紫外脉冲激光泽聚氯乙烯（PVC）塑料刻蚀产物的研究

利用四极质谱和离子能量分析器，测定了紫外激光刻蚀ＰＶＣ塑料产生的分子，原子和离子产物的质量分布和各种离子的平动能分布，研究了激光通量对刻蚀的影响，发现离子的产生需要比中性产物有更高的激光阈值，讨论了紫外激光对ＰＶＣ塑料的刻蚀剥离机理。     

空间分辨光谱测量研究准分子激光对Al表面的烧蚀

采用空间分辩光谱测量技术，研究了３０８ｎｍ紫外激光烧蚀Ａ１表面发射粒子的动力学过程。通过测量溅射粒子发射光谱中Ａ１（Ⅰ）３９６．１和Ａ１（Ⅱ）２８１．７ｎｍ线强度的空间分布，以及激光能量密度和不同烧蚀环境压力对它们的发射强度空间分布的影响，讨论了紫外３０８ｎｍ激光溅射Ａ１表面发射粒子的微观过程。认为Ａ１原子和Ａ１离子的激发机理不完全相同，它们除被等离子体中的高能电子碰撞激发外，Ａ１离子和电子的复合，也是引起Ａ１原子激发的一个重要通道。     

空间分辨光谱测量研究准分子激光对AI表面的烧蚀

采用空间分辨光谱测量技术，研究了３０８ｎｍ紫外激光烧蚀Ａｌ表面发射粒子的动力学过程。通过测量溅射粒子发射谱中Ａｌ（Ｉ）３９６．１和Ａｌ（Ⅱ）２８１．７ｎｍ线强度的空间分布，以及激光能量密度和不同烧蚀环境压力对它们的发射强度空间分布的影响，讨论了紫外３０８ｎｍ激光溅射Ａｌ表面发射粒子的微观过程。认为Ａｌ原子和Ａｌ离子的激发机理不完全相同，它们除被等离子体中的高电子碰撞激发外，Ａｌ离子和电子的复合，也     

中华猕猴桃汁抗小鼠红细胞脂质过氧化作用

观察中华猕猴桃，原汁对Ｈ２Ｏ２所致溶血和膜脂质过氧化产物丙二醛产生水平的影响。同时用维生素Ｃ作阳性实验对照。结果发现：抗Ｈ２Ｏ２的溶血作用ＡＣＰ原汁较ＶＥ强，ＡＣＰ还有抑帛Ｏ２所致膜脂过氧化产物ＭＤＡ产生水平的作用。     

聚醋酸乙烯酯与铜（Ⅱ）离子的配位反应及其催化作用

以ＥＳＲ、ＵＶ和ＩＲ表征Ｃｕ（２＋）离子与ＰＶＡＣ的配位反应。根据ＣＵＣｌ２·２Ｈ２Ｏ乙醇溶液与ＰＶＡｃ－ＣｕＣｌ２·２Ｈ２Ｏ乙醇溶液的电导率差值随Ｃｕ（２＋）离子摩尔浓度变化的明显转析点得知，１个Ｃｕ（２＋）离子大约能与ＰＶＡｃ４个链节单元配位。证实ＭＭＡ在Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）－ＰＶＡｃ配合物／Ｎａ２ＳＯ３体系的聚合体是无规ＰＭＭＡ，得率为７０％。讨论了ＭＭＡ在Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）－ＰＶＡｃ配合物／Ｎａ２ＳＯ３体系络合催化引发下的游离基反应历程。     

天麻注射液对主动脉平滑肌细胞增殖的影响

在家兔主动脉血管平滑肌细胞（ＶＳＭＣ）离体培养基础上，应用细胞计数、３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入及测定培养液中前列环素（ＰＧＩ２）产物含量的方法，探讨天麻注射液及其有效成分天麻素对ＶＳＭＣ增殖的影响及作用机理。结果表明：天麻注射液能明显抑制ＶＳＭＣ数目的增长和细胞对３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ的摄取，并可增加ＰＧＩ２水解产物６－Ｋ－ＰＧＦ１α的释放，但天麻素却未发现上述抑制ＶＳＭＣ增殖作用，提示天麻注射液的抗ＶＳＭＣ增殖作用与天麻素无关，而ＰＧＩ２产物含量增加可能是其机理之一。     

丙型肝炎病毒准种在单个核细胞和肝细胞内的分隔性分布

目的探讨丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）对单个核细胞感染在ＨＣＶ感染慢性化中的作用。方法通过对ＨＣＶ高度变异区（ＨＶＲ）基因的体外扩增后产物的直接测序,比较慢性丙型肝炎和接受肝移植的肝硬化患者血清、外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）、肝脏相关的单个核细胞（ＬＡＭＣ）和肝脏中ＨＣＶ准种（ｑｕａｓｉｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ）的分布。结果（１）３例肝移植和５例慢性肝炎患者ＰＢＭＣ中的主要ＨＣＶ准种不同于肝脏中的ＨＣＶ;（２）３例患者的ＰＢＭＣ和ＬＡＭＣ中ＨＶＲ有不同的基因替代;（３）ＨＶＲ基因的核苷酸突变主要位于Ｅ２基因的前５０个氨基酸内。结论（１）单个核细胞中的ＨＣＶＲＮＡ是由于ＨＣＶ的感染所致;（２）ＨＣＶ准种在肝细胞和单个核细胞中的分隔性分布可能与ＨＣＶ感染的慢性化密切相关。     

PDGF—B基因的膜型表达产物促进血管平滑肌细胞增殖和胶原合成

考察ＰＤＧＦ－Ｂ基因的膜型表达产物对血管平滑肌细胞（ＶＳＭＣｓ）增生、胶原合成的影响。制备供转导人ＰＤＧＦ－Ｂ基因的重组逆转录病毒，感染ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３细胞，受染ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３细胞经筛选、扩增后，制备细胞膜上表达产物ＰＤＧＦ－ＢＢ以观察其对ＶＳＭＣｓ生长的影响，并以３Ｈ－ＰｒｏＬｉｎｅ掺入率评估该重组蛋白对ＶＳＭＣｓ胶原合成的影响。结果：重组逆转录病毒介导ＰＤＧＦ－Ｂ基因转移并表达出具有生物学活性的重组ＰＤＧＦ－ＢＢ，免疫荧光细胞化学染色证实其表达；该膜型重组蛋白可促进ＶＳＭＣｓ增殖和胶原合成。     

低能量He—Ne激光血管内照射对慢性阻塞性肺病患者免疫功能的影响（附 …

采用低能量Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光血管内照射血液疗法治疗慢性阻塞性肺病５４例，以观察治疗后的免疫指标改变。结果显示：治疗后ＣＤ２，ＣＤ４明显增加（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＬＴＴ，Ｅ－ＲＦＣ明显提高（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＩｇＧ增高（Ｐ〈０．０５），表明Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光具有增强免疫细胞活性及促进免疫分子产生的作用，说明激光血管内照射对免疫功能低下的慢阻病患者具有增强免疫机能的作用。     

激光共聚焦扫描技术在滑膜细胞波形蛋白形态学研究中的应用

激光共聚焦显微镜技术应用于细胞内骨骼波形蛋白中间丝在人滑膜细胞中分布的研究。该技术包括滑膜细胞的分离和培养，用抗Ｖｉｍｅｎｔｉｎ荧光抗体对细胞内骨骼染色，在粘附式细胞人选仪（ＡＣＡＳ５７０）上进行激光共聚焦扫描及三维图重建。获得了较理想的图像质量。本文对激光共聚焦扫描的光学原理，各实验步骤及技术参数作了较详细的报道。     

Comparison between laser and electrical ablation of ventricle in dogs: Hemodynamic,pathologic and electrocardiographic observations

Summary To characterize and compare the pathologic, hemodynamic and electrocardiographic changes of both transeatheter laser and electrical energy on ventricle, 33 subendocardial myocardium lesions were induced at energy 60, 120 and 240 Joules by either transcatheter laser irradiation or electrical shock in 7 anesthetized dogs. The following results were observed: 1) Both laser and electrical ablation on myocardium created nonhomogeneous myocardium injury, but laser ablation caused mainly focal tissue vaporization and necrosis, while electrical shock induced widespread tissue degenerations; 2) Both laser and electrical induced-lesion dimensions increased parallel to the total dosage of energy; 3) Laser ablation caused mainly (90%) single ventricular premature beats and 86 % of them occurred within the first minute after energy discharged, while ventricular tachycardias were found in any electrical energy groups; ventricular fibrillations occurring during laser and electrical ablation were 5 % and 13 % respectively (P< 0.01): 4) A decrease in aortic blood pressure and an increase in central verous pressure induced by laser ablation were significantly less than that produced by the same amount of electrical energy (P<0.0l). Our preliminary results have shown that transeatheter laser ablation has great potential for becoming a practical method in the management of refractory tachycardias.     

喉二氧化碳激光手术气道安全性分析

 目的 通过观察喉二氧化碳激光手术和麻醉管理中的危险,以及常用气管导管对二氧化碳激光耐受情况,分析喉二氧化碳激光手术的气道安全性,以期发现一些降低风险的方法,给临床医生以指导。方法 一是统计和分析我院2003年7月2日至2008年8月21日进行的704例喉二氧化碳激光手术所发生的危险情况;二是通过体外试验,观察注水和注空气时气管导管套囊在不同激光能量和不同激光切割方式下对二氧化碳激光的耐受情况,以及PVC气管导管在不同氧浓度、不同激光能量和不同激光切割方式下的燃烧情况。结果 在704例激光手术患者中,有92例气管套囊被击破,8例术中观察到火花,37例冒出浓烟,无1例发生燃烧或爆炸。体外试验中,水囊耐受二氧化碳激光的效果明显好于气囊（P<0.05）,PVC气管导管在高浓度氧（超过50%）、高激光能量（大于8 W）和连续激光切割下易于燃烧,且剧烈程度随氧浓度和激光能量增高而加剧。结论 喉二氧化碳激光手术和麻醉存在较大风险,可以预见采取气管套囊注水、低氧浓度（50%以下）、低激光能量（8 W以下）和间断激光激发及术中采取盐水纱布保护是降低风险的良好措施。     

Effects of lower fluence pulsed dye laser irradiation on production of collagen and the mRNA expression of collagen relative gene in cultured fibroblasts in vitro

Background Lower fluence of 585-nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser has been successfully used as a nonablative technique in the treatment of wrinkles. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the pulsed dye laser （585 nm） on the production of collagen and the mRNA expression of collagen related gene in fibroblasts in vitro. Methods Cultured fibroblasts were treated with a 585-nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser （ fluence 3 J/cm^2, 4 J/cm^2, spot size 7 mm, pulse duration 450 12s）. The production of collagen and the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor （TGF）-β1, SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4, SMAD7 and type Ⅰ procollagen α1, α2 in fibroblasts were investigated by colorimetry or real time polymerase chain reaction. Results The production of collagen was significantly up-regulated after treatment with a 585-nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser with a fluence of 3 J/cm^2 （P 〈0.001）. The mRNA expression of TGF- β1, SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4, SMAD7 and procollagen I was significantly up-regulated after treatment with a 585-nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser with a fluence of 3 J/cm^2 （P 〈0.001）. No significant difference of mRNA expression of SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4, SMAD7 and type Ⅰ procollagen was found between controls and fibroblasts treated with pulsed dye laser with a fluence of 4 J/cm^2 （P 〉0.05）. Conclusions Lower fluence （3 J/cm^2） pulsed dye laser increased the collagen production in fibroblasts by up-regulating TGF-β1, SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4, SMAD7 and type Ⅰ procollagen mRNA expression. These may be the reason it can be effectively used in the treatment of wrinkles.     

脉冲Nd：YAG激光烧蚀金属Cu的诱导发光机理

通过测定Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ脉冲激光烧蚀金属Ｃｕ 靶诱导等离子体发光羽的发射光谱及其强度随时间与空间的分布,对发光粒子的激发机理进行了研究,结果表明,激光烧蚀诱导等离子体发光羽中,电子碰撞传能是原子和离子激发的主要途径。     

Er∶YAG激光对牙体硬组织切割效率及表面形态的影响

目的 观察Er∶YAG激光不同频率和照射时间对牙体硬组织切割效率和表面形态的影响.方法 80个牙釉质样本和80个牙本质样本分别按照射时间10s和20 s,使用随机数字表法分为两组(n=40),每组再分为5个亚组(n=8),分别用频率为10、15、20、25、30 Hz Er∶ YAG激光对每个样本进行照射,体视显微镜测量牙釉质和牙本质凹坑直径、深度,扫描电镜观察牙釉质和牙本质表面形态.结果 Er∶ YAG激光频率10～20 Hz、照射时间10s及20 s时,牙釉质和牙本质凹坑的直径、深度随频率增加和照射时间延长而增加(P＜0.05);Er∶ YAG激光频率25 ～30 Hz、照射时间10s及20 s时,牙釉质和牙本质凹坑的直径、深度随频率增加和照射时间延长出现缓慢增加的趋势(P＞0.05).扫描电镜下观察,牙釉质和牙本质表面形态发生了一定的变化,Er∶ YAG激光频率为25 ～30 Hz时,牙釉质和牙本质表面出现裂纹、熔融等热损伤现象.结论 Er∶ YAG激光适宜的频率和照射时间不仅可以获得牙体硬组织良好的切割效率,而且不会引起牙体硬组织表面形态热损伤.     

准分子激光表层切削手术的研究

1983年准分子激光角膜切削术(PRK)问世,开创了激光治疗屈光不正的历史,从此治疗进入准分子激光"单纯表层手术"阶段。1991年准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)出现,它很快取代PRK,成为一种主流手术在全球范围内被广泛应用,屈光手术进入"角膜基质手术"阶段。1999年诞生的准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术(LASEK)、2003年的机械法准分子激光角膜上皮瓣下磨镶术(Epi-LASIK)以及2006年的前弹力层下角膜磨镶术(SBK)等,标志着"表层切削"的回归,表层切削成为激光屈光手术的热点和新宠。     

Treatment of 522 patients with Nevus of Ota with Q-switc hed Alexandrite laser

Objective To evaluate the clinical response of Nevus of Ota to Q-switched Alexandrite laser,and analyze factors that influence the treatment outcome.Methods A total of 522 patients treated with Q-switched Alexandrite lase were included in the study.Single and multiple variate analyses of various factors were performed.Results Satisfactory result was observed in all patients.none of whom developed scarring.Clinical response was improved with additional treatment sessions.The clinical response of the 20-27-week treatment interval group was significantly better than that of the 12-19-week interval group.but showed no significant difference as compared with both the 28-35 and ≥36-week interval group.Zygomatic,buccal and frontal areas showed better response than ocular and temporal areas.Treatment session,interval,and fluence were significant factors identified by multivariate analysis.Conclusions Q-switched Alexandrite laser is an ideal method for treating Nevus of Ota without injury.The number of treatment sessions in more important than interval or fluence.     

Laser ablation ability of different fiber tips on human arteries. The role of photothermal effect.

To compare laser ablation abilities of bare tip and metal probe as well as spectraprobe, specimens from human normal and atherosclerotic aorta were irradiated with Nd-YAG laser. To evaluate the influence of photothermal effect thermal energy productions of 3 tips were measured with a calorimeter. The results showed that the bare tip produced the most effective ablation in arterial atheroma, followed by the metal probe and the spectraprobe. Similarly, the ratio of the ablation area on atheroma to that on normal vessel was the best with the bare tip and the worst with the spectraprobe. However, the extent of surrounding tissue damage adjacent to the ablation crater was the largest with the bare tip and the smallest with the spectraprobe. These differences cannot be explained only by variations in the photothermal effect, since thermal energy production is proved to be almost equal among the 3 laser fiber tips.

     

经皮穿刺多靶点射频联合臭氧消融术与单纯射频治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效比较

目的比较经皮穿刺多靶点射频＋臭氧消融术与单纯射频在腰椎间盘突出症中的治疗效果。方法将86例腰椎间盘突出症患者随机分为观察组（n=43）与对照组（n=43）,观察组给予经皮穿刺多靶点射频＋臭氧消融术,对照组给予单纯射频治疗,比较两组治疗效果。结果两组患者均顺利完成手术,手术成功率均为100％,均未发生严重手术并发症。术后3个月时观察组优良率为90．7％（39／43）,显著高于对照组的69．8％（30／43）（P〈0．05）,术后12个月时,观察组优良率仍为90．7％（39／43）,仍显著高于对照组的62．8％（27／43）（P〈0．01）。结论经皮穿刺多靶点射频＋臭氧消融术对腰椎间盘突出症患者具有较为可靠的疗效,可更快、更彻底的缓解患者临床症状体征,其近期、远期疗效均显著优于单纯射频治疗。     

钬激光对兔肾脏实质的生物学效应

目的探索钬激光用于治疗肾实质肿瘤的可行性.方法以兔子为试验对象,按完全随机的方式将兔子分组,每组接受不同参数(脉冲能量、频率、时间)的激光对双侧肾脏定点照射.通过肉眼观测、光镜观察及图像处理软件,观察钬激光对肾脏实质的气化、切割、凝固等生物学效应及范围.结果钬激光对肾实质具有气化、切割、凝固效应,同时有良好的止血效果,损伤带的直径随着激光的脉冲能量(F=767.104,P=0.000)、频率(F=3808.405,P=0.000)及照射时间(F=139.115,P=0.000)的增加而增大,差别均有统计学意义.钬激光功率与损伤直径有良好的相关性好(r=0.950,t=11.499,P=0.000),说明损伤的范围易于控制.切割带外围热损伤的宽度局限于0.4～0.8 mm,负损伤小.结论钬激光可以对肾组织产生精确的气化、切割、凝固效果,同时止血可靠,易于控制,可操作性强.可以用于肾实质肿瘤的治疗,可以在影像技术的引导下行穿刺介入治疗,或者通过腹腔镜下治疗,也可以在保肾手术中辅助切割.