神经干细胞移植在恢复损伤脊髓传导功能中的作用

目的：探讨神经干细胞（NSCs）移植在恢复损伤脊髓传导功能中的作用。方法：30只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组（A组）、损伤组（B组）和移植组（C组），每组10只；将培养的大鼠NSCs悬液注入C组损伤脊髓处，B组注射等量的生理盐水。采用皮层体感诱发电位（CSEP）和HRP逆行示踪技术观察大鼠脊髓传导功能的恢复情况。结果：①脊髓损伤后，B组的CSEP波消失，术后2月C组的波形有所恢复，但潜伏期延长；②A组脊髓前角可见互许多HRP标记阳性神经元，B组未见阳性神经元，C组可见有阳性神经元，但数目较A组少。结论：NSCs脊髓内移植能促进损伤脊髓传导功能的部分恢复。     

神经干细胞不同移植途径治疗脊髓损伤的比较研究

目的探讨神经干细胞（NSCs）不同的移植方法治疗脊髓损伤的可行性及疗效差异。方法 Wistar成年大鼠40只,随机分成4组,①正常组;②损伤组;③静脉移植组;④损伤局部移植组。术后2个月采用免疫组化观察横断脊髓局部NSCs分布及分化情况,采用BBB评分、皮层体感诱发电位（CSEP）评价大鼠脊髓功能的恢复情况。结果各种移植方法在损伤脊髓节段上下均可检测到B rdu标记细胞,但是不同移植方法B rdu标记的移植细胞数不同;BBB评分C、D组与B组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,C组与D组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;所有大鼠CSEP在术前和A组术后的潜伏期正常;脊髓损伤1 d后,B组、C组和D组的CSEP消失,术后2个月B组的波形仍无,C组和D组的波形恢复,但潜伏期延长,与B组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,C组与D组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论神经干细胞静脉移植和脊髓损伤局部移植对大鼠损伤脊髓的功能恢复有一定的促进作用,但这两种方法之间无明显差异。     

神经干细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤的实验研究

目的：观察神经干细胞（NSCs）移植对脊髓损伤（SCI）大鼠功能恢复的作用。方法：30只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、损伤组和移植组,每组10只;损伤组和移植组制作成L4平面的脊髓全横断模型,将培养的大鼠NSCs悬液注入移植组损伤脊髓处,损伤组注射等量的生理盐水。术后2mo,采用BBB评分、皮层体感诱发电位（CSEP）和辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）逆行示踪技术观察大鼠脊髓运动和传导功能的恢复程度。结果：术后2mo,BBB评分损伤组、移植组大鼠有所恢复,但都未达到正常水平,其中移植组的大鼠恢复较好,评分较高,与损伤组有统计学差异。SCI后,损伤组、移植组的CSEP波消失,术后2mo移植组的波形有所恢复,但潜伏期延长。对照组脊髓前角可见到许多HRP标记阳性神经元,损伤组未见阳性神经元,移植组可见有阳性神经元,但数目较对照组少。结论：NSCs脊髓内移植能促进损伤脊髓运动和传导功能的部分恢复。     

神经干细胞移植对大鼠脊髓损伤后腓肠肌的影响

目的：探讨神经干细胞（NSCs）移植对脊髓损伤后腓肠肌的影响。方法：30只Wistar大鼠随机分为正常组（A组）、损伤组（B组）和NSCs移植组（C组），每组10只；将培养的大鼠神经干细胞悬液注入C组切断脊髓处，B组注射等量的生理盐水。术后2个月，进行腓肠肌肌电位、肌湿重测定，观察腓肠肌运动终板的变化。结果：①与A组比较，B组和C组腓肠肌肌电位的峰值下降，时限延长（P＜0．01），C组电位有所恢复。②与A组比较，B组的腓肠肌肉湿重下降近70％，C组肌肉湿重有所恢复，但仍未达到正常水平（P＜0．01）。③B组和C组的运动终板形状变得单一，运动终板的总数量减少，其中C组比B组减少数目为主。结论：神经干细胞移植入脊髓损伤的横断处，能延缓肌肉的萎缩，有助于其功能的恢复。     

BDNF基因修饰神经干细胞移植后大鼠脊髓损伤移植处的基因表达变化

目的：了解脑源性神经营养因子（Brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF）基因修饰神经干细胞移植到大鼠脊髓损伤处后的基因表达变化，为脊髓损伤修复提供基础研究资料。方法：大鼠随机分为4组：正常对照组，手术对照组，神经干细胞（Neural stem cells,NSCs）移植组，BDNF－NSCs移植组，各组分4个时相点（7d、1个月、2个月、3个月），利用细胞移植、X-gal组化、免疫组化、原位杂交等方法，观察了移植处细胞的标记基因（LacZ）表达和BDNF、胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）、神经丝－200（NF－200）的表达。结果：大鼠脊髓损伤移植处细胞中，有标记基因阳性细胞，BDNF强烈表达，尤其是BDNF－NSCs移植组的移植后1周和1个月时。各组各时相点均有GFAP和NF－200免疫反应阳性细胞和纤维。结论：BDNF基因修饰神经干细胞能在脊髓损伤移植处存活，强烈表达BDNF，BDNF基因修饰神经干细胞可以作为脊髓损伤修复的移植材料。     

神经干细胞与嗅鞘细胞移植对脊髓全横断大鼠后肢运动功能的影响

目的探讨神经干细胞（NSCs）与嗅鞘细胞（OECs）移植对脊髓全横断大鼠后肢运动功能的影响．方法SD大鼠行T11脊髓全横断术后，随机分为NSCs移植组、OECs移植组、联合移植组和对照组．术后将取自绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）转基因胚胎小鼠海马和新生小鼠嗅球的、经培养鉴定后的NSCs和OECs，以明胶海绵做载体分别或联合移植到各移植组动物脊髓损伤处，对照组不移植细胞，用BBB评分法评价1～8周大鼠后肢运动功能恢复的程度．8周后移植各组动物行左心室主动脉内4％多聚甲醛灌注，取横断处上下各约1mL脊髓，连续冰冻切片（片厚20tam），置于荧光显微镜下观察切片中有无绿色荧光细胞，确定NSCs及OECs的存活情况．结果NSCs及OECs细胞在移植脊髓损伤后能存活，并向周围迁移；术后3和4周末，NSCs组、OECs组和联合移植组大鼠运动功能均较对照组有明显改善（P〈0．05）；且3周时，联合移植组和OECs组比NSCs组后肢运动功能变化显著（P〈0．05）；而联合移植组和OECs组比较后肢运动功能未见显著差别（P〉0．05）．绪论NSCs、OECs和联合移植在早期均可促进脊髓全横断大鼠运动功能恢复；OECs组、联合移植组效果均优于NSCs组；联合移植对大鼠运动功能恢复在早期没有显现最佳作用．     

骨髓间充质干细胞和嗅黏膜神经干细胞共移植治疗大鼠脊髓损伤

【摘要】目的 探讨骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)和嗅黏膜神经干细胞(OM NSCs)共移植对大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能的影响。方法 分别提取培养并鉴定大鼠BMSCs和OM NSCs。将60只雄性SPF级SD大鼠随机分为假手术组（仅做椎板切除,不损伤脊髓）,对照组（在脊髓损伤区域注射5 μL生理盐水）,BMSCs移植组（在脊髓损伤区域注射5 μL 5×104个细胞BMSCs单细胞悬液）,OM NSCs移植组（在脊髓损伤区域注射5 μL 5×104个细胞 OM NSCs单细胞悬液,BMSCs和OM NSCs共移植组（在脊髓损伤区域注射5μL 1〖DK〗∶1 5×104个细胞BMSCs和OM NSCs细胞混悬液）。细胞移植后第1、3、7、14、21、28天分别对大鼠进行BBB评分,28天后处死大鼠,分离脊髓组织,进行免疫荧光染色观察细胞迁移情况。结果 造模后,大鼠双后肢瘫痪,BBB评分0分。细胞移植后14天起,与对照组相比,干细胞移植组运动功能有显著改善,BBB评分比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜005）。与BMSCs移植组和OM NSCs移植组相比,移植后21、28天,共移植组BBB评分显著增加（P＜005）。免疫荧光观察结果表明,脊髓损伤28天后,损伤区脊髓内可见空泡形成,两种干细胞聚集在空泡周围,BMSCs在损伤区分布较为集中,而OM NSCs相对散在分布,细胞较为伸展。结论 干细胞移植可以一定程度上恢复脊髓损伤大鼠的运动功能,BMSCs和OM NSCs两种干细胞共移植效果优于单细胞移植。     

大鼠脊髓损伤BDNF基因修饰神经干细胞移植后HRP逆行示踪

目的：检测大鼠脊髓损伤脑源性神经营养因子（Brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)基因修饰神经干细胞移植后，神经纤维的再通及后肢功能恢复情况。方法：大鼠L4脊髓全横断后，在横断处立即移植BDNF基因修饰神经干细胞，分四个时相点（1周，1、2、3个月）进行辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）逆行示踪，并观察损伤移植处的形态学变化及大鼠后肢运动功能恢复情况。结果：损伤移植处脊髓的形态学明显好转；损伤移植处上段脊髓中，移植1个月组有HRP阳性细胞，以后两组逐渐增多；移植组大鼠后肢运动功能明显恢复。结论：大鼠脊髓损伤BDNF基因修饰神经干细胞移植后，在损伤移植处有HRP阳性神经元和神经纤维，大鼠后肢运动功能明显恢复，提示BDNF基因修饰神经干细胞有修复大鼠脊髓损伤的作用。     

基因修饰神经干细胞移植对大鼠脊髓损伤后神经营养素养-3表达及神经细胞凋亡的影响

目的：探讨基因修饰神经干细胞（NSCs）移植大鼠损伤脊髓后对神经营养素‐3（NT‐3）表达及神经细胞凋亡的影响。方法 SD大鼠80只随机分为假手术组（Normal组）、单纯损伤组（SCI组）、NSCs移植组（NSC组）、NT‐3基因修饰NSCs移植组（NT‐NSC组）。采用电控脊髓损伤打击装置致大鼠SCI模型,25g／cm （10g ×2.5cm）力致伤T13脊髓。5‐溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷（BrdU）法标记处于对数生长期的NSCs ,SCI后即刻进行NSCs及基因修饰NSCs移植,分1、3、7、14、28d 5个时间点运用免疫组织化学的方法检测NT‐3、BrdU的表达,采用原位末端脱氧核苷转移酶介导的脱氧尿苷三磷酸生物素缺口末端标记技术（TUNEL法）标记凋亡细胞,改良Rivlin法（斜板试验）观察大鼠后肢运动功能的恢复情况。结果 N T‐NSC组与NSC组在脊髓损伤区域内均可检测到Brdu阳性细胞,移植后7、14、28d BrdU阳性NSCs数与NSC组相比明显增多,差异有统计学意义（t＝9.439、8.918、4.185,P均＜0.05）。NT‐NSC组NT‐3表达高峰延迟,在14d达到最高值,其平均OD值与其他实验组各时间点相比均增高,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）;移植后7、14、28d凋亡细胞数比 NSC组明显减少（ P＜0.05）,斜板试验评分比NSC组明显提高（P＜0.05）。结论 NT‐3基因修饰NSCs移植较单纯NSCs移植更容易在脊髓损伤区域存活,并能通过增强NT‐3的表达来抑制神经细胞的凋亡,从而促进大鼠损伤脊髓的功能恢复。     

NOV对大鼠神经干细胞增殖和分化的影响

目的：探讨NOV基因和蛋白对大鼠神经干细胞（NSCs）增殖和分化的影响。方法：NOV基因重组质粒转染COS－7细胞和NSCs，收集COS－7细胞和NOV基因修饰COS－7细胞的条件培养液（简称COS－CM和NOV－CM），作用于培养的NSCs，^3H-TdR掺入检测NSCs的增殖，免疫细胞化学和流式细胞仪检测NSCs的分化。结果：①NOV－CM能明显促进NSCs对^3H-TdR的摄入，说明NOV－CM能明显促进细胞的增殖，另外NOV－CM的促细胞增殖作用具有一定的量效关系；②免疫细胞化学和流式细胞仪结果显示，NOV－CM促进NSCs向神经元方向分化；③NOV基因修饰NSCs分化时，神经元的比例增高。结论：NOV可能具有促进NSCs增殖和分化的作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.