用二元随机聚结-破裂模型研究六氨氯化镁的结晶动力学

采用连续稳态MSMPR反应结晶器,结合聚结破裂生死函数粒数衡算模型对六氨氯化镁的结晶动力学进行了研究。通过改变传统破裂生死函数的表达形式,摆脱了等体积破裂假设限制,从而提出了改进后的二元随机聚结破裂生死函数模型。在采用该模型对产品的粒度分布（PSD）数据进行离散变化求解后,获得了六氨氯化镁的结晶动力学参数。     

六氨氯化镁的粒度相关生长动力学模型

用连续稳态MSMPR反应结晶器对六氨氯化镁(MgCl2·6NH3)反应结晶过程中晶体生长速率的粒度相关性进行了研究.同时,针对六氨氯化镁产品在不同反应结晶条件下表现出的复杂的粒数密度分布形态,基于扩散学说提出了一个新的粒度相关生长速率模型.通过与Bransom、C-R、MJ2、ASL、Rojkowski指数、Rojkowski双曲以及MJ3等7种经典模型进行比较后发现,新模型对六氨氯化镁可能出现的凸形、凹形和极值形等几种有代表性的粒数密度分布形态都能给出与实验值极为吻合的描述.新模型表现出了非常良好的适应性.     

交联葡聚糖凝胶微珠的制备——Ⅱ.微珠粒径分布的影响因素与控制

葡聚糖微珠粒度分布由预分散过程决定。微珠凝集、表面粗糙与搅拌釜是否加入挡板无关。采用带挡板的搅拌釜进行预分散,可有效控制微珠粒度分布。在搅拌速度不变时,微珠粒径均值d_(32)与分散剂聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc)呈线性关系;在PVAc用量不变时,d_(32)与搅拌速度之间亦呈线性关系。控制PVAc用量和搅拌速度,即可提高粒度合格微珠之产率。     

基于CFD方法的啶虫脒结晶釜搅拌器优化设计

采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法对啶虫脒结晶釜进行了模拟与优化,考察了不同搅拌转速下的速度分布均匀性和晶体体积含量分布均匀性,结果表明高效轴流型桨SP306对晶体悬浮的效果较好,搅拌转速对晶体体积含量分布均匀性有显著影响,确定了90 r/min为优化后的搅拌转速。经工业应用,验证了优化设计的合理性,产品粒径分布有明显改善。     

反应条件对银胶体粒径及分布的影响

重点考察了利用液相化学还原法制备银胶体时温度、浓度和加料方式对粒径分布的影响。以PVP(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)和六偏磷酸钠为稳定剂,以次亚磷酸钠为还原剂液相还原硝酸银,制备出有不同粒径和分布的银胶体。利用激光衍射粒度分析仪、UV-vis分光光度计和透射电镜(TEM)确定胶体的粒径、分布和形态。研究结果表明:一次性加料获得的粒径和分布较小,硝酸银浓度和温度影响聚并和生长,从而对粒径分布产生复杂影响。     

大黄酚聚氰基丙烯酸丁酯纳米囊的制备工艺及质量研究

目的:采用界面聚合法制备大黄酚聚氰基丙烯酸丁酯纳米囊,筛选其最佳制备工艺,并进行质量考察。方法 在单因素法筛选制备工艺的基础上,以包封率为指标,采用L9(34)正交设计法对处方中搅拌速度、水相pH值、α-氰基丙烯酸丁酯用量和醋酸乙酯用量进行筛选,以优化该制备工艺。对其进行包封率、载药量、粒径和粒度分布等的质量考察。结果:确定大黄酚投药量为5 mg时,最佳制备工艺：搅拌速度为800 r/min,水相pH值为2,α-氰基丙烯酸丁酯用量为13 μL,醋酸乙酯用量为0.6 mL。采用最佳工艺制备的大黄酚纳米囊平均包封率为82.19%,平均载药量为21.48%,平均粒径为246 nm,电镜照片显示粒度分布均匀。结论:采用界面聚合法制备的聚氰基丙烯酸丁酯大黄酚纳米囊粒径小,包封率和载药量高,粒度分布均匀,制备工艺稳定可行,可用于静脉注射给药     

有机硅复合乳液聚合的动力学特征和成核机理

研究了聚合方法、搅拌强度、反应温度及原料用量对ＰＨＭＳ／ＢＡ复合乳液聚合反应转化率、反应速率的影响。结果表明：反应前期,一次加料法比半连续滴加法聚合速率快,但反应终了转化率却略低于后者;聚合反应速率随搅拌强度增大略有降低,随反应温度升高而加快,Ｅａ＝１３２．７７ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ;反应的速率和转化率随ＰＨＭＳ用量的增加而降低,随ＮＭＡ用量的增加而升高。乳液粒径随搅拌强度的主粒径追踪结果表明：乳液粒径随搅     

固相法制备高纯超细氢氧化镁的工艺

以自制的六氨氯化镁为原料,采用常温固相法制备了高纯超细氢氧化镁。对固相法制备高纯超细氢氧化镁的工艺条件进行了研究,得到优化的制备工艺条件为:M gC l2.6NH3和M gC l2.6H2O摩尔比1∶1,球磨速度350 r/m in,球磨时间15 m in,球料比5∶1、充填率52%,磨介1份10 mm大球和2份6 mm小球。对制得的超细氢氧化镁进行化学组成分析,结果表明:氢氧化镁含量在99.7%左右,杂质含量低于0.3%。粒度分析表明产品平均粒径为158 nm,变异系数(CV)为0.194。     

高分散高微细阻燃型氢氧化镁合成工艺的研究

以六水合氯化镁（MgCl₂·6H₂O）和氢氧化钠（NaOH）为原料,十二烷基硫酸钠和乙醇为分散剂,采用液相沉淀法制备氢氧化镁（Mg（OH）₂）阻燃剂,设计正交试验,研究了投料顺序、分散剂用量、反应温度、反应物浓度及浓度配比对其粒径和吸光度的影响;采用电子扫描显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）对其特性进行对比表征。结果显示最佳制备工艺为：投料顺序为向氯化镁和分散剂的混合溶液中滴加氢氧化钠,分散剂用量（分散剂质量与理论所得氢氧化镁质量之比）为6%,反应温度为50℃,反应物氯化镁溶液浓度为0.75 mol/L,氯化镁与氢氧化钠浓度配比为1：2。表明此合成方法的工艺简便、条件缓和,合成的阻燃型氢氧化镁与市售样品相比,具有颗粒均匀、粒径更小、分布更窄的特点,颗粒的极性、分散性、抗团聚性等性能全面优于市售样品。     

影响BaSo4沉淀颗粒粒径分布的工程因素

研究了釜式，管式与釜式组合反应器内各种混合方式对沉淀颗粒粒径分布的影响，结果表明，转速对粒径和分布的影响是非单调的；采用转子－定子型搅拌器能明显地改善颗粒的单分散性，加料位置对粒径分布比较敏感，浆叶底部为较合适的加料位置，采用组合反应器，不但使颗粒粒径减少，而且使颗粒分布变窄。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.