Congenital quadricuspid aortic valve: analysis of 11 surgical cases

Background  Congenital quadricuspid aortic valve is rarely seen during aortic valve replacement (AVR). The diagnosis and treatment of the disease were reported in 11 cases.

Methods  Eleven patients (nine men and two women, mean age 33.4 years) with quadricuspid aortic valve were retrospectively evaluated. Medical records, echocardiograms and surgical treatment were reviewed.

Results  In accordance with the Hurwitz and Roberts classification, the patients were classified as type A (n=2), type B (n=7), type F (n=1) and type G (n=1). Three patients were associated with other heart diseases, including infective endocarditis and mitral prolaps, left superior vena cava, aortic aneurysm. All had aortic regurgitation (AR) except two with aortic stenosis (AS), detected by color-flow Doppler echocardiography. The congenital quadricuspid aortic valve deformity in seven patients was diagnosed by echocardiography. All patients underwent successful aortic valve replacement.

Conclusion  Quadricuspid aortic valve is a rare cause of aortic insufficiency, while echocardiography plays an important role in diagnosing the disease. Aortic valve replacement is the major therapy for the disease.

     

Epicardial radiofrequency ablation for left ventricular aneurysm related ventricular arrhythmias during off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery

Background  Left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) is one of the serious complications after acute myocardial infarction. We attempted to evaluate the preliminary efficacy of LVA repair combined with epicardial radiofrequency ablation for ventricular arrhythmia during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB).

Methods  From June 2009 to April 2011, 31 patients with LVA had angina symptoms and ventricular arrhythmia. In all patients, circular and cross-shaped radiofrequency epicardial ablations were performed using unipolar ablation pen along the border between the aneurysm wall and normal cardiac tissue and in the central zone of the aneurysms, followed by a linear placation of ventricular aneurysms on beating heart.

Results  All the patients showed complete recovery. The average number of grafted vessels was 2.7±1.3. Intraoperative examinations revealed that the ventricular arrhythmia was effectively controlled by radiofrequency ablation. All cases had been followed up for one year. Holter monitoring revealed a significant reduction in ventricular arrhythmias (P <0.05). Echocardiography showed significant increase in left ventricular ejection fraction (P <0.05) and decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (P <0.05).

Conclusions  For patients with ventricular aneurysm and preoperative malignant arrhythmia, aneurysm repair plus epicardial radiofrequency ablation in OPCAB was found to be an effective and feasible therapeutic technique. However, medium- to long-term therapeutic efficacy of this method remains to be determined by future studies and observations.

     

Perioperative aortic dissection rupture after endovascular stent graft placement for treatment of type B dissection

Background  The perioperative aortic dissection (AD) rupture is a severe event after endovascular stent graft placement for treatment of type B AD. However, this life-threatening complication has not undergone systematic investigation. The aim of the study is to discuss the reasons of AD rupture after the procedure.

Methods  The medical record data of 563 Stanford type B AD patients who received thoracic endovascular repair from 2004 to December 2011 at our institution were collected and analyzed. Double entry and consistency checking were performed with Epidata software.

Results  Twelve patients died during the perioperation after thoracic endovascular repair, with an incidence of 2.1%, 66.6% were caused by aortic rupture and half of the aortic rupture deaths were caused by retrograde type A AD. In our study, 74% of the non-rupture surviving patients had the free-flow bare spring proximal stent implanted, compared with 100% of the aortic rupture patients (74% vs. 100%, P=0.213). The aortic rupture patients are more likely to have ascending aortic diameters ≥4 cm (62.5% vs. 9.0%, P=0.032), involvement the aortic arch concavity (62% vs. 27%, P=0.041) and have had multiple stents placed (P=0.039).

Conclusions  Thoracic AD endovascular repair is a safe and effective treatment option for AD with relative low in-hospital mortality. AD rupture may be more common in arch stent-graft patients with an ascending aortic diameter ≥4 cm and with severe dissection that needs multi-stent placement. Attention should be paid to a proximal bare spring stent that has a higher probability of inducing an AD rupture. Post balloon dilation should be performed with serious caution, particularly for the migration during dilation.

     

创伤骨科患者创伤严重程度和血浆D二聚体水平的相关分析

Background  The correlation between the plasma D-dimer level and deep vein thrombosis has not been conclusive in various studies. The aim of this research was to study the relationship between plasma D-dimer levels and the severity of orthopedic trauma by retrospective examination of orthopedic trauma cases.

Methods  Clinically acute trauma and non-acute trauma patients were selected and their plasma D-dimer levels were measured. Plasma D-dimer levels in patients of these two groups were compared. The relationship between the plasma D-dimer level and the severity of the trauma was also studied.

Results  There were 548 cases in the acute trauma group and 501 cases in the non-acute trauma group. The levels of plasma D-dimer were significantly higher in the acute trauma group than in the non-acute trauma group (P <0.01). In the acute trauma group, the correlation between the D-dimer level and the number of fractures was a positive linear correlation (r=0.9532).

Conclusions  Elevated plasma D-dimer is common in trauma patients. The D-dimer level and the number of fractures in the trauma patients are closely correlated. D-dimer is not only an indicator for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolus, but also an indicator of the severity of trauma in acute trauma patients.

     

Comparison of clinical curative effect between open surgery and endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm in China

Objective   To compare clinical curative effects of open surgery (OS) or endovascular repair (EVAR) for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in China.

Data sources  We performed a comprehensive search of both English and Chinese literatures involving case studies on retrograde OS or EVAR of AAA in China from January 1976 to December 2010.

Study selection  According to the inclusion criteria, 76 articles were finally analyzed to compare patient characteristics, clinical success, complications, and prognosis.

Results  We analyzed a total of 2862 patients with 1757 undergoing OS (OS group) and 1105 undergoing EVAR (EVAR group). There was no significant difference in the success rate of the procedures. Operative time, length of ICU stay, fasting time, duration of total postoperative stay, blood loss, and blood transfusion requirements during the procedure were significantly lower in the EVAR group. A 30-day follow up revealed more cardiac, renal, pulmonary, and visceral complications in the OS group (P <0.01). Low-limb ischemia, however, was more common in the EVAR group (P <0.05). The 30-day mortality rate, including aorta-related and non-aorta related mortality, was significantly lower in the EVAR group (P <0.01). In the follow-up period, there were more patients with occlusions of artificial vessel and late endoleak in the EVAR group (P <0.01). The overall late mortality rate was higher in the OS group (P <0.01), especially non-aorta-related late mortality and mortality during the fourth to the sixth year (P <0.01).

Conclusions  EVAR was safer and less invasive for AAA patients. Patients suffered fewer complications and recovered sooner. However, complications such as artificial vessel occlusion, low-limb ischemia, and endoleak were common in EVAR. Clinicians should carry out further research to solve these complications and improve the efficacy of EVAR.

     

髂静脉受压综合征的腔内治疗

Background  Iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS), the symptomatic compression of the left common iliac vein between the right common iliac artery and the vertebrae, is not an uncommon condition. The aim of this research was to retrospectively evaluate long-term outcome and the significance of endovascular treatment in patients with left IVCS. 

Methods  Between January 1997 and September 2008, 296 patients received interventional therapy in the left common iliac vein. In the second stage, 170 cases underwent saphenous vein high ligation and stripping. Two hundred and thirty-one cases were followed up over a period of 6 to 120 months (average 46 months) and evaluated for symptom improvement with color ultrasound and ascending venography.

Results  The stenotic or occlusive segments of the left iliac vein were successfully dilated in 285 cases, of whom 272 received stent implantation therapy. Most of the patients achieved satisfactory results on discharge. During the follow-up period, varicose veins were alleviated in 98.7% of the patients, and leg swelling disappeared or was obviously relieved in 84% of cases. About 85% of leg ulcers completely healed. The total patency rate was 91.7% as evaluated with color ultrasound and 91.5% with ascending venography.

Conclusions  Endovascular treatment of IVCS provides effective symptomatic improvement and good long-term patency in most patients.

     

Preliminary characterization of acute aortic dissection in the mainland of China

Objective  To explore the differences in the characteristics of acute aortic dissection (AAD) among less and more economically developed countries with various cultures and races.

Data sources  Reports from the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection (IRAD) and the mainland of China (MC) were collected by searching the PubMed Database and the Chinese Journal Full-text Database from January 2000 to March 2009.

Study selection  Those reports from IRAD and MC containing larger numbers of cases and complete patients’ information were selected, which focused on concrete issues of diagnosing or managing AAD were excluded if they were not able to reflect the overall characteristics of this condition. And the data from the article containing the largest number patients reported by the same medical center in MC were taken into statistics.

Results  AAD patients from MC were significantly younger than IRAD countries and the percentage of male patients in the Chinese group was higher than IRAD countries (80.7% vs. 68.6%, P <0.001). Patients in MC were less likely to present with typical symptoms and signs except for any focal neurological deficits. Different from the IRAD group, Chinese patients were prone to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to make the diagnosis of AAD (45.5% vs. 11.6%, P <0.001). The in-hospital mortality was similar between 2 groups but only smaller proportion of AAD patients in MC underwent surgical or medical treatment.

Conclusions  The general characteristics of AAD patients in MC were shown and differences in some clinical variables between MC and IRAD groups still existed.

     

Practical value of intravenous urography combined with add-on CT in diagnosing ureteral abnormalities

Background  Intravenous urography (IVU) combined with add-on CT (IVU-CT) can help to provide more diagnostic information for determining the localization and nature of ureteral abnormalities with less irradiation dose. This study aimed to determine the value of IVU-CT for diagnosis of ureteral diseases, where IVU is insufficient to determine the diagnosis.

Methods  Two hundred and eighty patients underwent IVU for suspected ureteral disorders, which identified a definite diagnosis in 184 cases and was insufficient for definite diagnosis in 96 cases designated as indeterminate diagnosis. Subsequently 90 patients (six patients declined CT) with indeterminate diagnosis consented to undergo immediate or delayed helical CT scan. The CT data were transferred to the workstation for post-processing, and the cost and mean effective dose for each imaging method were calculated and compared indirectly.

Results  Of the 90 indeterminate diagnosis cases, diagnosis was determined in 86 cases by IVU-CT with a diagnostic accordance rate of 95.6%, while 184/280 (65.7%) had diagnosis determined by IVU alone. There was a significant difference between IVU and IVU-CT in the determination of the diagnosis of ureteral diseases (c²=36.4, P <0.05). The cost of IVU equals to 1/8–1/9 of that for CT urography (CTU), and the cost of IVU-CT is as much as 1/3 of CTU. CTU results in the highest mean effective dose, approximately nine times that for IVU and three times that for IVU-CT.

Conclusion  IVU-CT provides valuable information for the localization and diagnosis of ureteral abnormalities and may be considered as an efficient, cost-effective and low-dose diagnostic technique in this setting.

     

Expression of nucleophosmin in glandular epithelium of non-pregnant human endometrium during the menstrual cycle

Background  Nucleophosmin plays a critical role in embryonic development. This study aimed to examine the expression pattern of nucleophosmin in glandular epithelium of human endometrium during the menstrual cycle.

Methods  Endometrial tissues used for this study were obtained from 46 non-pregnant patients who underwent hysterectomy which had been performed to treat benign diseases. Nucleophosmin expression was assessed by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry.

Results  At the early-, mid- and late-proliferative phase, nucleophosmin mRNA was highly expressed in glandular epithelium of human endometrium. At the secretory phase, the expression of nucleophosmin mRNA was reduced in glandular epithelium in early-secretory phase, and the expression in mid- and late-secretory phases was not detected. Similarly, nucleophosmin protein was strongly expressed in endometrial glands throughout the proliferative phase, but was gradually reduced during secretory phase.

Conclusion  Nucleophosmin mRNA and protein are expressed in glandular epithelium of human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle.

     

Endovascular treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome

Background  Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a posthepatic portal hypertension caused by the obstruction of the lumen of the hepatic veins or the proximal inferior vena cava (IVC). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical experience of interventional therapy for Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Methods  IVC venography was carried out first, the obliteration or stenosis in the IVC was opened or dilated with the hard guided wire or Rups100 puncture needle and balloon, then a stent was routinely implanted for the type of obliteration or stenosis.

Results  The procedure was successful in 821 out of 903 cases including IVC intervention in 760 cases, and hepatic vein intervention in 61 cases. An IVC stent was used in 517 cases and hepatic vein stent in 19 cases. There were no pulmonary embolisms, but acute renal failure occurred in eight cases, hepatic coma in two cases and acute heart failure in 43 cases. Two patients died in this group and five cases were complicated with acute IVC thrombosis. Follow up of 7 to 124 months was made in 679 cases with recurrence found in 59 cases.

Conclusions 　Interventional therapy is safe and effective with a fast recovery for most types of BCS. It is gradually becoming the first therapeutic choice.

     

Strategies for managing the insufficiency of the proximal landing zone during endovascular thoracic aortic repair

Background The insufficiency of the proximal landing zone (PLZ) is a frequent factor challenging the applicability and efficacy of endovascular repair (EVR) for thoracic aortic disorders. This study discusses two strategies for conquering this challenge.Methods Ten patients underwent EVR for thoracic aortic diseases during a one-year period ending June 30, 2004. Nine patients had DeBakey type Ⅲ dissecting aortic aneurysm (DAA), and one had descending thoracicaortic aneurysm (DTAA). The PLZ, defined as the distance from the origin of the left subclavian artery (LSA) to the primary entry tear of the dissection or to the proximal aspect of DTAA, was less than 15 mm in all instances. EVR with intentional coverage of the LSA without any supportive bypass was employed in 6 patients with DAA, and the preliminary right-left carotid and left carotid-subclavian bypass combined with EVR in the DTAA and other 3 DAA cases.Results Technical success was achieved in all the patients. The patient with DTAA died from hemispheric cerebral infarction and subsequent multiple system organ failure following an uneventful recovery from the cervical reconstruction performed 1 week previously. In cases receiving the EVR with intentional coverage of the LSA, in two patients dizziness occurred, which noticeably resolved after intravenous administration of mannitol for 4 to 5 days, and a drop in blood pressure of the left arm was noted in all the cases, but remained clinically silent. No neurological deficits or limb ischaemia developed perioperatively or during the followup, ranging from 3 to 12 months, and complete thrombosis of the thoracic aortic false lumen was revealed on CT at 3 months in the 9 patients with DAA.Conclusions Both the intentional bypass absent coverage of the LSA and the adjunctive surgical bypass appear to be feasible and effective in managing the insufficiency of the PLZ during the endovascular thoracic aortic repair.     

Effect of Intravascular Ultrasound-assisted Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair for “Complicated” Type B Aortic Dissection

Background:

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) examination can provide useful information during endovascular stent graft repair. However, its actual clinical utility in thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for type B aortic dissection (type B-AD) remains unclear, especially in complicated aortic dissection. We evaluated the effect of IVUS as a complementary tool during TEVAR.

Methods:

From September 2011 to April 2012, we conducted a prospective cohort study of 47 consecutive patients with “complicated” type B-AD diagnosed. We divided the patients into two groups: IVUS-assisted TEVAR group and TEVAR using angiography alone group. The general procedure of TEVAR was performed. We evaluated the perioperative and follow-up events. Patient demographics, comorbidities, preoperative images, dissection morphology, details of operative strategy, intraoperative events, and postoperative course were recorded.

Results:

A total of 47 patients receiving TEVAR were enrolled. Among them (females, 8.51%; mean age, 57.38 ± 13.02 years), 13 cases (27.66%) were selected in the IVUS-assisted TEVAR group, and 34 were selected in the TEVAR group. All patients were symptomatic. The average diameter values of IVUS measurements in the landing zone were greater than those estimated by computed tomography angiography (31.82 ± 4.21 mm vs. 30.64 ± 4.13 mm, P < 0.001). The technique success rate was 100%. Among the postoperative outcomes, statistical differences were only observed between the IVUS-assisted TEVAR group and TEVAR group for total operative time and the amount of contrast used (P = 0.013 and P < 0.001, respectively). The follow-up ranged from 15 to 36 months for the IVUS-assisted TEVAR group and from 10 to 35 months for the TEVAR group (P = 0.646). The primary endpoints were no statistical difference in the two groups.

Conclusions:

Intraoperative IVUS-assisted TEVAR is clinically feasible and safe. For the endovascular repair of “complicated” type B-AD, IVUS may be helpful for understanding dissection morphology and decrease the operative time and the amount of contrast used.     

胸主动脉腔内修复术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层

目的:总结胸主动脉腔内修复术(thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair,TEVAR)治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层的经验。方法:对本中心2010年6月~2013年12月接受TEVAR治疗的41例Stanford B型主动脉夹层进行回顾性分析,术前通过主动脉CTA明确诊断并评估病情,术中通过将胸主动脉支架植入来封堵主动脉夹层破口以隔绝假腔。结果:围手术期无死亡病例出现,技术成功率100%,术后1人失访,其余40例进行跟踪随访,随访时间6个月~36个月,平均14个月,2例分别于术后3个月和6个月因心脑血管意外死亡,其余患者均存活,无截瘫、脑梗等严重并发症发生,患者术后近端真腔基本恢复正常管径,近端假腔内血栓形成。结论:TEVAR是治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层的有效方法,技术可靠,安全性较高,创伤小,临床应用前景广泛。     

胸主动脉腔内修复术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层#br# 术中覆盖腹腔干动脉的中远期疗效

目的：观察Stanford B型主动脉夹层胸主动脉腔内修复术(thoracic endovascular aortic repair,TEVAR)中覆盖腹腔干动脉的中远期临床疗效。方法：2007年7月至2015年7月,中南大学湘雅二医院血管外科收治累及腹腔干动脉Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者21例,术前对患者进行了详细的CT三维血管重建(CT angiography,CTA)或数字减影血管造影(digital substract angiography,DSA)检查以确认腹腔干动脉与肠系膜上动脉间侧支循环的存在。术中精确定位释放支架,同时覆盖腹腔干动脉及近腹腔干动脉的主动脉破口。随访分别在术后2周、1个月、3个月、6个月、12个月进行,之后每年进行1次随访。结果：所有患者术后均无肝功能损害,无腹痛、腹胀等脏器缺血症状。所有患者均未发生脊髓缺血症状。7例患者术后即时造影有内漏发生,但经保守治疗后3个月内均自行停止。余14例患者术后即时造影均未发现内漏,术后CTA复查可发现假腔内血栓形成,假腔逐渐缩小。结论：TEVAR治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层术中有计划地覆盖腹腔干动脉可以有效覆盖近腹腔干动脉开口的主动脉夹层破口。术后出现腹腔内脏器缺血或脊髓缺血的概率较低。术后II型内漏是其主要并发症,但多可经保守治疗后自行停止。     

“烟囱”技术在主动脉弓病变腔内修复术中的应用

目的：探讨“烟囱”技术在主动脉弓病变腔内修复术中应用的方法及疗效。方法：回顾性统计2010年8月 至2014年8月应用“烟囱”技术处理主动脉弓病变的25例患者的方法、结果和术后并发症等。结果：本组25例主动脉 弓病变腔内修复技术中应用了“烟囱”技术,男性18例,女性7例,年龄38~78(65±5.8)岁。针对左颈总动脉的“烟 囱”技术5例,针对左锁骨下动脉的“烟囱”技术20例。25 例患者均获得技术成功。3例术后即刻造影提示少量I型内 漏,未处理,术后1个月复查内漏消失;2例患者出现左上肢乏力,其中1例伴头晕,随访过程中逐渐恢复,无肢体缺 血坏死。所有“烟囱”支架均通畅,无主动脉覆膜支架移位、内漏等并发症。结论：“烟囱”技术为近端锚定区不 足的主动脉弓部病变提供了完全腔内微创治疗的方法,短期随访结果满意。     

腔内修复抢救胸主动脉创伤伤员时封闭左锁骨下动脉的可行性分析

目的探讨腔内修复术（endovascularaorticrepair，EⅥ娘）中抢救胸主动脉创伤（thoracicaortictrauma，TAT）伤员时封闭左锁骨下动脉（1eftsubclavianartery，LSA）的可行性，从而为临床快速、简便、有效地急救TAT提供依据。方法对因EVAR中锚定区（1andingzone，LZ）不足的19例TAT伤员进行颈动脉、椎基底动脉及大脑动脉环（Wil—lis环）检查。如颈动脉、椎基底动脉血流通畅及wmis环完整则在EVAR时直接完全封闭LsA开口。术后行电子计算机断层扫描（computedtomography，CT）或／和CT血管造影（computedtomographyangiography，CTA）复查、随访，观察脑及上肢缺血并发症发生情况。结果4例（4／19）伤员因近端LZ不足，均选择了在EⅥ气R术中直接完全封闭LSA开口，均获得了手术成功。术后复查提示LSA远端无前向性血流1例、少量血流1例、中等量血流1例、正常血流1例。出院后平均随访21．2个月，随访期间2例伤员完全没症状；1例左上肢皮色稍苍白，皮温较对侧低，左上肢运动轻微减少，短暂性麻木、针刺感；1例阵发性眩晕，左上肢间歇性肌力减弱。所有症状表现轻微，无需再次手术以减轻症状。结论在明确颈动脉、椎基底动脉血流通畅及willis环完整后，应用EVAR救治TAT伤员时因锚定不足而直接完全封闭伤员的LsA开口是安全、可行的。进一步的论证需要多中心、大样本的临床实验。     

急性B型主动脉夹层Castor单分支支架置入术后近端主动脉的早期重塑

目的 评估急性B型主动脉夹层Castor单分支支架置入术后近端主动脉的早期重塑。方法 收集2018年1月至2021年12月22例急性B型主动脉夹层因近端着陆区不足行Castor单分支支架置入术患者的临床数据。分析人口统计学特征、手术细节、术后并发症以及随访结果。通过计算机断层血管成像软件建立的三维图像测量主动脉角度、横截面积、长度和弯曲度等不同参数。比较术前和术后3个月近端主动脉的几何参数。结果 与术前相比,术后主动脉弓与升、降主动脉以及左锁骨下动脉的夹角增大(P<0.001);术后升主动脉、近端主动脉弓的横截面积减小(P<0.05),总胸主动脉和假腔的横截面积减少(P<0.001),真腔的横截面积增加(P<0.001);术后主动脉弓长度增加(P<0.05),其他主动脉参数的变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 Castor单分支支架治疗急性B型主动脉夹层术后对近端主动脉有良好的几何重塑作用,尤其为近端着陆区不良的患者提供了一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

Stanford B 型主动脉夹层腔内手术回顾及中期随访

 目的 总结Stanford B 型主动脉夹层的腔内手术治疗经验。方法 收集2000~2007年70例Stanford B型主动脉夹层腔内治疗病人的临床资料，通过对其回顾性研究，结合术前影像学、术中数字减影动脉造影术DSA（digital subtraction angiography）、术后门诊影像学随访资料。观察夹层病变的急性期解剖学数据，在随后的随访过程中观察有无内漏、移位和人工血管内支架塌陷等术后并发症，寻找并发症出现的一些高危因素。结果 70例患者平均有2.66个破口，第一破口平均距离左锁骨下动脉27.61mm。3例同期进行左颈总、左锁骨下动脉以及2例二期进行肠系膜上动脉、肾动脉旁路术。16例支架型人工血管一期覆盖左锁骨下动脉而未做血管旁路手术。70例患者即刻I型内漏发生率为14.3％（10/70）。无移植物错放、移位、瘤体破裂和中转手术等并发症，本组技术成功率为85.7%（60/70）。随访2周～72个月后，5例发生I型内漏，3例再次接受手术。本研究表明内漏的发生同夹层病变内膜裂口数量多、术前主动脉最大直径大以及近端破口在小弯侧有关。结论 主动脉夹层腔内修复术具有安全、可行、有效的特点。临床的开拓性工作成功突破短瘤颈、内脏动脉假腔累及、破口位置较低和入路动脉过细等解剖学限制，在保证手术安全的情况下拓宽了手术适应症。远期疗效有待进一步观察。     

血管旁路移植后腔内隔绝术治疗Ⅲ型复杂型主动脉夹层

目的总结联合腔内隔绝术、联合血管旁路移植术治疗Ⅲ型复杂型主动脉夹层的临床经验。方法 2010年12月腔内隔绝术联合血管旁路移植术2例。全组均为男性。年龄51～70岁,平均年龄60.5岁。术前CTA发现1例破口距左锁骨下动脉开口处<15mm,另1例破口在左锁骨下动脉根部。夹层均不同程度逆向剥离延及主动脉弓。手术分期进行先行颈部动脉重建,12h内再行腔内隔绝手术。结果术后患者恢复良好,2周出院。出院前CTA无内漏发生和支架移位。随访2例,随访时间1个月,无特殊不适。结论腔内隔绝术联合血管旁路移植术治疗Ⅲ型复杂型主动脉夹层是一种创伤小、恢复快、疗效好的治疗方法。     

Stanford B型主动脉夹层腔内修复术后发生夹层及手术相关性死亡12例分析

目的 分析应用胸主动脉腔内修复术(TEVAR)治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层后发生夹层及手术相关性死亡的主要原因,并探讨其相应的防治方法.方法 收集2000年8月-2008年6月在复旦大学附属中山医院血管外科完成的650例Stanford B型主动脉夹层TEVAR术后发生夹层及手术相关性死亡的12例患者的临床资料,分析其死亡的原因及相应的防治方法.结果 TEVAR术后发生夹层及手术相关性死亡12例(1.8%,12/650),男9例,女3例,年龄35～68岁,平均年龄为(53±11)岁.6例死于并发新发破口,其中5例位于人工血管内支架(简称支架)近端,引起逆行性A型夹层;另1例位于支架远端,导致假腔进行性增大;另6例中死于缺血性脑卒中3例,主动脉夹层破裂1例,内张力1例,支架释放失败1例.结论 Stanford B型主动脉夹层TEVAR术后夹层及手术相关性死亡的发生率较低,导致死亡的原因以支架两端新发破口最为常见,采取相应的防治措施具有积极意义.