共轭聚合物复合材料的结构和性能

对聚苯胺、聚吡啶等共轭聚合物与非导电聚合物材料的复合体系的结构和性能进行了综述。不同方法制备的复合材料在结构和性能上各有特点。一般共轭聚合物与非导电高分子材料相容性差、尤其是低极性高分了。     

绝缘聚合物对聚苯胺复合物导电性能的影响

将十二烷基苯磺酸掺杂的聚苯胺(PAn DBSA)与乙烯丙烯酸共聚物(EAA)或聚烯烃弹性体(POE)进行溶液共混制得了PAn DBSA/EAA或PAn DBSA/POE导电复合物。研究了绝缘聚合物的化学结构对聚苯胺导电复合物形态结构及电性能影响。结果表明,极性聚合物EAA中的羧基能与PAn形成氢键并发生掺杂作用,复合物中卷曲的PAn主链能充分展开,导致PAn/EAA复合物具有非常低的逾渗域值(1.5%),PAn含量为20.0%时,电导率高达7.1S/cm。POE为非极性共聚物,与极性较强的PAn相容性较差,导致PAn/POE复合物具有较高逾渗域值(5.0%),PAn含量为20.0%时,电导率仅为3.0×10-5S/cm。     

聚苯胺与聚苯甲酰胺的共混研究

在制得可溶性聚苯胺基础上，研究了聚苯胺与聚苯甲酰胺在二甲基乙酰胺（含３．５％ＬｉＣｌ）中的共混溶液行为并绘出其三元相图。研制了不同配比的聚苯胺／聚苯甲酰胺共混膜。测试结果表明，在聚苯胺中混入２０％ＰＢＡ后其拉伸强度可增加２～３倍且其导电率可达７．５Ｓ／ｃｍ。考察了混合比对共混薄膜的导电率和力学性能的影响．ＳＥＭ及Ｘ－衍射结果表明聚苯胺／聚对苯甲酰胺共混物存在着明显的微观相分离．     

导电聚苯胺呋喃的结构表征

碘掺杂聚苯胺呋喃是一类非共轭导电聚合物。用紫外吸收光谱、傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱、电子顺磁共振波谱、光电子能谱等对该聚合物的结构性质及导电机制进行了研究。     

《功能高分子学报》2004第17卷总目次

研究论文 主链禽兰苯胺单元的聚苯乙炔的合成及其电致发光性能……………………………………………………来国桥,拜敏制,捌燕刚 (1) 聚苯胺/纳米二氧化锰复合材料I:原位氧化合成制备………………………………………………………生瑜,陈建定.朱德钦(5) 聚苯胺/纳米二氧化锰复合材料Ⅱ:形貌表征…………………………………………………………………生瑜。陈建定,朱德钦(11) 聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇导电复合材料合成的研究………………………………………………………………任斌,黄河,刘少琼,等(16) 绝缘聚合物对聚苯胺复合物导电性能的影响……………     

聚苯胺类复合材料在生物医学领域的研究进展

<正>导电聚合物又称导电高分子,是指通过掺杂等手段将电导率控制在半导体和导体之间的聚合物。在众多导电聚合物中,聚苯胺(polyaniline,PANi)具有许多优异性能如导电性、氧化还原性、催化性能、电致变色行为、质子交换性质及光电性质等,而且原料易得、合成简便,易于工业化,因     

导电聚合物/磁性纳米复合材料的制备及其结构与性能

导电聚合物/磁性纳米复合材料的研究是开发同时具有电、磁性能的功能材料的最佳选择之一,是制备电磁屏蔽材料,电磁波吸收剂等功能材料的重要途径。导电聚合物与磁性纳米粒子复合,既可实现电、磁性能的复合,又可通过调节各组元的组成和结构实现对材料电、磁性能的调节。对目前导电聚合物/磁性纳米复合材料的制备原理、方法,复合材料的结构及控制,材料的性能与应用进行了评述。     

聚丁基噻吩的合成及性能

用化学聚合方法合成了聚丁基噻吩导电材料,并研究了不同的聚合条件对聚合物性能的影响。聚丁基噻吩导电材料具有较好的稳定性和加工性,其掺杂态的导电率可达到10s/cm。     

二磺酸掺杂高热稳定性导电聚苯胺的合成及性能

以有机二磺酸作为掺杂剂合成了具有高热稳定性的二磺酸掺杂导电聚苯胺。研究了反应时间、温度、酸/苯胺摩尔比等因素对产率、产物的导电率与分子量的影响。利用微波加热的方法测试有机二磺酸掺杂聚苯胺的热稳定性能，结果表明：有机二磺酸掺杂的导电聚苯胺在微波场中升温速率快，并且具有良好的反复升温性能。     

聚苯胺自支撑导电膜的电化学合成及性能

采用电化学方法，以高氯酸为掺杂剂，合成了具有较好导电性能和机械性能的聚苯胺自支撑膜。探讨了电化学聚合反应条件对其性能的影响，并借助ＳＥＭ、ＩＲ、ＥＳＲ等手段表征了所得聚合物。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.