急性心肌梗塞患者中性粒细胞功能的研究

应用微量全血化学发光技术,检测了21例急性心肌梗塞(AMI)患者中性粒细胞吞噬功能,并对7例AMI 患者冠状动脉输注尿激酶(ICUK)治疗前、后进行了动态观察。结果:与正常人比较,AMI 后中性粒细胞吞噬功能显著增强(P<0.01);ICUK 治疗后中性粒细胞吞噬功能较治疗前明显增强(P<0.05)。结果提示:中性粒细胞在AMI 发病中有重要的病理意义;中性粒细胞参与了心肌缺血再灌注损伤。     

短波紫外线照射对小儿肺炎及中性粒细胞吞噬功能和IL—2的影响

用短波紫外线照射患儿腰背部皮肤辅助治疗小儿肺炎，提示紫外线治疗组与对照组相比，显著缩短患儿发热。咳嗽及肺部湿罗音消失时间（Ｐ〈０．０１）。用化学发光法测定中性粒细胞吞噬功能，治疗组患儿血液内中性粒细胞吞噬功能显著提高（Ｐ〈０．０５）。同时测定治疗组患儿血中ＩＬ－２低于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５），并对上述结果机理进行了探讨。     

血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者中性粒细胞的化学发光测定

应用化学发光法检测了70例血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者中性粒细胞的吞噬功能,并与正常对照组比较。结果表明:活动期患者中性粒细胞的化学发光明显升高,与正常人比较有显著性差异(P<0.01),提示患者体内的白细胞被高度的预激活,白细胞的吞噬能力或氧化代谢活性显著增强。     

短波紫外线照射对小儿肺炎及中性粒细胞吞噬功能和IL－2的影响

用短波紫外线照射患儿腰背部皮肤辅助治疗小儿肺炎，提示紫外线治疗组与对照组相比，显著缩短患儿发热。咳嗽及肺部湿罗音消失时间（Ｐ＜０．０１）。用化学发光法测定中性粒细胞吞噬功能，治疗组患儿血液内中性粗细胞吞噬功能显著提高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。同时测定治疗组患儿血中ＩＬ－２低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），并对上述结果机理进行了探讨。     

缺铁对大鼠中性粒细胞吞噬杀菌功能的损害及其机理的研究

本文研究了三组大鼠(对照组、缺铁组、补铁组)中性粒细胞吞噬杀菌功能。三组中性粒细胞化学发光峰值、5分钟积分面积值均有显著性差异,缺铁组分别为对照组的41％及32％,示中性粒细胞NADPH氧化酶活性降低,吞噬伴随的“呼吸爆发”功能受损。髓过氧化物酶活性三组间也有显著性差异,缺铁组为对照组的30％,示中性粒细胞杀菌功能障碍。补铁一周后,补铁组上述三项指标明显恢复,分别达正常组值的79％、76％及66％,与缺铁组相比有显著性差异,但尚未达正常水平。若按其每日平均恢复速率,推算出补铁后中性粒细胞吞噬伴随的“呼吸爆发”功能完全恢复约需11天,髓过氧化物酶活性完全恢复约需14天。     

正常人全血中性粒细胞氧化代谢的研究

以鲁米诺依赖的化学发光法检测２４１例正常人全血中性粒细胞氧化代谢功能，以探讨正常人中性粒细胞化学发光正常值。结果发现：正常人全血中性粒细胞化学发光本底、峰值、峰时、斜率、积分及吞噬指数分别为４８．９±２８．９ｍＶ，２５３．７±７９．９ｍＶ，１０１０．０±２２２．６ｓ．０．２５９±０．１３９ｍＶ·ｓ－１，４２９２３．０±２１５８８．０ｍＶ·ｓ，０．０５３±０．０３６ｍＶ·个－１，在不同年龄与不同性别组间全血中性粒细胞化学发光各值无差异（Ｐ均＞０．０５）。     

流式细胞仪测定成人与儿童中性粒细胞功能

目的 建立评价中性粒细胞吞噬和氧化功能的流式细胞仪方法。方法 取健康成人、儿童外周血,佛波 脂(PMA)刺激中性粒细胞活化后吞噬并氧化二氢若丹明123(DHR)为可发出绿色荧光的若丹明123,用流式细胞 仪检测阳性细胞以评价中性粒细胞吞噬和氧化功能。结果10μg／mL佛波脂(PMA)可有效刺激中性粒细胞吞噬 和氧化功能。20例健康成人无刺激时中性粒细胞活化率<10％[(4±3)％],10μg／mL PMA刺激后中性粒细胞活 化率均>90％[(96±3)％];19例健康儿童无刺激时中性粒细胞活化率<10％[(5±4)％],10μg／mL PMA刺激后 中性粒细胞活化率均>90％[(95±4)％];8例足月儿脐带血无刺激时中性粒细胞活化率为(7±4)％,10μg／mL PMA刺激后中性粒细胞活化率(89±6)％。采用刺激指数(SI),PMA刺激与对照荧光强度几何均数,也可用于评 价中性粒细胞刺激后活化情况,但变异较大。结论 流式细胞仪-DHR分析可用于临床评价成人与儿童中性粒 细胞吞噬和氧化功能。     

IL-2对人中性粒细胞吞噬功能的影响

目的观察IL-2对人中性粒细胞吞噬功能的影响。方法用新鲜健康成人外周血分别加入不同浓度IL-2(20,40,80,160 U/ml)孵育2 h后,与金黄色葡萄球菌混合,孵育5 min后,瑞特染色,观察并计算中性粒细胞吞噬百分率和吞噬指数。结果正常中性粒细胞吞噬百分率和吞噬指数为(38.71±2.37)%和0.35±0.032;加入IL-2 20,40,80,160 U/ml,中性粒细胞吞噬百分率和吞噬指数分别为(45.38±1.94)%和0.49±0.084,(51.12±2.06)%和0.61±0.054,(56.73±1.32)%和0.67±0.028,(59.46±1.72)%和0.71±0.039。结论IL-2能提高人中性粒细胞吞噬功能,具有增强人非特异性免疫功能的作用。     

rhG-CSF对血液肿瘤病人化疗后中性粒细胞功能的影响

目的研究血液肿瘤病人化疗后应用重组粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF)对中性粒细胞功能的影响. 方法采用过氧化氢释放法、琼脂糖测定法、免疫荧光技术和流式细胞仪测量术对正常组、单纯感染组、急性白血病组和淋巴瘤组患者各10例,检测中性粒细胞的吞噬、趋化及氧化代谢功能.结果血液肿瘤病人化疗后用rhG-CSF前中性粒细胞吞噬、趋化及氧化代谢功能明显低于正常对照组,用rhG-CSF后功能均增强,基本接近正常组甚至超出. 结论化疗药物可降低中性粒细胞功能,应用rhG-CSF能部分恢复受损的中性粒细胞功能.     

正常人红细胞对肺心病病人中性粒细胞吞噬功能的影响

我们对20例肺心病病人进行了中性粒细胞吞噬功能的测定,同时观察正常人红细胞对其吞噬功能的影响及与血气变化的关系。结果表明,病人中性粒细胞吞噬功能明显低下,正常人红细胞可提高其吞噬率,但达不到正常人水平。     

鱼腥草等中草药对外周血中性粒细胞和单核细胞化学发光影响的研究

用化学发光法（Ｃｈｅｍｉｌｕｍｉｎｅｓｃｅｎｃｅ，ＣＬ）研究鱼腥草、田基黄和板兰根对外周血中性粒细胞和单核细胞化学发光的影响。结果发现鱼腥草可增加中性粒细胞的化学发光值，而对单核细胞无显著影响；田基黄和根兰根虽增加中性粒细胞的化学发光值，但无鱼腥草作用显著。结果表明鱼腥草可能参与调整中性粒细胞氧化过程（呼吸爆发）并增强中性粒细胞的杀菌能力。     

Opsonic requirements for the respiratory burst of neutrophils against Giardia lamblia trophozoites

BACKGROUND: Giardia lamblia is an important cause of parasitic diarrheal disease worldwide. Occasionally, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) may participate as effector cells against Giardia lamblia. The present study was performed in order to examine the role of specific antibody and complement components in promoting the respiratory burst (RB) of PMNs against Giardia lamblia. METHODS: PMNs from human adult volunteers were incubated with Giardia trophozoites in the presence of non-immune (NS) or hyperimmune (HS) serum (anti-Giardia titer, >1:1024). Adherence was scored visually on coverslide after staining with Giemsa. The ability of Giardia to trigger the oxidative response of PMNs was measured by the anion superoxide (O2(-)) production using a cytochrome C reduction method and by the luminol amplified chemiluminescence (CL) assay. RESULTS: Incubation with NS or HS increased Giardia adherence to PMNs from 6.9 +/- 3.2% (basal adherence of Giardia incubated in buffer) to 39 +/- 18.6% (p <0.01) and 76 +/- 19.5% (p <0.001), respectively. In absence of serum, Giardia failed to trigger an oxidative response of PMNs. Opsonization with NS or HS increased the PMN O2(-) production from 3.9 +/- 0.92 nmol/2.5 x 10(6) PMNs/10 min to 9.04 +/- 1.68 (p <0.05) and 17.9 +/- 1.32 (p <0.001), respectively. A similar enhancement of the CL response was also observed. The inactivation of complement activity by heat as well as the elimination of specific antibodies by absorption produced a significant abrogation of the oxidative response but in the case of HS heat inactivation alone did not abolish the response. Similar findings (variable abrogation of the oxidative PMN response) were observed when PMNs were incubated with monoclonal antibodies directed against complement C3, C3b or the low-affinity Fc receptors (CR1, CR3 or FcRlo). CONCLUSIONS: These results show that complement components and specific antibodies influence in the Giardia-PMN interaction. Although components of complement can contribute to the RB of PMNs, specific antibodies are critical for an optimal oxidative PMN response.     

从细胞的氧化代谢反应观察烧伤对中性粒细胞杀菌功能的影响

烧伤后机体免疫防御系统受到损害,中性粒细胞也同样受到影响,但在抗感染中它占有重要地位,为此,深入了解其在伤后的功能状态很有必要。本实验通过H_2O_2释放和碘化反应两种测定细胞氧化代谢反应方法,观察中性粒细胞的杀菌功能。从呼吸道烧伤犬和烫伤大鼠二个烧伤实验模型中所得初步印象均说明,在伤后第一周内细胞的氧化代谢反应呈现明显的逐渐减弱现象,即杀菌能力受到抑制。另外,更从直接杀伤酵母菌的实验中也得到相同的印象。为了辨明杀菌能力受损的原因,是由于伤后血中出现的抑制因子,还是细胞本身受损,又进一步观察了血清因素的影响。结果伤犬血清对正常中性粒细胞有抑制作用,说明血清抑制因素是存在的。但正常血清不能明显改善伤犬细胞受抑的氧化代谢反应,说明血清因素不是唯一的原因,细胞本身也因烧伤的影响而受到损害。     

Dipyridamole enhances inhibitory effect of adenosine on neutrophils in human peripheral blood

Objective: It was known that neutrophils play an important role in ischemic-reperfusion injury. In this study we tested the effect and its mechanism of dipyridamole on neutrophils. Methods:Hydrogen peroxide(H2O2) production by neutrophils was determined using luminol amplified chemiluminescence and the percentage of activity was calculated by observing the uninhibited peak height. Results: Dipyridamole per se produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of H2O2 by formyl-MetleuPhe(fMLP)-stimulated neutrophils. Dipy-ridamole at a low concentration(0.3μmol·L-1) that per se affected neutrophils only slightly, enhanced markedly the effects of adenosine on neutrophils. On the other hand, dipyridamole did not alter the inhibitory effect of NECA(5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine) on neutrophils. However, propentofylline, a known inhibitor of adenosine uptake, also gotten the same result. Conclusion:Dipy-ridamole inhibited the production of H2O2 by fMLP-stimulated neutrophils. Dipyridamole at a low concentration enhanced the inhibi-tory effect of adenosine on neutrophils. The mechanism involved is probably due to the effect of dipyridamole on adenosine uptake.     

化学发光法中和抗体检测技术对广州地区人5型腺病毒的流行病学研究

目的 建立高通量、可定量中和抗体检测方法,并且调查广州健康成人及儿童人群中人5型腺病毒中和抗体存在情况.方法 采用以带有分泌型碱性磷酸酶报告基因的5型重组腺病毒使用化学发光法,调查116份成人血清和94份儿童血清中5型腺病毒中和抗体情况.结果 该方法是一种适合高通量调查的血清学调查方法,广州地区成人中人5型腺病毒中和抗体阳性比例占26.72%,儿童中阳性比例为17.02%.结论 5型腺病毒在广州人群中具有一定的免疫程度,结合中和实验结果来应用该种病毒载体并同时开发其他血清型的腺病毒载体很有必要.     

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhances the respiratory burst of human monocytes in response to Entamoeba histolytica.

Mononuclear phagocytes (MP) are probably the most capable effector cells of the body in the defense against virulent strains of E. histolytica. Killing of E. histolytica by MP appears to involve both oxidative and non-oxidative mechanisms. Thus, in this study we have investigated whether trophozoites of an axenic virulent strain E. histolytica HM1:IMSS (EH) were capable of eliciting an oxidative response in pure populations of freshly isolated human monocytes. Using a luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence assay we demonstrate that these cells produce a strong respiratory burst when challenged with live amebas over a wide range of MP:EH ratios. Furthermore, pre-incubation of monocytes with recombinant Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (M-CSF) could further increase the oxidative metabolism of MP in response to E. histolytica. Our results indicate that, in contrast to what occurs with polymorphonuclear leukocytes, the interaction of E. histolytica with MP leads to the production of reactive oxygen intermediates by this cells. The enhancement of this potent microbicidal mechanism by inflammatory cytokines may further increase the amebicidal capacity of human mononuclear phagocytes.     

丹参对外周血中性粒细胞和单核细胞的调整作用

研究丹参对外周血中性粒细胞和单核细胞的化学趋化和超氧化物产物的影响。结果表明：丹参能明显增加两种细胞的超氧化物的产生；并对两种细胞的化学趋化有明显的抑制作用，丹参能调整中性粒细胞的氧化过程，参与化学趋化作用，炎症过程和增强中性粒细胞的杀菌能力。     

缺铁对人体大鼠中性粒细胞吞噬杀菌功能的损害及其机理的研究

Studies were made to determine the neutrophil's phagocytosis and bactericidal function in three groups of rats (control, iron deficiency, and iron supplement). Results showed that there were significant differences in values of chemiluminescence (CL) among three groups. The values of peak CL and five minutes integrated CL were markedly decreased in neutrophils of iron-deficient rats, accounting for only 41% and 32% of the control's values respectively. These suggested that the activity of NADPH oxidase was decreased, and the function of respiratory burst of neutrophils was impaired. The activity of myeloperoxidase in the iron-deficient neutrophils was also significantly lower than that in the control cells. It constituted only 30% of the control's value, indicating that the bactericidal function of neutrophils was injured. One week after iron administration, the low values of the peak CL, the five minutes integrated CL and the activity of myeloperoxidase all went up apparently, but not reached the normal levels yet. The time the function of neutrophils in iron-deficient rats returned to normal may be related to the process of neutrophil maturation in bone marrow.     

Differential neutrophil chemotactic response towards IL-8 and bacterial N-formyl peptides in term newborn infants

Background: A prerequisite for an effective innate immunity is the migrative ability of neutrophils to respond to inflammatory and infectious agents such as the intermediate interleukin (IL)-8 and the end-target formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) chemoattractants. The aim was to study the chemotactic capacity of neutrophils from newborn infants and adults in response to IL-8 and the bacterial peptide fMLP.

Methods: In the under-agarose cell migration assay, isolated leukocytes from healthy adults and from cord blood of healthy term newborn infants were studied with dose responses towards IL-8 and fMLP. The same number of leukocytes (1?×?10⁵ cells), with the same distribution of neutrophils and monocytes, were analyzed in neonates and adults. Chemotaxis was distinguished from randomly migrating neutrophils, and the neutrophil pattern of migration, i.e. the migration distance and the number of migrating neutrophils per distance, was evaluated.

Results: In comparison to adults, fewer neutrophils from newborn infants migrated towards IL-8 and for a shorter distance (P?<?.01, respectively). The number of neutrophils migrating to different gradients of fMLP, the distance they migrated, and the correlation between the number and the distance were the same for neonates and adults. Random migration did not differ in any instance.

Conclusion: Chemotaxis of neutrophils from newborn infants was as co-ordinated as neutrophils from adults in response to fMLP, whereas the response to IL-8 was reduced. The differential response of neutrophils from neonates to intermediate and end-target chemoattractants could indicate a reduced infectious response.     

Action of inhibitor released from neutrophils and leukemic blast cells.

The concept that polymorphonuclear leukocytes, or neutrophils, play a role in feedback control of granulopoiesis has been supported by the finding in bone marrow culture studies that mature neutrophils inhibited formation of granulocytic colonies. The study described in this paper was done to investigate the mechanisms involved. With the use of a modified assay it was found that mature neutrophils released factors that reduced the proliferation of colony-forming cells in cultures stimulated by cell-free colony-stimulating factor. In myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic disorders the amount of inhibitor released by the neutrophils varied greatly. Leukemic blast cells also released inhibitor, and in some cases the amount released per cell was greater than the amount released from normal mature neutrophils. The inhibitory factors released from the neutrophils differed from those previously described in the literature in terms of mode of action and apparent molecular size.