基于SVR插值的FBMC系统时变信道估计

与正交频分复用（OFDM）技术不同,5G候选技术之一的滤波器组多载波（FBMC）技术由于添加了原型滤波器的设计,各个载波之间不需要完全正交,也不需要插入循环前缀作为保护等操作。然而由于引入了固有的虚部干扰,相应的信道估计也更复杂。良好的信道估计和插值算法对于时刻跟踪时变信道响应的变化是十分必要的。本文提出了一种基于SVR插值的FBMC时变信道估计方法,采用辅助导频消除FBMC系统的虚部干扰,然后基于SVR进行时变信道插值。该算法利用已知的导频符号,在存在传输衰落及非线性噪声的情况下,使用SVR回归拟合估计信道响应系数。在仿真中,将信道矢量建模为单径慢时变瑞利衰落信道。结果表明,与传统算法相比,该方法在运算效率损失不大的情况下,对FBMC信道估计的效果有极大的改善,估计精度更高。     

一种新的基于伪导频搜索的MB-LSF信道估计算法

针对伪导频搜索算法复杂度高的情况,对基于伪导频的MB LSF信道估计算法进行了研究。提出先估计导频位置的信道响应,然后通过线性插值得到所有位置的信道响应,进而检测得到伪导频的估计值,将其作为第1次搜索的符号。理论分析和仿真结果都证明了这种新算法在不影响信道估计性能的前提下,能够很大程度地降低伪导频的搜索次数。     

一种新的基于导频簇方案的时变OFDM系统双重ICI消除算法

主要研究了正交频分复用(OFDM)系统基于线性时变(LTV)模型的子载波间干扰(ICI)消除算法。在LTV模型中采用双重ICI消除算法可以达到比较好的性能,然而由于导频处的估计值准确度有限,限制了算法性能的进一步提升。提出了一种基于导频簇方案的双重ICI消除算法,采用基于导频簇的梳状导频结构,大幅降低导频处的ICI影响,取得了较好的效果。     

一种新的基于分布式压缩感知的时变稀疏信道估计

对OFDM（Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing）系统中快时变稀疏信道估计进行了研究,采用CE-BEM模型（Complex Exponential-Basis Expansion Model）对时变信道进行建模。由于信道是稀疏的,所以对应的CE-BEM基的系数也是稀疏的,由此将估计信道的抽头响应问题转化为求解稀疏CE-BEM系数的问题。针对现实稀疏度未知的场景,提出了一种稀疏度自适应的分布式压缩感知（Distributed Compressive Sensing,DCS）算法。考虑到导频放置对性能影响的重要性,提出了一种新的放置方式。仿真结果表明,本文算法有效地提升了估计性能。     

基于最优化搜索的迭代载波同步算法

码辅助的迭代同步算法将编码增益引入到同步环路中,能够有效实现低信噪比环境下的载波同步。针对低信噪比条件下码辅助同步算法存在参数估计范围小的问题,提出了基于最优化搜索的迭代载波同步算法。该算法通过研究载波偏差与译码软信息的关系,得出一种较简单的评价函数,再利用均匀搜索方式结合改进的Powell算法来获取同步参数的最佳估计,以实现准确的载波恢复。仿真实验验证了该算法在低信噪比条件下,能够有效补偿载波偏移,且具有较大的同步范围,在一定迭代次数之后可逼近理想同步。     

一种基于压缩感知的时变稀疏信道估计方法

对于快时变且稀疏环境下的正交频分复用 (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)系统模型,现有的方法是基于基扩展模型(Basic Expansion Model,BEM)进行估计,并利用恒定幅值零自相关(Constant Amplitude Zero Auto Correlation,CAZAC)序列估计时延。本文利用信道响应中稀疏的观测矩阵,用压缩感知(Compress Sensing,CS)的正交匹配跟踪(Orthogonal Matching Pursuit,OMP)算法进行时延估计。仿真结果表明,两种方法都能对时延进行有效的筛选,但当多普勒频移增大、信噪比较低时,本文将OMP、BEM相结合的方法效果较优。     

一种改进的DTMB单载波系统载波恢复算法

本文提出一种改进的DTMB单载波系统载波恢复算法。该算法在扫频阶段,通过选择合适的频点,对变步长扫频方法进行了改进。理论分析和软件仿真表明:在相同的接收条件下,使用改进的算法,扫频次数明显减少,由原来44次减少到20次,降低系统复杂度,但估计准确度不变。     

一种改进的基于DFT-MMSE的信道估计方法

传统的DFT-LS算法在最小二乘(LS)估计的基础上对循环前缀以外的信道冲击响应置零,在性能优于最小二乘(LS)的同时,降低了估计算法的计算复杂度。理想的最小均方差(MMSE)算法与其相比,计算复杂度大,但是性能优于DFT-LS。本文在传统DFT-MMSE估计算法基础上提出了一种新的方法,针对传统DFT-MMSE算法只对循环前缀以外的信道冲击响应做置零处理的问题,对循环前缀以内的信道冲击响应设定阈值门限,有效滤除部分循环前缀以内的噪声。理论分析与仿真结果表明,本文方法的性能优于传统的DFT-MMSE估计算法,劣于理想情况下的MMSE估计算法;计算复杂度低于传统的DFT-MMSE估计算法和理想情况下的MMSE估计算法。     

MC-CDMA系统采用多用户检测器的性能分析

分析了MC—CDMA系统采用多用户检测器的性能，多用户检测器采用解相关—并行干扰抵消体制。在同样的慢瑞利衰落多径信道条件下，与Hara提出的单用户检测体制进行比较，同时分析了上行和下行信道的情况。仿真结果显示在无信道估计错误时，在下行信道，单用户MMSEC检测性能较好，但在上行信道多用户检测器的性能远远好于单用户检测器。文中迈进一步仿真分析了信道估计错误对检测器的影响，发现对于较大的信道估计错误，多用户检测器比单用户检测器更敏感。结论是MMSEC只适用于下行MC—CDMA系统，而多用户检测器是上行MC—CDMA系统信道估计错误很小时的极佳方案。     

基于AR模型的平坦衰落信道仿真

无线信道大多处于复杂的传播环境中,研究复杂环境下的信道仿真是进一步研究空时信号处理技术的基础。本文实现了复杂传播环境下平坦衰落信道的AR模型仿真。在研究接收信号(含直射和方向性散射)复包络二阶统计特性的基础上,采用AR模型对信道进行仿真。仿真结果表明:基于AR模型的平坦衰落信道的仿真结果与理论曲线匹配度高,而且AR模型求解简便,适用于复杂环境下的信道。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.