TSGF、PRL、HE4的表达有关。

     

他克莫司和环孢素A对大鼠升血糖作用的比较

 目的 比较他克莫司和环孢素A对大鼠糖代谢的影响并探讨其机制。方法 同批SD大鼠随机分为3组,每组10只,均经胃管灌注给药,共5个月。对照组：给予蒸馏水1 ml/(kg·d),环孢素A组：给予环孢素A 25 mg/(kg·d),他克莫司组：给予他克莫司2 mg/(kg·d)。测定给药后第5个月的空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素水平,并计算胰岛素抵抗指数和胰岛素敏感指数。结果 与对照组相比,给药5个月后环孢素A组和他克莫司组空腹血糖均显著升高（P＜0.05）,胰岛素抵抗指数均显著增加（P＜0.05）,胰岛素敏感指数均显著降低（P＜0.05）。与环孢素A组相比,他克莫司组空腹血糖水平更高（P＜0.05）、胰岛素抵抗指数更高（P＜0.05）,胰岛素敏感指数更低（P＜0.05）。结论 治疗剂量的他克莫司和环孢素A均可以导致大鼠血糖水平的升高,他克莫司升高血糖作用强于环孢素A,在增强胰岛素抵抗和减少胰岛素释放方面他克莫司的作用强于环孢素A。     

18F-FDG PET/CT代谢参数联合肿瘤标志物对肺腺癌EGFR基因突变的预测价值

 

目的 探讨¹⁸F-FDG正电子发射断层显像计算机断层扫描(positron emission tomography/computed tomography, PET/CT)代谢参数联合肿瘤标志物对肺腺癌EGFR基因突变的预测价值。方法 选取2010-01至2018-08于武警特色医学中心PET/CT检查诊断为原发性肺癌并经组织病理学证实为肺腺癌的患者,提取患者的基本临床资料、PET/CT影像学特征、PET/CT代谢参数、肿瘤标志物水平及EGFR基因突变数据,根据EGFR是否突变将所有患者分为突变型组与野生型组。通过单因素logistic回归分析,将对EGFR基因突变有预测价值的相关参数纳入预测模型,绘制ROC受试者工作曲线,计算其Cutoff值,对比各个模型的AUC值,建立可预测EGFR基因突变的模型,并分析该模型的预测效能。结果 共纳入肺腺癌105例,EGFR突变型32例(30.5%),EGFR野生型73例(69.5%),多因素分析显示两组之间的基本临床资料(性别χ²=5.74,P=0.017)、吸烟(χ²=4.60,P=0.032)、CT影像特征[密度χ²=5.77,P=0.016)、毛刺征χ²=2.06,P=0.015)、肺内转移(χ²=2.91,P=0.088)]、PET/CT代谢参数[SUVmean(t=2.82,P=0.015)]、肿瘤标志物[CEA(t=-2.48,P=0.016)]具有统计学意义(P<0.05),是影响EGFR基因突变的独立影响因素,并以该独立影响因素建立了4种EGFR基因突变预测模型,相应的预测准确度分别为78.1%、81.0%、78.1%和81.9%,4种预测模型均具有预测的统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 与EGFR基因突变有关的单因素影响因子包括吸烟、性别、SUVmean、密度、毛刺征、肺内转移、CEA,而根据这些影响因子建立的预测模型4将有助于临床分析肺癌患者是否发生EGFR基因的突变,从而指导临床进行靶向药物的个体化治疗。

     

针刺肾俞穴联合局部围刺治疗黄褐斑的疗效

 

目的 观察针刺肾俞穴联合局部围刺治疗黄褐斑的疗效。方法 选取2013-11至2015-06收治的女性黄褐斑患者共120例,随机分为联合组、针刺组与围刺组,每组40例。3组分别给予针刺肾俞穴联合局部围刺治疗、单纯针刺肾俞穴治疗与单纯局部围刺治疗各2个疗程。收集并记录3组患者治疗前后激素水平变化及治疗效果,并进行对比与分析。结果 治疗后,联合组患者4项指标均较治疗前有所改善,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且联合组FSH高于针刺组和围刺组,LH、E₂和P水平则较低,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。联合组总有效率为92.5%,高于针刺组的75.0%与围刺组的72.5%,且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 针刺肾俞穴联合局部围刺治疗黄褐斑能够显著改善患者体内激素水平,且临床效果较两种方法单纯治疗更为显著。

     

CSM颈椎后路单开门扩大成形术后轴性痛预后分析

 目的 探讨多节段脊髓型颈椎病(cervical stenotic myelopathy,CSM)患者行颈椎管后路单开门扩大成形术后,影响术后颈肩轴性痛(postoperative axial pain,PAP)病程长短的相关危险因素。方法 回顾性分析2007-02至2010-02,武警后勤学院附属医院和天津市天津医院因颈椎管狭窄行后路单开门扩大成形减压,联合连续节段开门侧Centerpiece微型板钉固定患者344例,其中出现32例PAP患者,平均随访3年以上,根据PAP持续时间,将患者分为2~5个月较快和6~16个月内较慢恢复组,比较PAP两组术后6个月门轴侧骨槽融合率,日本矫形骨科学会(Japanese orthopaedic association score, JOA)增长率、末次随访较首发PAP疼痛(visual analogue score,VAS)和颈椎功能障碍指数(neck disability index,NDI)矫正值,术后即刻较术前颈椎屈伸度、曲度和椎管矢径矫正值,多元逻辑回归分析患者术前颈椎曲度、椎管矢径、颈椎屈伸度和术后门轴侧骨槽融合率对PAP持续时间的影响。结果 32例PAP患者均经非手术治疗,其中21例PAP术后2.8~4.8个月缓解,11例PAP术后6.9~15.5个月恢复,PAP较快改善组骨槽融合率高于较慢恢复者,差异有统计学意义(Z=2.18,P=0.04),门轴侧骨槽融合率系预测PAP病程长短的危险因素(OR=4.9619,P=0.0465)。结论 门轴侧骨槽愈合率显著提高并获尽早确切融合,有助于缩短颈椎管后路单开门扩大成形术后PAP恢复进程。     

CT 辅助下软通道引流术治疗脑室出血的有效性及安全性

 

目的 探讨CT 辅助下软通道引流术治疗脑室出血(IVH)的有效性及安全性。方法 回顾性分析2017-02至2021-09邢台市第三医院神经外科收治的92例IVH患者的临床资料,根据手术方式不同分为对照组(常规开颅血肿清除术治疗)和观察组(CT 辅助下软通道引流术治疗),每组46例,比较两组的临床治疗效果、手术时间、血肿清除时间、住院时间、术后7 d出血量、血肿清除率及术后不良反应,术后随访6个月,应用日常生活活动评定量表(ADL)、改良Rankin评分量表(mRS),评估患者神经功能恢复程度和近期恢复情况。结果 观察组临床疗效好于对照组(89.13% vs. 71.39%),术后不良反应发生率低于对照组(15.21% vs. 34.78%),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。观察组手术时间、血肿清除时间、住院时间均短于对照组,术中出血量及血肿清除率均少于或低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),但两组术后7 d出血量和血肿清除率基本相同,差异无统计学意义。术后6个月观察组mRS评分、ADL评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 CT 辅助下软通道引流术治疗IVH效果好,且创伤小、安全性高,可明显改善患者近期预后。

     

健康体检人群行心电图与冠状动脉CTA筛查冠心病的对比分析

 

目的 探讨健康体检人群行心电图与冠状动脉CTA筛查冠心病的对比分析。方法 选取2021-05在解放军总医院第三医学中心健康医学科参加体检的3293人为研究对象,剔除未接受冠脉CTA检查的97人,未行心电图检查的10人,入选3186人,对体检结果异常心电图及冠状动脉狭窄的判断进行分析。结果 3186人中通过冠状动脉狭窄判断结果,共检出冠心病237例;异常心电图表现:ST-T改变750例,心电轴左偏137例,左室高电压83例,完全性右束支传导阻滞42例,不完全性右束支传导阻滞41例。冠心病患者中ST-T改变33.3%,高于非冠心病组的22.8%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=13.642,P＜0.05)。结论 心电图操作简单方便,在大规模人群健康体检中对冠心病有提示作用,可配合动态心电图、心脏彩超等其他检查,进行冠心病筛查。

     

乳腺癌筛查模式的探讨

目的 探索适合中国妇女生物学特性的乳腺癌筛查模式.方法 对2000例乳腺触诊阳性与可疑者分别采用以乳腺X线摄影为主、超声检查为辅(模式一)和以超声检查为主、乳腺X线检查为辅(模式二)的两种筛查模式筛查,分析两种筛查方法的乳腺癌检出率、召回率、特异度、敏感度及阳性预测值,并与手术病理诊断结果对照和进行统计学处理.结果 模式一:真阳性6例,真阴性1920例;假阳性74例,假阴性0.乳腺癌检出率为3％,召回率8.5％,阳性预测值12％,特异度96.3％,敏感度100％.模式二:真阳性3例,真阴性1940例;假阳性54例,假阴性3例.乳腺癌检出率为1.5％,召回率9.3％,阳性预测值5.3％,特异度97.3％,敏感度50％.两者比较,模式一敏感度、阳性预测值、肿瘤大小、召回率均优于模式二,敏感度及阳性预测值比较采用卡方检验,P＜ 0.05为差异有统计学意义.结论 以乳腺X线检查为主,超声辅助的筛查模式是乳腺癌筛查的最佳模式.     

Detection of colorectal cancer and adenomas by FDG-PET cancer screening program: results based on a nationwide Japanese survey

Purpose

The aim of this study was to analyze the detection rate for CRC and adenomas for asymptomatic subjects in Japan by FDG-PET cancer screening program carried out between 2006 and 2009.

Methods

The “FDG-PET cancer screening program” included both PET and positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) with or without other screening tests. A total of 154,783 asymptomatic subjects underwent FDG-PET cancer screening program; we analyzed the 1,808 cases with findings from any detection method that indicated suspected CRC.

Results

Among the 1,808 cases, the number of cases verified as CRC and adenoma was 394 and 679, respectively. The sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of FDG-PET were 86.0 and 31.7 % for CRC, and 63.6 and 63.8 % for CRC and adenoma. The sensitivity and PPV of fecal occult blood test (FOBT) for CRC were lower than those of FDG-PET, but higher for adenoma. Therefore, FDG-PET and FOBT were complementary for screening for CRC, and CRC and adenoma. The majority of CRC detected by the FDG-PET imaging was UICC stage 0 or I, however, detection of smaller or less invasive cancer was limited.

Conclusion

The FDG-PET screening program in Japan has detected CRC at an early stage and adenomas as premalignant lesions. A combination of FDG-PET and FOBT yields the best results if the intent is to detect either CRC or adenoma. However, it is absolutely clear that an FDG-PET cancer screening program cannot detect all colon lesions.     

CT colonography before colonoscopy in subjects with positive faecal occult blood test. Preliminary experience

Purpose

We report a preliminary evaluation of the performance of computed tomography colonography (CTC) systematically obtained before optical colonoscopy (OC) in subjects with positive faecal occult blood test (FOBT) within a population-based screening programme for colorectal cancer (CRC).

Materials and methods

Seventy-nine subjects with positive FOBT from a regional screening programme were invited to perform same day CTC and OC. CTC was performed with standard bowel preparation. OC with segmental unblinding was the reference standard. A perpatient per-adenoma analysis was performed.

Results

Forty-nine of 79 subjects (62%) with positive FOBT adhered to the study and completed both examinations. Twenty-two (44.9%) of the 49 had a cancer or an adenoma ≥6 mm. Per-patient sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value for cancer or adenoma ≥6 mm were 95.5% (95%CI:77.2%–99.9%), 51.9% (95%CI:32.0%–71.3%), 93.3% (95%CI:68.1%–99.8%) and 61.8% (95%CI:43.6%–77.8%).

Conclusions

In the setting of a FOBT-based screening programme for CRC, CTC showed a high sensitivity, but relatively low specificity and positive predictive value, for cancer and adenoma ≥6 mm. Probably performing CTC without faecal tagging as second line test after a positive FOBT is not a cost-effective strategy.     

低剂量CT仿真结肠镜结合FOBT检查对结直肠癌的诊断价值

目的探讨低剂量CT仿真结肠镜结合增强扫描(CTVC)及大便潜血检测(fecal occult blood test,FOBT)诊断结直肠癌临床价值。方法选取我院160例结肠占位性病变患者作为观察对象,均行CTVC及FOBT,分析低剂量CTVC、FOBT的临床效果。结果病理学结果显示,160例结直肠占位性病变中,93例为结直肠癌、67例为良性病变。结肠镜阳性检出78例、阴性检出54例,常规CT检出91例、阴性检出58例,低剂量CTVC阳性检出91例、阴性检出58例,结肠镜、常规CT、CTVC与病理学结果的Kappa值分别为0.682、0.857、0.857;此外,低剂量CTVC组同常规剂量组比较,其放射剂量长度乘积(DLP)、有效放射剂量(ED)均显著下降。FOBT阳性检出84例、阴性检出66例,与病理学结果的Kappa值为0.874。低剂量、FOBT的曲线下面积(ACU)、特异度分别为0.922、0.944、0.978、0.683,2者联合的ACU、特异度为0.987、0.989。结论FOBI辅助低剂量CTVC能够提高对结肠癌的诊断效果,且降低患者的辐射剂量,值得临床推广应用。     

Diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma. An update

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent tumors in western countries.More than 50% of all CRC are diagnosed at an advanced stage which precludes curative treatment. For this reason, early detection of CRC is mandatory to improve longterm outcome. Fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) once per year and subsequent colonoscopy (if the FOBT is positive) provides up to 30% decrease in mortality from CRC.Due to the fact that current data indicate a 60% reduction in CRC-associated mortality, colonoscopy has recently been approved for CRC screening by german public health insurance companies. Yet efforts in screening largely depend on patient compliance, particularly in view of cost-effectiveness. Introduction of new imaging techniques (CT-/MRI-colonography) may increase general acceptance, but clinical benefit and costs still remain to be determined in larger studies.     

Screening auf kolorektale Neoplasien

CLINICAL ISSUE: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Screening has been demonstrated to reduce both the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer. In addition to the large group with a normal risk level, two further risk groups need to be distinguished: increased family risk and hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes. STANDARD METHODS FOR SCREENING: The highest evidence for all screening tests has been demonstrated for guaiac-based fecal occult blood testing. Colonoscopy is a diagnostic and therapeutic tool and it serves as the reference standard for other tests in clinical studies. INNOVATIONS: Fecal immunochemical tests have a higher sensitivity than guaiac-based tests. Several novel techniques are under development and could be adopted by screening programs in the future. Next to colonoscopy, computed tomography (CT) colonography and colon capsule endoscopy have the highest sensitivity for colorectal neoplasia. Molecular tests which are based on the detection of genetic and epigenetic changes of DNA released by the tumor into feces or blood have a high potential and could potentially replace occult blood tests in the future. PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS: Colonoscopy is the primary instrument for screening for colorectal neoplasia. Fecal occult blood testing should only be performed if colonoscopy is denied and CT colonography has not yet been approved for screening in Germany.     

Screening for colorectal neoplasia with CT colonography: initial experience from the 1st year of coverage by third-party payers

PURPOSE: To evaluate our experience in the 1st year of computed tomographic (CT) colonography screening since the initiation of local third-party payer coverage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This HIPAA-compliant study was approved by the institutional review board, and informed consent was waived. Over a 1-year period that ended on April 27, 2005, 1110 consecutive adults (585 women, 525 men; mean age, 58.1 years) underwent primary CT colonography screening. More than 99% were covered by managed care agreements. CT colonographic interpretation was performed with primary three-dimensional polyp detection, and the final results were issued within 2 hours. Patients with large (> or =10-mm) polyps were referred for same-day optical colonoscopy, and patients with medium-sized (6-9-mm) lesions had the option of immediate optical colonoscopy or short-term CT colonography surveillance. RESULTS: Large colorectal polyps were identified at CT colonography in 43 (3.9%) of 1110 patients. Medium-sized lesions were identified in 77 (6.9%) patients, 31 (40%) of whom chose optical colonoscopy and 46 (60%) of whom chose CT colonography surveillance. Concordant lesions were identified in 65 of 71 patients who underwent subsequent optical colonoscopy (positive predictive value, 91.5%). Sixty-one (86%) of 71 optical colonoscopic procedures were performed on the same day as CT colonography, thereby avoiding the need for repeat bowel preparation. The actual endoscopic referral rate for positive findings at CT colonography was 6.4% (71 of 1110 patients). The demand for CT colonography screening from primary care physicians and their patients increased throughout the study period. CONCLUSION: As a primary colorectal screening tool, CT colonography covered by third-party payers has an acceptably low endoscopic referral rate and a high concordance of positive findings at optical colonoscopy.     

老年人结肠息肉的临床特点分析

目的 探讨老年结肠息肉的临床特点及其与癌变的关系.方法 对我院经结肠镜检出的498例结肠息肉患者的临床特点进行回顾性分析,比较老年组(60岁以上)与中青年组(60岁以下)结肠息肉的特点.结果 腺瘤性息肉的检出率老年组(69.7%)显著高于中青年组(37.6%)(P＜0.01);虽然结肠息肉以左半结肠为多,但在老年组腺瘤性息肉在结肠各部位的检出率并无显著性差异;绒毛状腺瘤不典型增生发生率和严重程度显著高于管状腺瘤.结论 老年人大肠息肉中的腺瘤性息肉患病率高,癌变机会大,老年人应尽量行全结肠检查,发现腺瘤性息肉,特别是绒毛状腺瘤不管大小应完整切除,减少癌变的机会.     

两种结肠镜检查方法临床对照研究

目的比较分析水交换结肠镜与注气结肠镜在患者结肠镜检查中的差异。方法选取首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院内镜中心2014年2月至2015年4月非麻醉结肠镜检查的患者427例,采取单盲随机法将患者分为A组(水交换结肠镜法,226例)和B组(注气结肠镜法,201例)。比较两组患者肠镜到达回盲瓣率(达盲率)、到达回盲瓣时间(达盲时间)、腺瘤检出率及疼痛程度等方面的差异。结果 A组及B组患者的最终达盲率分别为96.9%和95.0%,进镜时间分别为14.88 min和14.44 min,腺瘤检出率分别为34.5%和30.8%,腹痛程度评分分别为3.15分和4.44分,两组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而完成结肠镜检查的总时间分别为21.99 min和21.44 min,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论虽然水交换结肠镜比注空气组结肠镜到达回盲部的时间相对更长,但水交换肠镜达盲率更高,并且可以有效减轻患者在检查中的腹痛程度,提高腺瘤检出率。     

Colon cancer screening with virtual colonoscopy: promise, polyps, politics

Virtual colonoscopy (CT colonography) promises to become a primary method for colorectal cancer screening and return radiologists to a major role in colon cancer prevention. Results from major centers in the United States show accuracy to be comparable to conventional colonoscopy for detection of polyps of significant size--that is, greater than 10 mm--with few false-positives. The advent of virtual colonoscopy has also heightened awareness of the natural history of colonic polyps, particularly in terms of identifying an appropriate target size for detection in colorectal screening programs. Small polyps (<10 mm) are often either hyperplastic on histology or are unlikely to progress to frank cancer in the patient's lifetime and are therefore of little clinical significance for the average adult. Thus, the rationale for detecting and removing each and every colonic polyp regardless of size has come under increasing scrutiny in the context of cost-benefit analysis of various test strategies for colorectal cancer screening. Virtual colonoscopy may allow patients to obtain reliable information about the status of their colonic mucosa noninvasively and thus make a more informed decision as to whether to proceed to conventional colonoscopy for polypectomy.     

Colorectal neoplasia screening with CT colonography in average-risk asymptomatic subjects: community-based study

PURPOSE: To evaluate computed tomographic (CT) colonography as a screening tool for average-risk asymptomatic subjects with regard to participation, acceptability, and safety. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT colonography for colorectal neoplasia screening was offered to 2,000 subjects aged 50-54 and 65-69 years. Only asymptomatic subjects at average risk of colorectal neoplasia were enrolled. Participants underwent CT colonography followed by colonoscopy if CT colonography findings showed any polyps. Acceptability was measured with a 100-point (0, most favorable; 100, least favorable) visual analogue scale (VAS). Chi2 statistic was used to compare participation rates among subgroups. Safety of CT colonography was evaluated by recording all important adverse events. RESULTS: A total of 1,452 subjects were eligible for screening. The adjusted participation rate was 28.4%. Participation was higher in younger subjects and in those from a high socioeconomic region. Major reasons for nonparticipation were insufficient time and perceived good health. Median VAS scores for pain, general satisfaction, embarrassment, and willingness to repeat screening were 13, 6, 8, and 5, respectively. Most subjects found CT colonography better than (60%) or same as (32%) expected. Ninety-three (27.4%) of 340 subjects were referred for colonoscopy, with polyps found in 67 (positive predictive value, 0.73). By adopting criteria that a positive finding at CT colonography is that of a single polyp larger than 5 mm or multiple polyps larger than 2 mm, 14% of CT examinations would have led to colonoscopy; 5.7% of CT findings were false-positive, with no significant impairment in large polyp detection. There were no important adverse events related to CT colonography, although four subjects had syncope or presyncope related to bowel preparation. CONCLUSION: Community-based colorectal neoplasia screening with CT colonography was accompanied by a participation rate that compares favorably with that of similar screening programs. CT colonography was highly acceptable to participants.