赤芍总苷对大鼠血瘀证模型的影响

目的 研究赤芍总苷对大鼠血瘀证及大鼠动静脉旁路血栓质量及抑制率的影响.方法 采用冰水刺激和注射肾上腺素的方法,造成大鼠血瘀证模型,颈总动脉取血测定各项血液指标;采用造成大鼠动静脉旁路血栓的方法,测定血栓的湿、干质量.结果 赤芍总苷可显著降低血小板聚集和红细胞聚集,增强红细胞变形能力,延长PT、APTT时间,降低全血黏度(低切),减少血栓的生成.结论 赤芍总苷具有活血化瘀作用.     

心安灵对急性血瘀模型大鼠血液流变学的影响

目的观察心安灵对急性血瘀模型大鼠血液流变学、血小板聚集及凝血时间的影响。方法用冰水刺激制备"血瘀"模型,检测主要流变学指标;以ADP为诱导剂,观察其对体外血小板聚集率的影响。结果①心安灵能降低血瘀大鼠血小板最大聚集率;②心安灵可以延长血瘀大鼠的凝血时间;③心安灵能降低血瘀大鼠的血液黏度;④心安灵能抑制血瘀大鼠红细胞的聚集能力,并增强红细胞的变形能力。结论心安灵具有抑制血小板聚集、延长血瘀大鼠的凝血时间和改善血液流变学异常的作用。      

丹参金对急性血瘀模型大鼠血液流变学的影响

目的观察丹参金对急性血瘀模型大鼠血小板聚集、凝血时间及血液流变学的影响。方法用冰水刺激制备“血瘀”模型。检测主要流变学指标;以ADP为诱导剂,观察其对体外血小板聚集率的作用。结果①丹参金能显著降低血瘀大鼠血小板最大聚集率;②丹参金可以延长血瘀大鼠的凝血时间;③丹参金能降低血瘀大鼠的全血黏度以及血浆黏度。结论丹参金能抑制血小板聚集、延长血瘀大鼠的凝血时间和改善血液流变学异常的作用。      

Influence of Danhong for injection on hemorrheology,thrombus and platelet function in rats

目的 作者简介:王宇翎,女,副教授,责任作者,E-mail:wangyuling1973@126.com观察注射用丹红对血液流变学及血栓、血小板功能的影响.方法 SD大鼠随机分为6组:对照组、血瘀模型组、注射用丹红(2.5、5.0、10.0 g/kg)组及丹参注射液组(5.0 g/kg).制备大鼠急性血瘀模型,观察注射用丹红对大鼠血液流变学和血小板黏附和聚集的影响;采用体外血栓形成试验观察注射用丹红抗血栓形成作用.结果 注射用丹红5.0 g/kg组可明显降低血瘀模型大鼠血沉、红细胞聚集指数、血沉方程K值;10.0 g/kg组可明显降低血瘀模型大鼠全血黏度(切变率5、1/s),血沉、全血低切还原黏度、红细胞聚集指数、血沉方程K值、全血低切相对黏度.注射用丹红5.0、10.0 g/kg组可抑制血瘀大鼠血小板聚集和黏附,并可使体外血栓长度缩短、干湿重降低.结论 注射用丹红的抗缺血作用可能与改善血液流变学、抑制血栓形成、改善血小板黏附和聚集有关.     

注射用丹红对大鼠血液流变学及血栓、血小板功能的影响

目的观察注射用丹红对血液流变学及血栓、血小板功能的影响。方法 SD大鼠随机分为6组:对照组、血瘀模型组、注射用丹红(2.5、5.0、10.0 g/kg)组及丹参注射液组(5.0 g/kg)。制备大鼠急性血瘀模型,观察注射用丹红对大鼠血液流变学和血小板黏附和聚集的影响;采用体外血栓形成试验观察注射用丹红抗血栓形成作用。结果注射用丹红5.0 g/kg组可明显降低血瘀模型大鼠血沉、红细胞聚集指数、血沉方程K值;10.0 g/kg组可明显降低血瘀模型大鼠全血黏度(切变率5、1/s),血沉、全血低切还原黏度、红细胞聚集指数、血沉方程K值、全血低切相对黏度。注射用丹红5.0、10.0 g/kg组可抑制血瘀大鼠血小板聚集和黏附,并可使体外血栓长度缩短、干湿重降低。结论注射用丹红的抗缺血作用可能与改善血液流变学、抑制血栓形成、改善血小板黏附和聚集有关。     

螺旋藻激酶对急性血瘀模型大鼠的影响

目的 探讨螺旋藻激酶(SPK)对急性血瘀模型大鼠的血液流变学、血小板聚集率和环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)的影响.方法 40只SD大鼠分为正常对照组、模型组、阿司匹林组和SPK高、低剂量组,灌胃给药7 d,采用肾上腺素冰水浴刺激复制急性血瘀大鼠模型,应用全自动血流变测定仪检测全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积(Hct)、红细胞聚集指数(EAI)、红细胞变形指数(DI)和红细胞刚性指数(ERI),酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定血浆cAMP的水平,采用二磷酸腺苷诱导大鼠血小板聚集,用比浊法测定最大聚集率.结果 SPK可以降低急性血瘀大鼠的全血黏度,血浆黏度、Hct、EAI和血小板最大聚集率,升高血浆cAMP水平,与模型组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对DI和ERI无明显影响.结论 SPK能明显改善急性血瘀大鼠血液流变学的异常变化且具有抗血小板聚集作用.     

沙棘提取物对急性血瘀模型大鼠血液流变学及血栓形成的影响

目的 研究沙棘提取物对急性血瘀模型大鼠血液流变学及实验性血栓形成的影响。方法 采用大剂量肾上腺素加冰浴法制备大鼠急性血瘀模型,观察血液流变学各指标的变化;采用电刺激颈动脉血栓形成模型,观察沙棘提取物对大鼠实验性血栓形成的影响。结果 与对照组比较,沙棘提取物 4、8 g/kg 组颈总动脉血栓形成的时间显著延长 (P＜0.05、001);与血瘀模型组相比较,沙棘提取物 4、8 g/kg 组体外血栓的长度减少,血栓的干、湿质量降低 (P＜0.05、0.01),血小板聚集率降低 (P＜0.05、0.01),红细胞压积降低 (P＜0.01),凝血时间延长 (P＜0.05、0.01),血液黏度降低 (P＜0.05、0.01)。结论 沙棘提取物具有抑制血瘀模型大鼠血栓形成及改善血瘀模型大鼠血流变学作用。     

复方银杏滴丸抗血栓及抑制血小板聚集作用实验研究

目的探讨复方银杏滴丸(CO-GBE)抗血栓形成及抑制血小板聚集的作用.方法①制造大鼠动静脉旁路血栓形成模型,测定血栓湿重及干重;②分别采用胶原、PAF、ADP诱导豚鼠血小板聚集,测定血小板在不同时间点的聚集率以及最大聚集率.结果.复方银杏滴丸 40、20、10 mg/kg均可以不同程度地抑制大鼠动静脉旁路血栓形成,减轻血栓干重及湿重(P<0.05,P<0.01);抑制不同诱导剂诱导的豚鼠血小板在不同时间点的聚集,降低其最大聚集率.结论.复方银杏滴丸可明显抗血栓形成,并具有高效广泛的血小板聚集抑制作用.     

蒲黄-五灵脂药对不同提取物活血化瘀效应的比较研究

目的 评价蒲黄-五灵脂药对水提物及醋煮后水提物对大鼠急性血瘀模型的血液流变性的影响及体外对家兔血小板聚集及凝血酶时间的影响.方法 采用大鼠急性血瘀模型评价蒲黄一五灵脂药时2种不同提取物对其血液流变性的影响;采用体外实验观察药对不同提取物对由二磷酸腺苷(ADP)诱导的血小板聚集作用以及凝血酶时间(TT)法抗凝血作用的影响.结果 蒲黄-五灵脂药对能够明显改善急性血瘀SD大鼠全血黏度、血沉、红细胞压积;且醋煮后水提物疗效更优;体外实验研究表明:蒲黄-五灵脂药对能显著抑制ADP诱导的家兔血小板聚集(P<0.01)和延长家兔血浆凝血时间(P<0.01),醋煮后水提物抑制血小板聚集作用明显优于水提物,两提取物对血浆凝血延长时间的作用相当.结论 蒲黄-五灵脂药对水提物和醋煮水提物对大鼠急性血瘀模型的血液流变性及体外对家兔血小板聚集及凝血酶时间的影响均有显著作用,醋煮后水提物效应优于直接水提物.研究结果为进一步揭示该药对活血化瘀作用机理提供科学依据.     

通络舒胶囊的工艺筛选及抗血栓栓塞的药理学效应实验研究

目的:观察通络舒胶囊的工艺制备及治疗血栓栓塞性疾病的药理学效应实验研究。方法:采用寒冷刺激加肾上腺素造成血瘀模型等方法,观察通络舒胶囊的药理作用。结果:模型组与正常组比较,有延长小鼠凝血及出血时间的趋势(P0.05或P0.01);模型组血液中TT、PT、APTT内源性和外源性凝血功能明显缩短,血小板聚集率显著增高;均能明显降低血瘀高凝大鼠模型Ⅱ因子活性,降低血小板聚集率,抑制内源性和外源性凝血系统,降低血液高凝状态;能延长小鼠存活率(P0.05或P0.01)。结论:通络舒胶囊制备工艺简便,质量易于控制,药理疗效明显,能明显延长小鼠凝血时间、显著降低血瘀大鼠的血小板聚集作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.